Inflow and outflow permeability tests in a very soft clay under low stresses

In situ inflow and outflow permeability tests with the BAT probe at SarapuíII soft clay test site are presented.A description of the BAT permeability test is provided,discussing its advantages and shortcomings,especially in the case of very soft clays under low stresses.Pore pressures were monitored during probe installation and were found to be slightly lower than piezocone u2 pore pressures,consistent with the position of the filter.The role of filter tip saturation was investigated after the usual saturation procedure provided an unsatisfactory pore pressure response during probe installation.Results show that the vacuum saturation procedure provides adequate response during installation and increases the reliability of the coefficient of permeability determination in early measurements.Both inflow and outflow tests yielded similar results,indicating that careful execution of the test can lead to good test repeatability regardless of the loading condition.Various sequences of alternated inflow and outflow tests have yielded similar results,indicating that soil reconsolidation and filter clogging were negligible in the tests performed.Data are presented concerning the relationship between index parameters and the in situ coefficient of permeability for SarapuíII clay,which plot outside the range of existing databases.

Novel procedure for hepatic venous outflow block after liver resection:A case report

BACKGROUND Postoperative complications like remnant hepatic vein(HV)outflow block and liver torsion can occur after right hepatectomy.Hepatic falciform ligament fixation is typically used to prevent liver torsion.We report a novel procedure to manage outflow block.CASE SUMMARY An 80-year-old man developed HV outflow block after remnant right hepatectomy,despite liver fixation and intraoperative HV flow check.He had a history of cholangiocellular carcinoma and had undergone posterior segmentectomy and choledojejunostomy.The falciform ligament fixation was inadequate to maintain liver position.Emergency surgery was performed,using an omental flap and mobilized right side colon with ileocecal region to prevent liver dislocation due to intraabdominal adhesion.His postoperative course was uneventful.CONCLUSION This is the first report providing a novel surgical procedure when the falciform ligament is insufficient for remnant liver fixation.

Inter-provincial Differences in Rice Multi-cropping Changes in Main Double-cropping Rice Area in China: Evidence from Provinces and Households

Since the early 1980 s, the multi-cropping index for rice has decreased significantly in main double-cropping rice area in China, which is the primary double-cropping rice(DCR) production area. This decline may bring challenges to food security in China because rice is the staple food for more than 60% of the Chinese population. It has been generally recognized that rapidly rising labor costs due to economic growth and urbanization in China is the key driving force of the ‘double-to-single' rice cropping system adaption. However, not all provinces have shown a dramatic decline in DCR area, and labor costs alone cannot explain this difference. To elucidate the reasons for these inter-provincial distinctions and the dynamics of rice cropping system adaption, we evaluated the influencing factors using provincial panel data from 1980 to 2015. We also used household survey data for empirical analysis to explore the mechanisms driving differences in rice multi-cropping changes. Our results indicated that the eight provinces in the study can be divided into three spatial groups based on the extent of DCR area decline, the rapidly-declining marginal, core, and stable zones. Increasing labor cost due to rapid urbanization was the key driving force of rice cropping system adaption, but the land use dynamic vary hugely among different provinces. These differences between zones were due to the interaction between labor price and accumulated temperature conditions. Therefore, increasing labor costs had the greatest impact in Zhejiang, Anhui, and Hubei, where the accumulated temperature is relatively low and rice multi-cropping index declined dramaticly. However, labor costs had little impact in Guangdong and Guangxi. Differences in accumulated temperature conditions resulted in spatially different labor demands and pressure on households during the busy season. As a result, there have been different profits and rice multi-cropping changes between provinces and zones. Because of these spatial differences, regionally appropriate policies that provide appropriate subsidies for early rice in rapidly-declining marginal zone such as Zhejiang and Hubei should be implemented. In addition, agricultural mechanization and the number of agricultural workers have facilitated double-cropping; therefore, small machinery and agricultural infrastructure construction should be further supported.

Rural migrants' participation in old-age insurance: a case study of the inter-provincial migrant workers from Sichuan, China

Old-age pension, a fundamental part of the Chinese social security system, is perceived by the Chinese government as the last support for rural-to-urban migrant workers upon retreating from the labor market. Using survey data collected by the authors, this paper examines a host of factors which influence migrant workers' participation in the old-age scheme. The result shows that individual characteristics, employment status, attitudes toward old-age support and perception of the old-age pension system significantly differentiate two groups of migrant workers between those that have participated in and their counterparts who have not participated in the old-age pension schemes. Among a number of factors, age, educational attainment, holding labor contract, etc. are found to be significant factors influencing migrants' behavior participating(or not participating) the available age-pension schemes. Policy implications for how to improve the rate of participation in existing old-age pension schemes among migrant workers are drawn from the findings.

Inter-provincial pattern of the coupled and coordinated relationship between touristization and urbanization

The coordinated development between touristization and urbanization is the key to optimizing regional industrial structure and building a long-term dynamic mechanism for urbanization. Based on constructing the measurement index system of touristization and urbanization level, the evaluation model on the coupled and coordinated degree is used in this paper to measure the inter-provincial pattern of the coupled and coordinated relationship between touristization and urbanization in 31 provinces and autonomous regions in China. The results show that the coupled and coordinated relationship between touristization and urbanization is significantly different in different regions, which presents a gradient decline pattern of the highest in the east, the lower in the middle and the lowest in the west. In the future, measures should be taken to promote the coordinated development between touristization and urbanization in accordance with the regional differences and actual development needs.

Inter-Provincial Development Difference in Information & Telecom Industry in China

This article measures the development difference in the information and telecommunication industry among provinces in China quantitatively by Gini coefficient.According to the calculation results,the article concludes that the development levels are between "highly equal"and "relatively equal".Further more,the research also shows that the difference gap has been narrowing down gradually in recent years.Compared with the inter-provincial economic difference,the difference in the information and telecommunication industry among provinces is small.

Spatial Interactions of China's Steel Output: An Empirical Analysis Based on Chinese Inter-provincial Panel Data

In view of the extensive growth of China's steel production in recent years, this paper analyzed the industrial development background and economic geography theory, and discussed the possible spatial interaction mechanism. Based on panel data of China's inter-provincial steel output from 2001 to 2015, using spatial econometric model, this paper also explored whether China's provincial steel production shows material orientation, market orientation and traffic orientation, and isolated spatial interactions of interprovincial steel output. The results showed that the inter-provincial steel production in China did show both material orientation, market orientation and traffic orientation and that there was a significant negative spatial interaction, indicating that there might be strong competition and a crowing-out effect between neighboring provinces, and that the smaller the spatial scope, the more significant the spatial interactions of steel production.

Measurement of Grain Production Efficiency in Main Grain-producing Areas and Analysis of Inter-provincial Differences--A Study Based on Super-SBM Model and Malmquist Index

China's food security mainly depends on the core areas of food production.Under the dual constraints of resource scarcity and environmental degradation,improving the grain production efficiency of the main grain-producing areas has become the fundamental way to strengthen the grain production capacity and improve the national food security capability,and to improve the efficiency of grain production in major grain-producing areas requires empirical support.This paper used the Super SBM model and the Malmquist index to measure the grain production efficiency of the main grain-producing areas from 2001 to 2020 from both static and dynamic perspectives,and compared the differences in grain production efficiency among different soil types and different provinces(autonomous regions)in the main grain-producing areas.The results showed that from 2001 to 2020,the grain production in the main grain-producing areas was in a relatively ineffective state,and the differences in grain production efficiency among different soil types and different provinces(autonomous regions)in the main grain-producing areas were obvious.The order of grain production efficiency in different soil types was black soil region>red-yellow soil region>paddy soil region>fluvo-aquic soil region,and the order of grain production efficiency of the provinces(autonomous regions)in the main grain-producing areas was Jilin>Heilongjiang>Inner Mongolia>Jiangxi>Hunan>Sichuan>Hubei>Jiangsu>Liaoning>Henan>Anhui>Shandong>Hebei.From 2001 to 2020,the total factor productivity of grain in the main grain-producing areas increased,but due to the trade-off between the technological progress and the growth of technical efficiency,the increase in the total factor productivity of grain in the main grain-producing areas was small,and the growth mainly came from the increase of input factors in this period.The total factor productivity of grain in Hebei,Heilongjiang,Liaoning,Jilin,Inner Mongolia,Shandong,Jiangsu,Henan and Anhui increased,but the increase was small,while the total factor productivity of grain in Jiangxi,Sichuan,Hunan and Hubei provinces declined.

Trends and Features of China's Inter-Provincial Trade:1987-2007

With today's economic globalization,inter-provincial trade plays an important role in a country's economy.This paper is the first to adopt the input-output tables of 30 Chinese provinces and to summarize the evolution of China's inter-provincial trade from1987 to 2007.This paper reaches the following conclusions.First,China's inter-provincial trade has sustained a period of rapid growth.In 2007,the total volume of inter-provincial trade was twice the amount of international trade,with the eastern region accounting for the majority of the inter-provincial trade volume.GDP may have a greater effect on interprovincial trade than geographic distance does.Second,inter-provincial trade maintains a high level of concentration and overlaps with the high concentration of GDP.Third,the inter-provincial trade dependence of Chinese provinces tends to increase,an indication of the growing domestic market integration.Moreover,the eastern region's dependence on inter-provincial trade is higher than the central and western regions'.Fourth,the share of inter-provincial trade in the overall external trade of Chinese provinces has a declining tendency,which indicates a slower process of China's domestic market integration compared with international market integration.However,in terms of proportion,the external trade of most Chinese provinces is still dominated by inter-provincial trade.Fifth,most provinces with longstanding inter-provincial trade deficits are in the central and western regions.

Influencing Factors of Long-Term Residence Intention of Highly Educated Inter-Provincial and Intra-Provincial Floating Population From the Perspective of Social Integration:Take Guangdong Province for Example

Floating population plays an important role in the development of cities,regions,and countries.The economic growth path with Guangdong characteristics is inseparable from the support of highly educated groups.Studying the long-term residence intention of the highly educated floating population is helpful for the city to attract and retain talents.From the perspective of social integration,using CMDS 2017 data and taking Guangdong Province for example,this paper studies the influencing factors of long-term residence intention through SPSS logistic regression,taking intra-provincial and inter-provincial floating population with a bachelor’s degree or above as sample.The main conclusions are:(1)Marital and childbearing status is the primitive influencing factor of long-term residence intention among intra-provincial and inter-provincial floating population.Samples with high income,under social insurance system,being female and having non-agricultural hukou,are tend to prefer long-term residence.Samples who connect with the locals and participate in social public welfare are more likely to stay.(2)Personal age and city livability have a significant positive impact on the long-term residence intention of the inter-provincial highly educated floating population,but agricultural hukou and self-employed laborer status will weaken the long-term residence intention of this group.(3)Participation in townsmen/alumni association has a positive effect on the long-term residence intention of the intra-provincial highly educated floating population,and connection with outlanders also promotes the long-term residence intention of this group.(4)The long-term residence intention of inter-provincial highly educated floating population is usually based on reality,therefore they pay more attention to the development,changes,and livability of the destination city.However,the long-term residence intention of intra-provincial highly educated floating population is usually based on perception,so they pay more attention to whether they like the city.Compared with intra-provincial flows,inter-provincial flows have higher economic and emotional migration costs,more institutional barriers,and more life adaptation problems.Therefore,the government should introduce targeted measures to promote social integration and improve long-term residence intention.

The pull of inter-provincial migration of rural labor force and its influence on policy-making

As a social phenomenon closely related to development of economy, the population is always the focis of economists＇ attention. Based on the fifth census in 2001, this paper analyzes labor migration in Hubet Provtnce and establishes an econometric model to analyze the pull according to the push and pull theory,, which is the famous theory on the population flow and migration. It points out that the per capita consumption and the employment rate attract strongly the rural labors and makes a deep exploration into the ensuing problems. Such conclusion is a special reference to the decision-making of government. The government can provide some guidance to the rural labors according to the per capita consumption and the employment rate in order to avoid the futility of blind migration.

ASYMPTOTIC STABILITY OF SHOCK WAVES FOR THE OUTFLOW PROBLEM OF A HEAT-CONDUCTIVE IDEAL GAS WITHOUT VISCOSITY

This paper is concerned with an ideal polytropic model of non-viscous and heatconductive gas in a one-dimensional half space. We focus our attention on the outflow problem when the flow velocity on the boundary is negative and we prove the stability of the viscous shock wave and its superposition with the boundary layer under some smallness conditions.Our waves occur in the subsonic area. The intrinsic properties of our system are more challenging in mathematical analysis, however, in the subsonic area, the lack of a boundary condition on the density provides us with a special manner for defining the shift for the viscous shock wave, and helps us to construct the asymptotic profiles successfully. New weighted energy estimates are introduced and the perturbations on the boundary are handled by some subtle estimates.

“I Dread the Heart Surgery but it Keeps My Child Alive”—Experiences of Parents of Children with Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Anomalies during the Assessment for Cardiac Reoperation

Background:Parents of children with complex right ventricular outflow tract(RVOT)anomalies are confronted with their child’s need for heart surgery early in life and repeated reoperations later on.Preoperative assessment needs to be performed whenever an indication for reoperation is suspected.The aim was to illuminate the experiences of parents of children diagnosed with RVOT anomalies,in particular,how they experience their child’s heart disease and everyday life during the assessment and after the decision on whether to perform a reoperation.Method:Individual interviews(n=27)were conducted with nine parents on three occasions between 2014 and 2016 and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.Results:The analysis resulted in the following five main coexisting themes:The heart surgery keeps my child alive illuminates parents’experiences during and after the assessment and emphasizes that heart surgery,although dreaded,is central for their child’s survival;Everyday struggles illuminates the different struggles parents had to face to ensure that their child would be in the best possible condition;the remaining three themes,Unconditional love,Trust in life,and Togetherness,illuminate the ways in which the parents gained inner strength and confidence in their everyday lives.Conclusion:Although the parents were grateful for the assessment and had learned to navigate among the fears it aroused,they experienced several distressing situations during the assessment process that should be addressed.By inviting both the parents and their child to participate in the child’s care,individualized support can take into account the needs of both parents and child.

Ⅰ导联R/(R+S)对胸前V3导联移行流出道室性心律失常起源部位的鉴别价值

目的:探索鉴别胸前V3导联移行流出道室性心律失常(OT-VA)起源部位的体表心电图指标。方法:连续选择2017年1月至2022年8月行导管射频消融术的胸前V3导联移行OT-VA患者65例。比较左室流出道起源组(LVOT组)和右室流出道起源组(RVOT组)室性心律失常发作时体表心电图QRS波振幅及相关指标的差异,选择差异有统计学意义的指标,绘制ROC曲线评价所选取指标鉴别OT-VA起源部位的效能。结果:LVOT组11例,RVOT组54例,两组间差异有统计学意义且ROC曲线下面积(AUC)最大的指标为Ⅰ导联R波/(R+S)波振幅比[R/(R+S)],其鉴别OT-VA起源部位的AUC(95%CI)为0.949(0.894~1.000),截断值为0.50。Ⅰ导联R/(R+S)<0.50诊断胸前V3导联移行LVOT起源OT-VA的敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为0.909、0.944和0.938。结论:Ⅰ导联R/(R+S)<0.50可准确鉴别LVOT起源的胸前V3导联移行OT-VA。

进液量对气举式同向出流旋流器分离特性影响

为了提高旋流器的分离效率,提出一种气举式同向出流水力旋流器结构,通过注气的方式将旋流器轴心的油核举升至溢流口,加速油核向溢流口方向运动,进而提升旋流器的分离性能。基于雷诺应力模型(Reynolds Stress Model,RSM)与多相流模型(Mixture),模拟计算了入口进液量对气举式同向出流旋流器分离性能的影响,分析了进液量对旋流器内气核形态、速度场分布以及分离性能的影响规律。数值模拟结果表明:进液量分布在(3.6~8.4)m^(3)/h范围内时,随着进液量的增加,注气口处压力逐渐增大,混合液内各相介质的轴向速度与径向速度均有显著提高,旋流器轴心处的油相体积分数明显增大,旋流器的分离效率从64%增至77.9%。

城乡融合发展背景下人口流动对流出地居民健康水平的影响

健康是人力资本的重要组成部分,是促进人的全面发展的必然要求,是经济社会发展的基础条件,也是推进共同富裕的根本要素。基于1990、2000、2005、2010、2015、2020年中国人口普查和抽样调查数据,利用固定效应回归模型检验了人口流动对流出地居民健康水平的影响。研究发现:无论是否加入人口、经济和社会方面的控制变量,人口流动对流出地居民健康水平均具有负向影响,在稳健性检验下结论依旧成立。进一步分析作用机制可以发现,人口流动通过流出地老龄化效应、流入地健康透支效应、流出地经济发展滞缓效应影响着居民健康。基于上述结论,从构建跨空间协作的健康保障联动机制、建立健全覆盖流动人口全流动周期的健康跟踪服务体系、深化流动人口全面健康服务工作三个方面提出相关建议,为国家和地方政府更有效地推动“健康中国”建设和实现共同富裕提供参考。

激动标测和起搏标测联合指引下解剖消融治疗特发性右室流出道室性早搏的效果

目的探讨激动标测和起搏标测联合指引下解剖消融治疗特发性右室流出道(RVOT)室性早搏的临床价值。方法回顾性分析2023年1—10月在郑州大学第一附属医院心血管内科和许昌市中心医院心血管内科住院接受室性早搏射频消融术的36例患者的资料,经电生理检查证实室性早搏来源于RVOT,根据术中室性早搏数量多少灵活采用激动标测和或起搏标测找到靶点进行对应肺动脉根部瓣下和瓣上联合消融,分析该方法即刻及3个月成功率。结果术中室性早搏数量少的患者也可以快速有效地进行导管消融术并取得满意的远期效果。结论激动标测和起搏标测联合指引下解剖消融治疗特发性RVOT室性早搏临床可行,效果较好。

反冲洗对4种换炭模式下生物活性炭层生物量和水质指标的影响

以水厂砂滤池出水作为生物活性炭柱的反冲洗水,研究了4种换炭模式下反冲洗前后炭层中生物量和出水水质指标的变化情况。结果表明,旧炭(已经运行使用3年的颗粒炭)的装填比例对炭层中生物量和出水水质指标均有不同程度的影响。通常情况下,全新炭柱上的生物量略高于旧炭,但反冲洗后旧炭比例高的炭柱生物量损失率更低。气水先后反冲洗后总生物量的损失率比单独水冲后总生物量的损失大,但附着生物量的损失基本不变,说明生物活性炭池可尝试使用单独水反冲洗。除高锰酸盐指数(COD_(Mn))变化不明显外,紫外吸光度(UV_(254))、可溶性有机碳(DOC)、生物可降解溶解性有机碳(BDOC)、生物不可降解溶解性有机碳(NBDOC)和三卤甲烷生成潜能(THMFP)的去除率在反冲洗后均有不同程度的上升。因此,反冲洗有利有弊,它既能冲刷掉部分附着在活性炭上的生物膜,对生物的冲刷力较强,同时又能恢复活性炭的吸附能力,使有机物的去除效果增强。反冲洗对填装精制新炭的4#炭柱炭层的吸附容量的恢复力最强,但其生物量的损失率却最大,说明相对于填装粗制新炭的3#炭柱,4#炭柱上的生物系统抵抗水力冲刷能力相对较弱,因此,精制或粗制炭的选择应根据活性炭池是主要发挥其吸附能力还是生物降解能力的需要进行。

基于PIPEPHASE的苏南采出水外输系统模拟研究

采出水外输是各大气田生产过程中保证气田产量和完善气田开发效果的重要途径。苏南气田采出水外输系统是一个复杂的流体网络系统,系统需要在不同状态下对外输方式进行调整。基于集气站、输水阀室、输水管线、处理厂的空间分布和拓扑结构关系,利用PIPEPHASE稳态多相流模拟计算软件,建立包含管网设施和参数的气田采出水外输系统模型;通过黏密度检测分析、阴阳离子色谱实验等明确了外输系统中的介质组分,进而开展仿真模拟;通过误差修正后的模型开展模拟计算,得出不同状态下各节点单元的压力和流量。结果表明:外部气温变化造成的介质温度改变会对外输系统产生小幅影响,通过对比不同分配分输方式的模拟计算结果与现场生产数据,验证了模型的合理性。研究结果可以为苏南气田现场生产提供参考。

热风红外联合干燥装置均风板的设计与试验

为提高苜蓿干燥过程中的均匀性和热利用效率,设计了一台热风红外联合干燥装置,并进行了干燥腔内均风板结构的优化设计,分析了在侧向进风条件下的不同结构参数对流场均匀性的影响。采用数值分析与试验相结合的方法,通过单因素和正交试验对均风板进行结构参数优化,以均风板级数、孔径、孔径比、开孔率和均风板间距为试验因素,以气流速度的变异系数为评价指标,确定了最佳的结构参数并进行试验验证。仿真结果表明:在结构参数为一级均风板孔径12mm、孔径比0.75、二级均风板开孔率12.57%、两级均风板间距20mm时,整体流场的变异系数最低为6.15%。验证试验结果显示:平均速度的相对偏差为4.92%,流场的变异系数的相对偏差小于2%,空气流速的相对偏差低于12%,气流均化效果明显。研究结果可为苜蓿干燥装置均风板的优化设计提供理论参考。