Analysis of China’s Sports Diplomacy Path from the Perspective of Soft Power

“When a country prospers,sports thrive.”Building a strong sports country is an important connotation of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Actively engaging in sports diplomacy from the perspective of soft power can expand a country’s international influence,promote friendly cooperation between nations,and enhance the overall image of the country.This article analyzes the concepts of soft power and sports diplomacy and explores the path of China’s sports diplomacy from four aspects:promoting diverse subjects,expanding propaganda channels,optimizing underlying design,and actively participating in competitions.

China's Anti-epidemic Diplomacy Boosts Global Public Health Governance

In 2020 with a pandemic sweeping the world,global political and economic orders seriously disrupted and tens of millions of human lives threatened,the spread of the novel coronavirus is the world's number one challenge.China has efficiently organized domestic epidemic control and vigorously promoted international cooperation in the battle against the pandemic by advancing head-of-state diplomacy.In this ongoing crisis,China has actively led the way for global public health governance,promoted the building of a community with common health for mankind,and demonstrated the actions of a responsible major country.

The Impact of Culture on Diplomacy and How to Bridge Cultural Gaps in Diplomacy

With the sudden change of the political structure in the world and the acceleration of the globalization,the impact of culture on diplomacy is becoming increasingly obvious.Especially some conflicts in the diplomacy have made it more important to study and analyze the international relations from a cultural perspective.Culture can be the cause of misunderstanding in diplomatic negotiation,but it can also be a very useful tool and instrument for global public diplomacy.Culture as a"soft power" should be used as the key in the diplomacy to bridge the cultural gaps,reduce conflict and misunderstanding and lead to the common goal of peace and development.

China's Seaport Diplomacy: Theories and Practice

China has developed a new chain of commercial seaports along the Maritime Silk Road. These ports are unlike those used by overseas military bases of the United States. While the former focuses on the economic development of China and other involved countries through investment, trade, infrastructure construction and international shipping center development, the latter is at the service of the U.S. security strategy underpinned by goals to strengthen alliances, fight terrorism, expand influence and support proxies. China has gained extensive experience from its seaport reform. Opening-up programs like the "Shekou model" promote business opportunities in addition to the essential services, and define the port area as the "frontier", the industrial park as the "middle ground", and the port city as the "backyard". Based on such experience, China is ready to contribute to the development, peace and stability of emerging countries along the Maritime Silk Road and explore seaport diplomacy with Chinese resilience, diligence and foresight. China's seaport diplomacy is market-oriented and involves companies as key players. It is also supported by government coordination. Seaport diplomacy has increased connectivity and interdependence between countries and regions along the Maritime Silk Road, and helps avoid the "zero-sum game" and the "core-peripheral" asymmetrical relationship of dependence. China's participation in the development of seaports along the Maritime Silk Road has facilitated the industrialization process of the countries involved and benefited local communities. This approach stands in sharp contrast to the maritime militarization and democratization pursued by some Western countries. Nevertheless, China's participation in the development of seaports along the Maritime Silk Road also faces economic, legal, political, and security risks. Thus, caution should be given to the tendency to politicize China's seaport development.

Still Water Runs Deep:On Practices of Innovative Development in People-to-People Diplomacy of Henan

In recent years,Henan sticks to the points of General Secretary Xi Jinping,makes full use of its rich resources and relations,makes efforts to deepen friendship with people around the world,promotes relations with foreign countries,pushes

An Analysis of Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Mechanism in China’s Neighboring Diplomacy

The Indochina Peninsula is of special and important significance to China's geopolitical strategy,which is the foothold of China's strategy in Southeast Asia and even the whole Asia-Pacific region,as well as the strategic springboard of*China s global development.In 2016,China led the establishment of the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation mechanism,and achieved remarkable results in terms of institutional development,project implementation and the construction of international relations among member states in the short term.The establishment and rapid development of the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation is based on member states,strong willingness to cooperate.It also benefits from the rational design of their institutional structures,geographical advantages,strong and complementary economies,and close sociocultural similarities.On the other hand,the further development of the Lancang?Mekong Cooperation is facing many risks and challenges as a result of the complexities of the internal environment of the Indochina Peninsula and the geopolitical competition of extraterritorial forces in the region.In this regard,China should make more efforts to improve relevant institutional arrangements for the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation,broaden the areas and enrich the content of cooperation,coordinate with extraterritorial forces and increase the number of stakeholders.

Theory and Practice of Major Country Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics:Inheritance, Innovation, and Development

As economic globalization and multi-polarization continue to develop worldwide,the international order is undergoing profound and complex changes,supporting more extensive peaceful development and instances of win-win cooperation.The collective rise of the emerging major countries is prompting the construction of a fair,rational new international order in politics and economy.In this context,China is a major force for world peace and the common development of the entire world,and the central leadership of the Chinese Communist Party(CCP),with Xi Jinping at its core has proposed a series of new concepts,modes of thinking,and strategies in relation to governance and administration,taking into account both the domestic and the international situation.Xi's perspective on diplomacy emerged from the theory and practice of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics and is the outcome of the combination of the universal principle of Marxism with the specific practice of major country diplomacy in China,and constitutes a major component of Xi's thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.In his report to the 19th National Congress of the CCP,General Secretary Xi proposed to develop a community with a shared concept of the future for humanity to forge a new form of international relations,featuring mutual respect,fairness,justice,and win-win cooperation.1 This shows the constructive role China is playing in the peaceful development of the world,actively participating in and leading global governance and safeguarding the stability of the international order,thus laying the basis in discourse for the theory and practice of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics for a new era.

Advancing Public Diplomacy during Cold Sino-Japan Relations A Case Study of the Confucius Institute at Ritsumeikan

Tense political relations are seen as a barrier to China's public diplomacy with Japan.Despite various setbacks,Confucius Institutes,a classic example of public diplomacy,have continued to stay open in Japan.This paper uses the Confucius Institute at Ritsumeikan(CIR) as a case study to explore how public diplomacy can be carried out when political relations between China and Japan are cold.It concludes that cold political relations do not necessarily mean public diplomacy will fail.Good cooperation with Japanese partners can bring positive results.Also,choosing the right partner is important;government "interference" should be avoided.Finally,China should deal with each Confucius Institute differently,and Japanese universities' enthusiasm should be stimulated through encouragement and retreat mechanisms.

Forge Ahead with Major-Country Diplomacy with Chinese Features

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China's diplomacy has progressed toward major achievements in ideological concepts, strategic operations and practical innovation. In its role as responsible major power, China achieved fruitful results in building generally stable major-country relationships for balanced development. It remains actively involved in hotspot issues in its surrounding area, with Korea, India and the South China Sea especially, to defuse tension. Amid a diminished willingness of many countries to participate in serious global problems, and with difficulties facing multilateral regimes, China was proactive, holding multilateral summits and hosting diplomacy platforms to cope with worldwide challenges and to gather international consensus on safeguarding world peace and seeking common development. The 19th Party Congress gained unprecedented international attention. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has taken on a new look, and China's diplomacy will continue progressing toward a favorable external environment for the country's development.

Chinese science diplomacy in Arctic climate governance based on a survey and interviews with Chinese scientists

Science diplomacy is attracting increasing attention in the international relations literature.This study investigates how Chinese scientists understand this term and explores China’s dynamic praxis in Arctic climate governance.It conducts a theoretical and practical examination of science diplomacy in terms of three dimensions—science in diplomacy,diplomacy for science,and science for diplomacy—thus achieving a high degree of consistency.A multi-method approach,combining qualitative and quantitative research methodologies and involving the adoption of a literature review,participant interviews,and questionnaires,is adopted.Data were collected from interviews with 16 Chinese scientists involved in Arctic climate governance and from 130 valid questionnaires collected from Chinese natural scientists working in the climate change field.Drawing on qualitative and quantitative findings,the study reveals that the three-dimensional framework of science diplomacy can provide insight into Chinese scientists’understandings of the topic.In contrast to the participants’vague theoretical responses,the outlines of China’s Arctic climate governance can be clearly identified within this framework.The study concludes by underlining the tension between theory and practice in terms of science diplomacy and highlighting the emerging challenges for China in developing its Arctic science diplomacy against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia-Ukraine conflict.Moreover,it is suggested that,to further develop China’s Arctic science diplomacy,it is vital to take account of the deficiencies in China’s science diplomacy.The study’s empirical results contribute to an understanding of the dynamic nature of science diplomacy in the Chinese context.

China’s Partnership Diplomacy in the Middle East

Since the end of the Cold War,China has gradually formulated a global and multi-dimensional partnership network.China’s partnership diplomacy in the Middle East is a crucial component of said network,including partners in the Persian Gulf,the Eastern Mediterranean Sea,the Red Sea and the Maghreb region.Based on their level of importance to China,these countries can be roughly divided into four categories,namely"pivot states,""node states,""key states"and"stronghold states,"which constitute the portfolio of China’s partnership diplomacy in the region.In prospect,China’s partnership diplomacy will be evolving from bilateral cooperation to multilateral consultation,from partnership with sovereign states to that with international organizations,and from state-based partnership to issue-oriented partnership.

Adjusting China's Diplomacy toward the US

Taking a look at the Trump administration's foreign policy decisions over the course of the last year,they indicate a certain strategy as well as unpredictable tactics.China should tackle not only diplomacy strategy but also get to grips with the details of China's US policy.The Trump administration is familiar with China's diplomatic model,so the prevention of tactical rigidities and an adjustment of behavior patterns is required.

Guidance for Pursuing Major-country Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics for the New Era

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)held in November 2012,General Secretary Xi Jinping has used his profound understanding of the general development trends of China and the world in the new era to creatively put forward a series of new ideas,concepts,and strategies for China’s diplomacy and make some theoretical and practical innovations in China’s diplomacy,all of which have shaped his thought on diplomacy.His thought on diplomacy has positively responded to the new historical juncture in China’s development,unforeseen and drastic global changes in a century,and historical changes in China’s relations with the world.Further,it has elaborated on strategic objectives,basic principles,major approaches,and fundamental guarantees for China’s major-country diplomacy with its own characteristics for the new era,which highlights advocating lasting peace,boosting sustainable development,promoting equal cooperation,and achieving reciprocal and win-win results as its distinct attributes.Xi Jinping Thought on diplomacy and on socialism are an important part of his thought with Chinese characteristics for the new era,which has helped the Party deepen its understanding of the rules of the new type of major-country diplomacy,draw up a grand blueprint for major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics for the new era,and provide fundamental guidance for China’s diplomacy in a new era to achieve innovative development.

Palestinian Nation Branding via Public Diplomacy

The term“branding”is still contested when linked to nations;colleagues in Palestine would argue that the term“promotion”could be of a more positive impact;in fact,this paper will examine this issue as scholars automatically link“branding”to products,business,and trade.It is not easy to imagine the nation as a brand;a nation cannot re-make itself,like a company launching a new product.Branding a nation is inspired by its national identity which started to evolve with the evolution of the nation states;it heavily relies on people’s attachment to a shared land,shared history,shared language,shared culture,religion,clothing,behaviours,values,attitudes,or positions in dealing with internal and external variables.It is crucial to distinguish the identity for a nation which is usually done through studying the elements depending on which a nation promotes itself using public diplomacy.Public diplomacy is a soft power’s key instrument which we cannot ignore;in soft power,the narrative and the reality have to reflect each other.A nation’s identity is partly inherited from history and partly a continuing construction;there are aspects of national reputation which can be altered,for better or worse,by choice of actions,words,and images.Even the inherited parts of national reputation are open to revision as time goes by,states have gun a long way in their nation branding and Palestine cannot remain indifferent.This paper aims to address the importance of Palestinian national branding and to further shed light on how this could be done.Based on examples of other successful countries―case studies,the paper shall introduce a number of elements that shape a national identity;those elements are expected to inspire scholars and policy-makers in determining what is worth promoting in Palestine that would lead to successful branding of Palestine as a nation.In branding for Portugal,Cristiano Ronaldo,the soccer player was determined to be a national brand;the Portuguese chose to brand themselves with his initials CR7.Today,if you read,hear,or visit Portugal,you will find a lot related to CR7,whether we like soccer or not,CR became an attractive brand for his country.For their nation branding,Portuguese chose tourism,cuisine,culture,and sports rather than their history of conquering the world,and this paper will be inspired by this example and others.In Palestine,not much work had been put on nation branding;therefore,this paper will introduce the concepts and will try to examine how important it is for serving the national cause and the strategic national goals,in doing so,the paper will try to answer the following questions:What is nation branding?How is public diplomacy related to nation branding?Can public diplomacy replace nation branding?What is the image of Palestine and Palestinians abroad?How are we seen by others vs.how do we wish to be seen?Does Israel play a role in branding Palestine and Palestinians internationally?Is it important to consider a national brand/s for Palestine?What is the Palestine that we aspire to promote?

The Shortest Way to a Nation’s Heart: Culinary Diplomacy Patterns Among Egyptians

Savoring food is capable of triggering tangible and vivid emotional interactions that transcend language and geographical boundaries.Culinary diplomacy represents one of the most enthusiastic instruments of cultural diplomacy.Culinary diplomacy,gastrodiplomacy under certain contexts,is outlined as using food and national cuisine to create multicultural connections,with the aim of improving communication and long-term cultural understanding.Research on Egyptian youth’s acculturation with respect to food attitudes,habits,and environment is very limited.Hence,this study examines the role of culinary diplomacy as a public diplomacy instrument aiming to enhance foreign publics’perceptions.This study analyzes the usage of culinary diplomacy as a means to develop an edible nation-brand,reflected in foreign publics’behavior,perceptions,and consumption patterns.A quantitative survey has been distributed among Egyptians to assess and evaluate their perception,attitude,and behavior towards the use of food as a public diplomacy tool and its tagged symbolic connotations,ideas,values,identities,and behavior.

Japan’s Politics and Diplomacy after DPJ Took Power

Great changes occurred to the Japanese power structure as DPJ had taken power. The new government in Japan is now headed by DPJ and its alliance–Social Democratic Party and People's New Party, substituting for LDP-Komeito coalition government, an alternation of two conservative parties, though not in a strict sense of the two-party alternation. The election intensified the conservative politics in general, though different from the hawk conservative force in the post-cold war period. The Japanese political currents see a trend of 'de-rightwardization'. This will help to improve Japan’s relations with its Asian neighbors. Yukio Hatoyama calls for building 'fraternity society' and fostering 'fraternity' spirit in diplomatic affairs. He is for the view of attaching equal importance to U.S. and Asia.

Panda Diplomacy Promoting the Integration of Culture and lourism"HELLO,WORLD!China Panda Painting Art Exhibition"in Thailand

China and Thailand are geographically neighbors,intimately related in history and culturally connected.Their friendship and exchanges can be traced back to the ancient time.