Interactive Generalization on Large-Scale Topographical Map Supported by a Database Platform

This paper makes astudy on the interactive digital gener-alization, where map generalizationcan be divided into intellective reason-ing procedure and operational proce-dure, which are done by human andcomputer, respectively. And an inter-active map generalization environmentfor large scale topographic map is thendesigned and realized. This researchfocuses on: ① the significance of re-searching an interactive map generali-zation environment, ② the features oflarge scale topographic map and inter-active map generalization, ③ the con-struction of map generalization-orien-ted database platform.

Calculation of the Standard Model Parameters and Particles Based on a SU(4) Preon Model

This paper describes an extension and a new foundation of the Standard Model of particle physics based on a SU(4)-force called hyper-color, and on preon subparticles. The hyper-color force is a generalization of the SU(2)-based weak interaction and the SU(1)-based right-chiral self-interaction, in which the W-and the Z-bosons are Yukawa residual-field-carriers of the hyper-color force, in the same sense as the pions are the residual-field-carriers of the color SU(3) interaction. Using the method of numerical minimization of the SU(4)-action based on this model, the masses and the inner structure of leptons, quarks and weak bosons are calculated: the mass results are very close to the experimental values. We calculate also precisely the value of the Cabibbo angle, so the mixing matrices of the Standard model, CKM matrix for quarks and PMNS matrix for neutrinos can also be calculated. In total, we reduce the 29 parameters of the Standard Model to a total of 7 parameters.

A sample of galaxy pairs identified from the LAMOST spectral survey and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

A small fraction （〈 10%） of the SDSS main galaxy （MG） sample has not been targeted with spectroscopy due to the effect of fiber collisions. These galaxies have been compiled into the input catalog of the LAMOST ExtraGAlactic Surveys and named the complementary galaxy sample. In this paper, we introduce this project and status of the spectroscopies associated with the complementary galaxies in the first two years of the LAMOST spectral survey （till Sep. of 2014）. Moreover, we present a sample of 1102 galaxy pairs identified from the LAMOST complementary galaxies and SDSS MGs, which are defined as two members that have a projected distance smaller than 100 h^-01kpc and a recessional velocity difference smaller than 500 km s-1. Compared with galaxy pairs that are only selected from SDSS, the LAMOST- SDSS pairs have the advantages of not being biased toward large separations and therefore act as a useful supplement in statistical studies of galaxy interaction and galaxy merging.

Forming different planetary systems

With the increasing number of detected exoplanet samples, the statistical properties of planetary systems have become much clearer. In this review, we sum- marize the major statistical results that have been revealed mainly by radial velocity and transiting observations, and try to interpret them within the scope of the classical core-accretion scenario of planet formation, especially in the formation of different orbital architectures for planetary systems around main sequence stars. Based on the different possible formation routes for different planet systems, we tentatively classify them into three major catalogs： hot Jupiter systems, standard systems and distant giant planet systems. The standard systems can be further categorized into three sub-types under different circumstances： solar-like systems, hot Super-Earth systems, and sub- giant planet systems. We also review the theory of planet detection and formation in binary systems as well as planets in star clusters.

The Long-term Survival Chances of Young Massive Star Clusters

We review the long-term survival chances of young massive star clusters （YMCs）, hallmarks of intense starburst episodes often associated with Violent galaxy interactions. We address the key question as to whether at least some of these YMCs can be considered protoglobular clusters （GCs）, in which case these would be expected to evolve into counterparts of the ubiquitous old GCs believed to be among the oldest galactic building blocks. In the absence of significant external perturbations, the key factor determining a cluster＇s long-term survival chances is the shape of its stellar initial mass function （IMF）. It is, however, not straightforward to assess the IMF shape in unresolved extragalactic YMCs. We discuss in detail the promise of using high-resolution spectroscopy to make progress towards this goal, as well as the numerous pitfalls associated with this approach. We also discuss the latest progress in worldwide efforts to better understand the evolution of entire cluster systems, the disruption processes they are affected by, and whether we can use recently gained insights to determine the nature of at least some of the YMCs observed in extragalactic starbursts as proto-GCs. We conclude that there is an increasing body of evidence that GC formation appears to be continuing until today; their long-term evolution crucially depends on their environmental conditions, however.

A study on volunteer augmentation navigation technology

Navigation augmentation technology is one of the most common methods to increase the continuity,reliability and integrity of the global satellite navigation system.The concept of volunteer augmentation navigation (VNA) is proposed and the elements and topological structure of VNA are also analyzed in this paper.The study focuses on the neural network model that volunteers and ordinary users use modern communication information network to exchange self-organizing information.The neural cell model of Volunteer Augmentation Navigation using shared information is built.Thus interactive general relative positioning is realized.Then basic theories and methods of volunteer augmentation navigation are formed on the basis of the above-mentioned study.This study of realization mechanism of volunteer augmentation technology helps to form a relatively integral architecture of volunteer augmentation navigation.A user self-service satellite navigation augmentation which combines information exchange and navigation services may strengthen the continuity,reliability and integrity of the navigation system.The volunteer augmentation navigation theory proposed in this paper improves the traditional satellite navigation application model and expands the connotation and denotation of satellite navigation augmentation methods.

Ryanodine receptor-protein regulator interaction revealed a general molecular mechanism of channel inhibition

Ryanodine receptors (RyR) are the major Ca2+ release channels in both cardiac and skeletal muscle, they play a crucial role in the Ca2+ signaling pathway that govern the