Study on Influencing Factors of Mental Health of Mobile Young White-Collar Workers in China

Mobile young white-collar workers not only have the characteristics of mobile young people,but also have the characteristics of general white-collar workers.Under the influence of both,their mental health may be suffering from“double disadvantage”.So,based on an ecological model of the stress process,this paper tries to use the data of the questionnaire on the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers in Zhejiang Province to explore the influence of some factors in the middle workplace and residence place on the mental health of micro individuals.The results show that:(1)The working environment with high control and low freedom and the workplace discrimination against the mobile status will have a negative impact on the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers;(2)Financial anxiety in daily life will lead to a decline in the mental health level of mobile young white-collar workers;(3)Good organizational support and neighborhood social relations can significantly relieve life pressure,so as to effectively improve the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers.It can be seen that we also need to pay more attention to the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers in order to improve their situation.

Influencing Factors of Long-Term Residence Intention of Highly Educated Inter-Provincial and Intra-Provincial Floating Population From the Perspective of Social Integration:Take Guangdong Province for Example

Floating population plays an important role in the development of cities,regions,and countries.The economic growth path with Guangdong characteristics is inseparable from the support of highly educated groups.Studying the long-term residence intention of the highly educated floating population is helpful for the city to attract and retain talents.From the perspective of social integration,using CMDS 2017 data and taking Guangdong Province for example,this paper studies the influencing factors of long-term residence intention through SPSS logistic regression,taking intra-provincial and inter-provincial floating population with a bachelor’s degree or above as sample.The main conclusions are:(1)Marital and childbearing status is the primitive influencing factor of long-term residence intention among intra-provincial and inter-provincial floating population.Samples with high income,under social insurance system,being female and having non-agricultural hukou,are tend to prefer long-term residence.Samples who connect with the locals and participate in social public welfare are more likely to stay.(2)Personal age and city livability have a significant positive impact on the long-term residence intention of the inter-provincial highly educated floating population,but agricultural hukou and self-employed laborer status will weaken the long-term residence intention of this group.(3)Participation in townsmen/alumni association has a positive effect on the long-term residence intention of the intra-provincial highly educated floating population,and connection with outlanders also promotes the long-term residence intention of this group.(4)The long-term residence intention of inter-provincial highly educated floating population is usually based on reality,therefore they pay more attention to the development,changes,and livability of the destination city.However,the long-term residence intention of intra-provincial highly educated floating population is usually based on perception,so they pay more attention to whether they like the city.Compared with intra-provincial flows,inter-provincial flows have higher economic and emotional migration costs,more institutional barriers,and more life adaptation problems.Therefore,the government should introduce targeted measures to promote social integration and improve long-term residence intention.

Real-Time Monitoring and Forecast of Active Population Density Using Mobile Phone Data

Real-time monitoring and forecast of large scale active population density is of great significance as it can warn and prevent possible public safety accident caused by abnormal population aggregation.Active population is defined as the number of people with their mobile phone powered on.Recently,an unfortunate deadly stampede occurred in Shanghai on December 31th 2014 causing the death of 39 people.We hope that our research can help avoid similar unfortunate accident from happening.In this paper we propose a method for active population density real-time monitoring and forecasting based on data from mobile network operators.Our method is based solely on mobile network operators existing infrastructure and barely requires extra investment,and mobile devices play a very limited role in the process of population locating.Four series forecasting methods,namely Simple Exponential Smoothing(SES),Double exponential smoothing(DES),Triple exponential smoothing(TES)and Autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA)are used in our experiments.Our experimental results suggest that we can achieve good forecast result for 135 min in future.

Simulation of Spread of Infectious Diseases and Population Mobility in a Deterministic Epidemic Patch Model

Computer simulation models are widely applied in various areas of the health care sector, including the spread of infectious diseases. Patch models involve explicit movements of people between distinct locations. The aim of the present work has been designed and explored a patch model with population mobility between different patches and between each patch and an external population. The authors considered a SIR （susceptible-infected-recovered） scheme. The model was explored by computer simulations. The results show how endemic levels are reached in all patches of the system. Furthermore, the performed explorations suggest that the people mobility between patches, the immigration from outside the system and the infection rate in each patch, are factors that may influence the dynamics of epidemics and should be considered in health policy planning.

On Population Mobility in Market Economy

Regular and extensive social population mobility in natural economy is neither necessary nor possible while in a planned economic system, social population distribution is necessary but social population mobility is unlikely. Modern market economy as a highly mobile economy has a free-mobile population characteristic of market economy, which is fundamental to optimize human resource distribution. The rule for the modern market-based population movement is as follows: If the mobile population is the rational behavior choosers, under the permissive developmental environment as arranged by the social system, they tend to move from low profit-making fields to high income fields when there exists comparable difference of income in different regions and different industries, and various potential and practical profit-making chances. The degree of difference in comparable income is positively co-relative to the velocity and flux of mobile population.

Population mobility change for controlling the transmission of COVID-19:mobile phone data analysis in nine cities of China

Mobility restriction measures were the main tools to control the spread of COVID-19,but the extent to which the mobility has decreased remained unsure.We investigated the change in local population mobility and its correlation with COVID-19 infections,using 1185 billion aggregated mobile phone data records in nine main cities in China from 10 January to 24 February 2020.The mobility fell by as much as 79.57%compared to the normal days in 2020 and by 58.13%compared to the same lunar period in 2019.The daily incidence of COVID-19 was significantly correlated with local daily mobility(R2=0.77,P<0.001).The instantaneous reproduction number R(t)declined by 3%when mobility was reduced by 10%in the GLM analysis(P<0.05).Our study indicated that the decreased mobility level,driven by a mixture effect of holiday and public health interventions,could substantially reduce the transmission of COVID-19 to a low level.Our study could provide evidence of mobility restriction to control local transmission for other places facing COVID-19 outbreaks or potential next waves.

Dynamic Assessment of Spatiotemporal Population Distribution Based on Mobile Phone Data: A Case Study in Xining City,China

High-resolution,dynamic assessments of the spatiotemporal distributions of populations are critical for urban planning and disaster management.Mobile phone big data have real-time collection,wide coverage,and high resolution advantages and can thus be used to characterize human activities and population distributions at fne spatiotemporal scales.Based on six days of mobile phone user-location signal(MPLS)data,we assessed the dynamic spatiotemporal distribution of the population of Xining City,Qinghai Province,China.The results show that strong temporal regularity exists in the daily activities of local residents.The spatiotemporal distribution of the local population showed a signifcant downtown-suburban attenuation pattern.Factors such as land use types,holidays,and seasons signifcantly afect the spatiotemporal patterns of the local population.By combining other spatiotemporal trajectory data,high-resolution and dynamic real-time population distribution evaluations based on mobile phone location signals could be better developed and improved for use in urban management and disaster assessment research.

人口迁移流动与城镇化发展战略任务

本世纪以来,特别是2010年以来,我国人口迁移流动和城镇化表现出的特点是:流动人口数量继续增长,人口流动向东部地区尤其是东南沿海地区转移,人口迁移流动存在“南强北弱”和“北人南迁”趋势,人口城镇化水平继续提高和中西部地区城镇化增长更快,人口更明显地向特大城市和超大城市集聚,带来超大、特大城市数量增加,并在此基础上带动若干核心城市都市圈和城市群发展等。结合人口迁移流动态势,直面我国城镇化发展进程所面临的战略任务,提出应加快推进农业转移人口和流动人口的市民化,在城镇化过程中实现更加平衡的国家发展,以及在不同地区实践多样性和因地制宜的城镇化发展。

公共健康权益可及性对少数民族流动人口定居意愿的影响

以人口高质量发展支撑中国式现代化,提高人口整体素质是关键。而流动人口公共健康权益的可获得性和可及性程度又是增强流动人口身体素质、定居意愿、城市融入的关键因素。通过分析2018年全国流动人口动态监测数据(China Migrants Dynamic Survey,简称CMDS),聚焦少数民族流动人口在流入地公共健康权益的现状,进一步使用二分变量对数比回归模型实证分析少数民族流动家庭公共健康权益可及性对定居意愿发生比的影响,关注家庭主要劳动力(个体)和家庭其他成员(幼童、孕产妇)公共健康权益可及性对少数民族流动人口定居意愿的影响,并探讨不同特征的少数民族流动人口健康权益可及性对家庭定居意愿的异质性影响。研究发现:一是公共健康权益可获得性、可及性程度对少数民族流动人口定居意愿存在显著正向影响,且影响效应存在差异。家庭成员公共健康权益的影响效应大于个体影响效应,但孕产妇公共健康权益可获得性与家庭定居意愿没有显著相关关系。二是不同健康权益项目对单个个体健康权益可及性的影响权重不同。健康档案项目对个体公共健康权益的影响效应最大,疫苗接种项目对幼童公共健康权益的影响效应最大,孕产妇四项公共健康权益项目的作用相差不大。三是不同个体获得公共健康权益数量越多,其定居意愿发生比越高,但影响效应不同。公共健康权益可及性程度对于受教育程度低、夫妻两地分居、省内跨市流动的少数民族流动人口定居意愿的影响更大。

我国人口流动变化的新趋势及其对乡村转型的影响

乡村人口流动是我国现代化进程中乡村转型和社会变迁最具解释力的现象,因为它不仅是劳动力资源的流动,而且是城乡各种体制变革的重要推动力量。改革开放以来,我国乡村人口大规模向城市流动,并呈持续增长态势,但进入2010年以后,随着我国农业税费改革、农业补贴政策、农村土地承包流转等一系列促农政策的出台和国家关于乡村发展战略的优化,乡村人口流动的相关指标值也在发生着阶段性的变化。为了梳理这种变化趋势及特征,以国家人口普查数据、统计年鉴的人口数据和课题组实证调查的数据为依据进行统计描述和分析。结果表明,随着乡村人口流动呈现出阶段性变化新趋势,其带给乡村的影响已经从原来的乡村空心化、老龄化等显性问题转移到乡村转型中的结构失衡问题上来,由此也带来了对城乡一体化背景下乡村角色和功能重新定位问题的思考,在此基础上提出了相应的对策政策,以促进乡村人口流动在乡村转型发展中发挥积极作用。

城市群建设视域下各民族人口流动融居的多维探析——基于重庆主城都市区的调查

现代化城市群建设引领区域高水平协同共建,对周边各族群众产生典型的“磁吸效应”。城市中各民族流动人口数量上升既为城市经济社会发展作出贡献,也为各民族交往交流交融创造现实空间。文章在成渝地区双城经济圈建设背景下,以重庆主城都市区为例,依据三种社区生活模式,对嵌入式社区环境、渐进式文化交流以及互助式社团生活展开深入探讨。引导城市中各族群众向社会主义现代化迈进,不断提升城市民族工作现代化水平,实现各民族共建共治共享,在人口流动融居中推动各民族交往交流交融,促进各民族团结统一、守望相助、手足情深,不断夯实铸牢中华民族共同体意识的实践基础。

影响中国人群心理健康的人口因素及机制——基于省级面板数据的实证研究

目的:分析城镇化、老龄化、人口流动率对医院精神科就诊比例的影响以及独居率的调节作用。方法:基于2010—2019年省级面板数据和Hausman-Taylor模型进行实证研究。结果:城镇化和人口流动率分别与医院精神科就诊比例负相关和正相关。城镇化与老龄化的交互项、城镇化与独居率的交互项均与医院精神科就诊比例负相关,老龄化与独居率的交互项与医院精神科就诊比例正相关。结论:城镇化和人口流动分别是中国人群心理健康的保护因素和风险因素,城镇化改善了老龄化对中国人群心理健康的不利影响。独居率的上升扩大了城镇化对心理健康的保护作用,加深了老龄化带来的心理健康问题。推进新型城镇化的同时,需重视农村老年人口、流动人口以及独居人口的心理健康评估和干预。

政策变迁对粤港澳大湾区人口流动的影响研究

自2019年《粤港澳大湾区发展规划纲要》正式出台至今,粤港澳大湾区在珠三角城市群的基础上结合港澳优势已发展成为中国开放程度最高,经济活力以及人口集聚能力最强的城市群之一,在国家发展大局中具有重要的战略地位。粤港澳大湾区与国内其他城市群相比,人口迁移流动除了受到户籍制度的影响,还受到社会制度差异的制约。采用双重差分方法对粤港澳大湾区人口流动进行实证分析的结果表明,粤港澳大湾区建设的提出以及《粤港澳大湾区发展规划纲要》的出台对于粤港澳大湾区人口流动具有显著的促进作用,从具体政策影响来看,创业就业政策、税收支持政策以及优质生活政策对于粤港澳大湾区人口流动的促进作用更具直接性。由此,要实现粤港澳大湾区生产要素特别是人口和劳动力高效便捷流动,实现大湾区转型发展、创新发展,仍需要进行制度和政策创新,在就业、税收、优质生活、通关服务以及人才引进等方面出台更多切实有利于人口流动、劳动力资源优化配置的政策,如建立统一的公共服务平台、统一个人所得税税收征收标准、提升生活便利度等措施。

中国人口流动的健康轨迹研究

人口的高流动性和流动人口快速老化已成为中国人口发展的显著特征。研究人口流动对我国城乡居民健康的影响及其变动趋势,对于理解和实现健康老龄化,改善人口健康水平具有重要意义。现有研究较多分析流动人口相比于城镇居民的健康状况,而对流动人口和农村居民的健康差异的研究相对缺乏;对于流动人口在老年阶段的健康状况与户籍人口的差异以及流动对人口健康的影响等关键问题尚没有确定结论。本文旨在探讨人口流动与个体健康的因果关系以及流动人口和城乡户籍人口之间随时间和年龄变化的健康差异。本文利用中国家庭动态追踪调查(CFPS)2010-2020年连续六次调查的面板数据,采用固定效应模型和线性回归模型分析人口流动的健康效应和年龄效应。研究发现2012-2020年流动对人口健康的总体影响为负,验证了流动具有健康损耗效应,存在“流行病学悖论”。从时期维度看,流动对人口健康的影响呈现由健康优势转为健康劣势的趋势,人口流动的健康选择效应和流动经历的内在健康损耗效应并存。初期流动人口具有健康优势,健康自评状况优于城乡户籍人口。随着时间推进,健康优势逐渐收敛,健康损耗效应逐渐显现。从年龄维度看,流动人口和城乡户籍人口的自评健康水平随着年龄增加都呈下降趋势,但流动人口的下降速度显著慢于城乡户籍人口,其健康优势在老年阶段逐渐消失。上述发现的政策含义是:在人口老龄化不断加深和流动人口规模保持高位,流动人口老化愈加明显的背景下,流动人口的健康老龄化成为重要挑战,在政策实践层面应关注流动经历对个体生命周期的持续影响,尤其是要重视城镇中的高龄流动人口返乡回流将健康风险转移到农村,从而增加农村整体的健康脆弱性和健康照护成本,应将人口流动因素作为优化城乡卫生健康资源配置的重要考量。

城市生态学视角下人口流动实践与城市空间塑造的互构——基于武侯祠横街的田野调查

武侯祠横街的渊源与历史上的茶马互市有关,在当代城市发展中日益繁盛,遂吸引流动人口日益汇聚于此务工经商,成为一个充满民族特色的商业街区。特色商业空间的发展与人口流动实践之间,在持续不断的互构过程中实现了共生发展:一方面,依托城市空间,横街流动群体在实践中呈现内部分化、向上流动与边界弥合并存的趋势,流动效应持续累积;另一方面,流动实践不断充盈和塑造城市空间,推进横街走向包容性文化空间、民族互嵌式社会空间的内涵式发展。武侯祠横街人口流动实践与城市空间塑造之间的互构共生进程,验证了芝加哥学派所论人类活动与空间结构之互构关系,又与其城市空间形态所现“区隔”存在区别。

乡村振兴背景下滇南农村少数民族人口流动的特征、利益机制及影响研究——以建水县“羊街现象”为例

乡村振兴背景下农村土地流转政策的施行推进了农村土地的集约化经营,集约化经营促进了农业产业化发展,农业产业的稳步发展和经济效应的增长不断拉升产业聚集地的用工需求,从而吸附农村剩余劳动力向产业聚集地流动,形成了农村人口“乡—乡”流动的现象。滇南“羊街现象”是这种现象的典型案例,研究羊街流动人口的特征、利益机制及影响,可以揭示和阐释乡村产业振兴下多民族地区农村人口流动的底层逻辑:土地流转政策助推农村产业兴旺,产业兴旺吸附流动人口,利益机制稳定流动人口。

共同富裕背景下公共服务均等化对城乡居民收入差距的作用机制与实践检验

基于2011—2020年省级面板数据,运用固定效应模型、中介效应模型检验了公共服务均等化对城乡收入差距的影响、作用机制及空间差异。结果表明:第一,公共服务均等化水平的提升能够有效降低城乡居民收入差距;第二,公共服务均等化对城乡收入差距的影响存在空间异质性,在西部地区、人口净流出较多的地区,公共服务均等化对城乡收入差距的影响更为显著;第三,公共服务均等化可以通过促进劳动力流动与人力资本积累两个渠道影响城乡收入差距。研究结论为国家和政府在新时期推动经济持续稳定发展、保障和改善民生、全面推动社会建设、促进共同富裕提供了参考。

城市外来少数民族青年社会融入状况研究

依据2021年珠三角、长三角、京津冀等三大经济区城市的线上问卷调查数据,从家庭与流动特征、就业收入与消费、健康与公共服务、社会交往、社会参与、社会态度及心理文化等维度考察了城市外来少数民族青年社会融入现状、剖析了城市外来少数民族青年社会融入存在的问题、构建了城市外来少数民族青年社会融入推进路径,指出探究城市外来少数民族青年社会融入状况对于加速其社会融入进程,推动各民族平等发展、共同繁荣,促进民族交往交流交融具有重要意义。

2010—2020年山东省人口流动的特征分析

根据2010—2020年间全国人口普查数据,分析了山东省人口流动的特征。从流动规模看,2010—2020年山东省人户分离流动人口规模有较快增长,流动人口总量虽然全国排名第五,但其构成与广东、浙江不同;从流动区域看,山东省在省际流动中处于人口净流出状态,人口主要流向江苏、北京和上海;流动人口在省内16地市分布不均衡,省内流动人口中约六成为农业户籍人口;与十年前相比,社会型已取代工作型和学习型,成为山东省省内人口流动的最主要原因。

人口流动背景下黄河流域碳减排路径研究

绿色低碳对黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展意义重大,从人口角度入手,以2006-2020年黄河流域60个地级市为研究对象,通过构建固定效应模型分析人口流动与碳排放之间的关系,采用中介效应模型与调节效应模型对人口流动背景下黄河流域的碳减排路径进行探讨。研究结果表明:人口流动对流域碳排放的影响呈先抑制后促进的“U形”关系;人力资本积累是黄河流域的重要碳减排路径;金融发展水平、交通及文化基础设施建设水平的提高具有减排调节效应。据此提出黄河流域碳减排路径相关的对策建议。