The interface is crucial for perovskite solar cells(PSCs).However,voids at interfaces induced by the trapped hygroscopic dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)can reduce charge extraction and accelerate the film degradation,serious...The interface is crucial for perovskite solar cells(PSCs).However,voids at interfaces induced by the trapped hygroscopic dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)can reduce charge extraction and accelerate the film degradation,seriously damaging the efficiency and stability.In this work,4,4’-dinonyl-2,2’-dipyridine(DN-DP),a Lewis base with long alkyl chains is introduced to solve this problem.Theoretical calculated and experimental results confirm that the dipyridyl group on DN-DP can more strongly coordinate with Pb^(2+)than that of the S=O group on DMSO.The strong coordination effect plays a crucial role in removing the DMSO-based adduct and reducing the formation of voids.Due to the electron-donating properties of pyridine,the existence of DN-DP in the perovskite film can passivate the defects and optimize the energy level alignment of the perovskite configuration.The open-circuit voltage(VOC)of the DN-DP-based PSC is improved from 1.107 V(control device)to 1.153 V,giving rise to a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of24.02%.Furthermore,benefiting from the moisture resistance stemming from the hydrophobic nonyl group,the PCE retains 90.4%of the initial performance after 1000 h of storage in the ambient condition.展开更多
A novel semi-solid slurry-making process was developed, which was a controlled nucleation and growth technique using a specially designed rotational barrel. Experimental study was undertaken to investigate the effects...A novel semi-solid slurry-making process was developed, which was a controlled nucleation and growth technique using a specially designed rotational barrel. Experimental study was undertaken to investigate the effects of pouring temperature and rotation speed of barrel on the microstructure of A356 alloy. Localized rapid cooling, combined with vigorous mixing during the initial stage of solidification enhanced wall nucleation and nuclei survival. High nuclei density combined with a much gradual cooling afterwards led to the formation of the near-ideal semi-solid slurry under a large processing window for the pouring temperature. Primal. phase presented in mean equivalent diameter of 50-701μm and shape factor of 0.812-0.847, and featured zero-entrapped eutectic.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFB1503200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52002105)+7 种基金the Key Research and Development Plan Project of Anhui Province(2022H11020014)the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XAB2020YW11)the Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center,CAS(2022HSC-CIP006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JZ2021HGTB0105)the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences Director’s Fund(YZJJ201902,YZJJZX202018)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(F2021208014)the Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department(QN2021063)the Science and Technology Research Project for the Colleges and Universities in Hebei Province(QN2022034)。
文摘The interface is crucial for perovskite solar cells(PSCs).However,voids at interfaces induced by the trapped hygroscopic dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)can reduce charge extraction and accelerate the film degradation,seriously damaging the efficiency and stability.In this work,4,4’-dinonyl-2,2’-dipyridine(DN-DP),a Lewis base with long alkyl chains is introduced to solve this problem.Theoretical calculated and experimental results confirm that the dipyridyl group on DN-DP can more strongly coordinate with Pb^(2+)than that of the S=O group on DMSO.The strong coordination effect plays a crucial role in removing the DMSO-based adduct and reducing the formation of voids.Due to the electron-donating properties of pyridine,the existence of DN-DP in the perovskite film can passivate the defects and optimize the energy level alignment of the perovskite configuration.The open-circuit voltage(VOC)of the DN-DP-based PSC is improved from 1.107 V(control device)to 1.153 V,giving rise to a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of24.02%.Furthermore,benefiting from the moisture resistance stemming from the hydrophobic nonyl group,the PCE retains 90.4%of the initial performance after 1000 h of storage in the ambient condition.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50474007)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.0450050)the Science&Technology Project of Education Department of Jiangxi Province(No.GanJiaoJiZi[2005]24).
文摘A novel semi-solid slurry-making process was developed, which was a controlled nucleation and growth technique using a specially designed rotational barrel. Experimental study was undertaken to investigate the effects of pouring temperature and rotation speed of barrel on the microstructure of A356 alloy. Localized rapid cooling, combined with vigorous mixing during the initial stage of solidification enhanced wall nucleation and nuclei survival. High nuclei density combined with a much gradual cooling afterwards led to the formation of the near-ideal semi-solid slurry under a large processing window for the pouring temperature. Primal. phase presented in mean equivalent diameter of 50-701μm and shape factor of 0.812-0.847, and featured zero-entrapped eutectic.
