Previous discussion about the factors of the expanding trend of abandoned cultivation had focused only on universal factors and lacked evaluation of the regionality of the phenomenon. This paper demonstrated the Toraj...Previous discussion about the factors of the expanding trend of abandoned cultivation had focused only on universal factors and lacked evaluation of the regionality of the phenomenon. This paper demonstrated the Toraja’s regional characteristics and the influence of cultural endemism on decision-making about abandoning cultivation by an observation-oriented approach. Based on a causal framework constructed by field observation and geospatial data generation, an adjustment for overt covariates using the multivariate logistic regression model to draw the causal effect from hidden covariates was examined in two rice terraces with different water systems, i.e. irrigated field and rain-fed field. The result of sub-group analysis revealed that decisions about abandoning cultivation in Toraja were greatly associated with disadvantageous factors for intensive farming, i.e. “number of adjacent fields” and “soil erosion” rather than advantageous factors, i.e. “area of field” and “distance to roads”. Moreover, the result of interaction analysis which controlled the effect of topography revealed the powerful effect of particular decision factors only in rain-fed rice terrace: the “distance to roads” factor’s fairly negative contribution on abandoning cultivation (Odds ratio = 9.94E - 01, P value = 2.03E - 11), as well as the “number of adjacent field” factor’s positive contribution on abandoning cultivation (Odds ratio = 1.13E+00, P value = 3.65E - 04). Given the evidence from the explanation of these results by customary laws and land inheritance system for each site, therefore, it could be concluded that the screening and detection of cultural endemism’s influence was achieved using the algorithm this paper proposes.展开更多
The Moon is a potential new platform for Earth observation.The advantages of its large-scale observational scope,long temporal duration,and multi-layer detecting of the Earth will undoubtedly advance our understanding...The Moon is a potential new platform for Earth observation.The advantages of its large-scale observational scope,long temporal duration,and multi-layer detecting of the Earth will undoubtedly advance our understanding of the Earth system.To carry out the observations from a Moon-based optical sensor,the geolocation error caused by exterior orientation elements need to be investigated.This paper analyses the error effects of exterior orientation elements on geolocation for an optical sensor.To estimate the error,we present a geometric image model and utilise some parameters to measure the image offsets.Through a large number of numerical simulations,the results demonstrate that the image offsets are not obvious influenced by the distance and observation angle at mid-high latitude of the Moon and have linear correlation with the increasing errors of the exterior orientation elements.Further,the relationship between the spatial resolution and errors of exterior orientation elements are revealed.Finally,the error characteristics for Moon-based Earth observation are discussed.It is expected that the conclusion drawn in this paper could support the study of a Moon-based Earth observation optical sensor.展开更多
Feature aided design of estimators and guidance laws can significantly improve the interception performance of the terminal guidance system. The achieved enhancement can be effectively assessed by observability analys...Feature aided design of estimators and guidance laws can significantly improve the interception performance of the terminal guidance system. The achieved enhancement can be effectively assessed by observability analysis methods. This paper first analyzes and discusses the existing assessment methods in a typical endgame scenario with target orientation observations. To get over their deficiencies, a novel singular value decomposition（SVD） method is proposed. Employing both theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the proposed method can represent the degree of state observability which is enhanced by integrating target features more completely and quantitatively.展开更多
文摘Previous discussion about the factors of the expanding trend of abandoned cultivation had focused only on universal factors and lacked evaluation of the regionality of the phenomenon. This paper demonstrated the Toraja’s regional characteristics and the influence of cultural endemism on decision-making about abandoning cultivation by an observation-oriented approach. Based on a causal framework constructed by field observation and geospatial data generation, an adjustment for overt covariates using the multivariate logistic regression model to draw the causal effect from hidden covariates was examined in two rice terraces with different water systems, i.e. irrigated field and rain-fed field. The result of sub-group analysis revealed that decisions about abandoning cultivation in Toraja were greatly associated with disadvantageous factors for intensive farming, i.e. “number of adjacent fields” and “soil erosion” rather than advantageous factors, i.e. “area of field” and “distance to roads”. Moreover, the result of interaction analysis which controlled the effect of topography revealed the powerful effect of particular decision factors only in rain-fed rice terrace: the “distance to roads” factor’s fairly negative contribution on abandoning cultivation (Odds ratio = 9.94E - 01, P value = 2.03E - 11), as well as the “number of adjacent field” factor’s positive contribution on abandoning cultivation (Odds ratio = 1.13E+00, P value = 3.65E - 04). Given the evidence from the explanation of these results by customary laws and land inheritance system for each site, therefore, it could be concluded that the screening and detection of cultural endemism’s influence was achieved using the algorithm this paper proposes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.41590852]the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS[Grant No.QYZDY-SSW-DQC026]the Director Graduate Student Foundation of Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth,Chinese Academy of Sciences[Grant No.Y7SY1400CX].
文摘The Moon is a potential new platform for Earth observation.The advantages of its large-scale observational scope,long temporal duration,and multi-layer detecting of the Earth will undoubtedly advance our understanding of the Earth system.To carry out the observations from a Moon-based optical sensor,the geolocation error caused by exterior orientation elements need to be investigated.This paper analyses the error effects of exterior orientation elements on geolocation for an optical sensor.To estimate the error,we present a geometric image model and utilise some parameters to measure the image offsets.Through a large number of numerical simulations,the results demonstrate that the image offsets are not obvious influenced by the distance and observation angle at mid-high latitude of the Moon and have linear correlation with the increasing errors of the exterior orientation elements.Further,the relationship between the spatial resolution and errors of exterior orientation elements are revealed.Finally,the error characteristics for Moon-based Earth observation are discussed.It is expected that the conclusion drawn in this paper could support the study of a Moon-based Earth observation optical sensor.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61101186)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(20134307110012)
文摘Feature aided design of estimators and guidance laws can significantly improve the interception performance of the terminal guidance system. The achieved enhancement can be effectively assessed by observability analysis methods. This paper first analyzes and discusses the existing assessment methods in a typical endgame scenario with target orientation observations. To get over their deficiencies, a novel singular value decomposition（SVD） method is proposed. Employing both theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the proposed method can represent the degree of state observability which is enhanced by integrating target features more completely and quantitatively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51627802)the Inner Mongolia Science and Technology Revitalization Project,China(No.XM2020BT14)。
