Interleukin-17A facilitates tumor progression via upregulating programmed death ligand-1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is an inflammation-associated tumor with a dismal prognosis.Immunotherapy has become an important treatment strategy for HCC,as immunity is closely related to inflammation in the tumor microenvir-onment.Inflammation regulates the expression of programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1)in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and affects im-munotherapy efficacy.Interleukin-17A(IL-17A)is involved in the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment and plays a protumor or antitumor role in different tumors.We hypothesized that IL-17A participates in tumor progression by affe-cting the level of immune checkpoint molecules in HCC.The upregulation of PD-L1 expression in HCC cells by IL-17A was assessed by reverse transcription PCR,western blotting,and flow cytometry.Mechanistic studies were conducted with gene knockout models and pathway inhibitors.The function of IL-17A in immune evasion was explored through coculture of T cells and HCC cells.The effects of IL-17A on the malignant biological behaviors of HCC cells were evaluated in vitro,and the antitumor effects of an IL-17A inhibitor and its synergistic effects with a PD-L1 inhibitor were studied in vivo.RESULTS IL-17A upregulated PD-L1 expression in HCC cells in a dose-dependent manner,whereas IL-17A receptor knockout or treatment with a small mothers against decapentaplegic 2 inhibitor diminished the PD-L1 expression induced by IL-17A.IL-17A enhanced the survival of HCC cells in the coculture system.IL-17A increased the viability,G2/M ratio,and migration of HCC cells and decreased the apoptotic index.Cyclin D1,VEGF,MMP9,and Bcl-1 expression increased after IL-17A treatment,whereas BAX expression decreased.The combination of IL-17A and PD-L1 inhibitors showed synergistic antitumor efficacy and increased cluster of differentiation 8+T lymphocyte infiltration in an HCC mouse model.CONCLUSION IL-17A upregulates PD-L1 expression via the IL-17A receptor/phosphorylation-small mothers against decapenta-plegic 2 signaling pathway in HCC cells.Blocking IL-17A enhances the therapeutic efficacy of PD-L1 antibodies in HCC in vivo.

Changes of gastric and intestinal blood flow, serum phospholipase A_2 and interleukin-1β in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis

AIM:To explore the relationship between gastric and intestinal microcirculatory impairment and inflammatory mediators released in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). METHODS: A total of 64 rats were randomized into control group and ANP group. ANP model was induced by injection of 5% sodium taurocholate under the pancreatic membrane. Radioactive biomicrosphere technique was used to measure the gastric and intestinal tissue blood flow at 2 and 12 h after the induction of ANP, meanwhile serum phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activities and interleukin-1β levels were determined. Pathologic changes in pancreas, gastric and intestinal mucosae were studied. RESULTS: The gastric blood flow in ANP group (0.62±0.06 and 0.35±0.05) mL/(min·g) was significantly lower than that in control group (0.86±0.11 and 0.85±0.06) mL/(min·g) (P<0.01) at 2 and 12 h after induction of ANP. The intestinal blood flow in ANP group (0.80±0.07 and 0.50±0.06) mlV(min·g) was significantly lower than that in control group (1.56±0.18 and 1.61±0.11) mL/(min·g) (P<0.01). Serum PLA2 activities (94.29±9.96 and 103.71± 14.40) U/L and IL-1β levels (0.78±0.13 and 0.83±0.20)μg/L in ANP group were higher than those in control group (65.27±10.52 and 66.63±9.81) U/L, (0.32±0.06 and 0.33±0.07)μg/L (P<0.01). At 2 and 12 h after introduction of the model, typical pathologic changes were found in ANP. Compared with control group, the gastric and intestinal mucosal pathologic changes were aggravated significantly (P<0.01) at 12 h after induction of ANP. Gastric and intestinal mucosal necrosis, multiple ulcer and hemorrhage occurred. CONCLUSION: Decrease of gastric and intestinal blood flow and increase of inflammatory mediators occur simultaneously early in ANP, both of them are important pathogenic factors for gastric and intestinal mucosal injury in ANP.

Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase 2 is a functional downstream regulator of complement factor D that controls mitochondrial fitness in diabetic cardiomyopathy

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a disorder of the cardiac muscle that affects patients with diabetes.The exact mechanisms underlying diabetic cardiomyopathy are mostly unknown,but several factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease and its progression towards heart failure,including endothelial dysfunction,autonomic neuropathy,metabolic alterations,oxidative stress,and alterations in ion homeostasis,especially calcium transients[1].In Military Medical Research,Jiang et al.[2]sought to determine the functional role of complement factor D(Adipsin)in the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Expression of Pigment Epithelium-derived Factor in Bladder Tumour Is Correlated with Interleukin-8 yet Not with Interleukin-1α

Pigment epithelium-derived factor （PEDF） is an antiangiogenic factor which is effective in tumour inhibition in a variety of tumours and has not yet been studied in bladder tumour before. In this study the expression of PEDF, interleukin-1α （IL-1α） and -8 （IL-8） in bladder tumours was investigated. Immunohistochemistry was performed on 64 bladder tumour and 23 normal uroepithelium samples. Expression change of the factors was compared with clinicopathological parameters. Correlations between PEDF, IL-1α and IL-8 were analyzed. None of the factors was in relation to gender, tumour occurrence, and size or onset pattern. PEDF （P=0.014） and IL-1α （P=0.049） expression was down-regulated with grade progression. PEDF expression was lower in normal uroepithelium than in papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential （PUNLMP） （P=0.000） and carcinoma （P=0.009） whilst IL-1α （P=0.000 and P=0.000 respectively） and IL-8 （P=0.000 and P=0.023 respectively） expression was higher in the same grouping. PEDF expression had a negative correlation with IL-8 in PUNLMP （P=0.049, r=-0.578） as well as in tumour grouping （P=0.033, r=-0.276）. Deranged expressional change of PEDF, IL-1α and IL-8 could be in relation to loss of differentiation from normal uroepithelium to papillary lesion and eventually to carcinoma.

1BL·1RS染色体对小麦产量和品质相关性状的遗传效应分析

【目的】1BL·1RS易位系在小麦育种中应用广泛。解析不同背景下1BL·1RS染色体对小麦产量和品质相关性状的遗传效应,并分析其在生产中的应用情况,可为高产优质小麦的选育提供参考。【方法】244份自然群体和科农9204、京411为亲本构建的188个重组自交系(KJ-RIL-F8)为试验材料,利用1RS特异性分子标记对其进行基因型鉴定,结合表型数据分析,明确1BL·1RS易位系对产量和品质遗传效应。通过分析1BL·1RS易位系在不同年代审定品种中的占比,明确其在生产中的选择利用情况。【结果】188份KJ-RILs试验材料中有74份为1BL·1RS易位系,其产量相关性状分析表明,1BL·1RS易位系在高低氮条件下均显著延长小麦抽穗期,增加籽粒含氮比、旗叶长和旗叶面积,显著降低穗粒数,而对单株穗数、千粒重和旗叶宽3个性状的影响均不显著;其品质相关性状分析表明,1BL·1RS易位系在高低氮条件下均显著提高小麦的吸水率、湿面筋含量、蛋白质含量和籽粒硬度,而对容重、延展性和沉降值3个性状的影响均不显著。244份自然群体试验材料中,有76份为1BL·1RS易位系,其产量性状效应分析表明,1BL·1RS易位系可以显著增加穗粒数、穗长和小穗数,显著降低株高,而对单株穗数、千粒重、旗叶长、旗叶宽、旗叶面积5个性状的影响均不显著。将244份自然群体试验材料按照不同麦区和品种审定时间进行分类,对1BL·1RS易位系在生产中的应用情况进行分析,结果表明,不同麦区1BL·1RS易位系的占比差异较大,从20世纪90年代开始,1BL·1RS易位系在生产中的选择利用比例开始增加。【结论】高低氮对1BL·1RS易位系的效应影响不明显。1BL·1RS易位系在KJ-RIL群体和自然群体中对产量性状的效应不一致,这可能由于两者遗传背景不同所致。

Analyze interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-αlevels in dry eye and the therapeutic effect of cyclosporine A

BACKGROUND Dry eye is a common eye disease.Artificial tears supplements are widely used for the treatment of dry eyes.However,multiple adverse effects have been observed in patients receiving long-term treatment with artificial tears,which may affect the therapeutic effect.AIM To analyze the characteristics of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)levels in patients with dry eye and the therapeutic effect of artificial tears combined with cyclosporine A.METHODS A total of 124 dry eye patients treated at The First People’s Hospital of Xining from April 2020 to April 2022 were selected as the observation group,while 20 healthy individuals served as the control group during the same period.Levels of inflammatory markers,including IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α,were analyzed.The observation group was further divided into a study group and a control group,each consisting of 62 patients.The control group received artificial tears,whereas the study group received a combination of artificial tears and cyclosporine A.Inflammatory markers,Schirmer’s test(SIT),tear break-up time(TBUT),corneal fluorescein staining(CFS),National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25(NEI-VFQ-25)scores,and adverse events(AEs)were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The observation group exhibited significantly elevated serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αin comparison to the healthy group.Following treatment,the study group demonstrated substantial reductions in IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αlevels relative to the control group.Moreover,after treatment,the study group experienced a marked decrease in CFS scores and significant increases in both SIT and BUT levels when compared to the control group.Additionally,significant improvements were observed in the primary symptom of dry eye and secondary symptoms such as photophobia,foreign body sensation,fatigue,red eye,and burning sensation within the study group.Furthermore,post-treatment NEI-VFQ-25 scores across all dimensions exhibited significant enhancements in the study group compared to the control group(P<0.05).It is noteworthy that significant AEs were reported in both groups throughout the treatment period.CONCLUSION Cyclosporine A combined with artificial tears is effective in treating dry eye,yielding enhanced outcomes by improving SIT and TBUT levels,reducing CFS scores,and ameliorating vision-related quality of life.

Interleukin-1β:Friend or foe for gastrointestinal cancers

Gastrointestinal(GI)cancer is a malignancy arising in the digestive system and accounts for approximately a third of increasing global cancer-related mortality,especially in the colorectum,esophagus,stomach,and liver.Interleukin-1β(IL-1β)is a leukocytic pyrogen recognized as a tumor progression-related cytokine.IL-1βsecretion and maturation in inflammatory responses could be regulated by nuclear factor-kappaB-dependent expression of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3,inflammasome formation,and activation of IL-1 converting enzyme.Several studies have documented the pro-tumorigenic effects of IL-1β in tumor microenvironments,promoting proliferation and metastatic potential of cancer cells in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo.The application of IL-1β inhibitors is also promising for targeted therapy development in some cancer types.However,as a leukocytic pro-inflammatory cytokine,IL-1β may also possess anti-tumorigenic effects and be type-specific in different cancers.This editorial discusses the up-to-date roles of IL-1β in GI cancers,including underlying mechanisms and down-stream signaling pathways.Understanding and clarifying the roles of IL-1β would significantly benefit future therapeutic targeting and help improve therapeutic outcomes in patients suffering from GI cancer.

EFFECT OF INTERLEUKIN-1β ON GROWTH HORMONE GENE EXPRESSION AND ITS POSSIBLE MOLECULAR MECHANISM IN RAT MtT/S SOMATOTROPH CELLS

Objective To elucidate the effect of interleukin-1β （IL- 1β） on human growth hormone （hGH） gene expression in a rat somatotropic pituitary cell line MtT/S. Methods Stably transfected MtT/S cells were firstly established by transfecting 484-Lucl plasmid which contained hGH gene promoter --484 to ＋30 bp and luciferase reporter gene. The effect of IL-1β on hGH gene expression was determined by assaying the luciferase activities. RT-PCR method was also used to determine whether IL-1 recepor mRNA was expressed in MtT/S cells. Results The 10^3 U/mL IL-1β stimulated secretion and synthesis of GH, and promoted the 5＇-promoter activity of GH gene in stably transfected MtT/SGL cells with the action of 1.38 times above the control. Among inhibitors of signaling transduction pathways, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase （MAPKK/MEK） inhibitor PD98059 （40 μmol/L） and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） inhibitor SB203580 （5 μmol/L） completely blocked the stimulatory effect of IL-1μ, and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase （PI3-K） inhibitor LY294002 partly abolished the effect of IL-1μ. Western blot analysis further confirmed the activation of phosphorylated MEK and p38 MAPK in MtT/SGL cells. Neither over-expression of Pit- 1 nor inhibition of Pit- 1 expression affected induction of hGH promoter activity by IL-1μ. A series of deletion constructs of hGH promoter were created to identify the DNA sequence that mediated the effect of IL-1β, and results showed that the stimulatory effect of IL-1β was abolished following deletion of the --196 to -- 132 bp fragment. Conclusions IL-1β promotes GH secretion and synthesis in rat MtT/S somatotroph cells. The stimulatory effect of IL-1β on hGH gene promoter appears to require the activation of MEK, p38 MAPK, PI3-K, and a fragment of promoter sequence that spans the -196 to -132 bp of the gene, but it may be unlinked with Pit-1 protein.

The remedial effect of soluble interleukin-1 receptor type Ⅱ on endometriosis in the nude mouse model

Objective： Recent studies have shown that the local expression of soluble interleukin （IL） -1 receptor type Ⅱ （slL-1 R Ⅱ ） in endometrial tissue of women with endometriosis is decreased, and the depression of IL-1 R Ⅱ was more significant in infertile women than that in fertile women with endometriosis. In this research, we investigated the remedial effect of slL-1-R Ⅱ administration on endometriosis in the nude mouse model. Methods： Nineteen nude model mice with endometriosis were randomly divided into three groups： group A was treated by intraperitoneal administration with only slL-1 R Ⅱ for two weeks, group B was similarly treated with only IL- 1, and group C （control） was administered saline. After 2 weeks, the size of the ectopic endometrial lesions was calculated, and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and B-cell lymphoma leukemia-2 （Bcl- 2） were detected by immunohistochemistry. The IL-8 and VEGF levels in the peritoneal fluid （PF） and serum were also measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Results： The mean size of ectopic endometrial lesion did not differ between the three groups （P 〉 0.05）. Compared with the control, the expression of VEGF and Bcl-2 was significantly lower in group A, and higher in group B. In the three groups, the levels of IL-8 in the PF and serum were highest in group A, and lowest in group B. Conclusion： slL-1 R Ⅱ may suppresse hyperplasia of ectopic endometriosis, perhaps by reducing the expression of certain cytokines, such as VEGF, IL-8, and Bcl-2, which could provide a new clinical strategy for the treatment of endometriosis.

Elevated pancreatic enzymes, IgM, soluble interleukin-2 receptor in anti-GADab(+) type 1 diabetes

Type 1 diabetes can be classified into immune-mediated diabetes (type 1A) and idiopathic diabetes, which lacks immunological evidence for beta cell autoimmunity (type 1B). Type 1A diabetes is characterized by the presence of the anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (anti-GADab). Fulminant type 1 diabetes is classified as type 1B diabetes, and characterized by the absence of anti-GADab, flu-like symptoms, and elevated serum exocrine pancreatic enzymes. We report a type 1 diabetic patient who showed flu-like symptoms, elevated serum exocrine pancreatic enzymes, and an extremely high-titer of anti-GADab, manifesting the characteristics of both type 1A and fulminant type 1 diabetes.

Hypoxia inducible factor 1α promotes interleukin-1 receptor antagonist expression during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury

BACKGROUND Ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI) is a major risk associated with liver surgery and transplantation,and its pathological mechanism is complex.Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist(IL-1ra) can protect the liver from IRI.However,the regulatory mechanism of IL-1ra expression is still unclear.AIM To identify the mechanism that could protect the liver in the early stage of IRI.METHODS To screen the key genes in hepatic IRI,we performed RNA sequencing and gene enrichment analysis on liver tissue from mice with hepatic IRI.Subsequently,we verified the expression and effect of IL-1ra in hepatic IRI.We also used promoter mutagenesis and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay to search for the transcriptional regulatory sites of hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF)-1α.Finally,to explore the protective mechanism of ischemic preconditioning(IP),we examined the expression of HIF-1α and IL-1ra after IP.RESULTS We identified IL-1ra as a key regulator in hepatic IRI.The expression of IL-1ra was significantly upregulated after hepatic IRI both in vivo and in vitro.Furthermore,we found that HIF-1αregulated Il-1ra transcription in response to hypoxia.Increased HIF-1α accumulation promoted IL-1ra expression,whereas inhibition of HIF-1α exhibited the opposite effect.We also confirmed a predominant role for hypoxia response element in the regulation of Il1ra transcription by HIF-1αactivation.Of note,we demonstrated that IP protects against hepatic IRI by inducing IL-1ra expression,which is mediated through HIF-1α.CONCLUSION We demonstrated that ischemia or hypoxia leads to increased expression of IL-1ra through HIF-1α.Importantly,IP protects the liver from IRI via the HIF-1α–IL-1ra pathway.

Interleukin-1 Beta (IL-1<i>β</i>) in the Peripheral Blood of Dogs as a Possible Marker for the Detection of Early Stages of Inflammation

Background: Cytokines are mediators of disease. Expression levels in the blood could be of clinical relevance. Objective: Aim of this study was to show if serum levels of IL-1β could be of any clinical relevance concerning dogs. IL-1β was measured in serum samples of healthy dogs to find a reference range for healthy individuals. Measurements of IL-1β should show if this substance was a possible marker for early stages of inflammation. Therefore, a possible relation between serum levels and grades of leukocytosis was analyzed. Methods: IL-1β concentrations in the blood were assessed by the use of a human enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 39 dogs with different inflammatory diseases were analyzed to figure out if there was a correlation between IL-1β serum levels and the number of leukocytes in peripheral blood. The control group consisted of 16 healthy dogs. Results: about half of the samples IL-1β were detected. Most of the patients showed no detectable amounts of IL-1β. The IL-1β levels measured in the serum were stable for at least nine weeks when stored at ?20?C. The patients tested positively on IL-1β had mostly lower-grade leukocytosis compared to those who had no IL-1β in serum. All the dogs which were suffering from disease but still had no traceable IL-1β, showed a leukocytosis as a common symptom. Conclusion: This study showed that IL-1β could become an interesting marker for the detection of early stages of inflammation when leukocytosis does not yet appear in peripheral blood. Nonetheless, the possible use in diagnosis is restricted. This is due to the fact that there are only low amounts of IL-1β to be detected in the serum, even concerning patients are suffering from disease.

The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1-Ra) and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor I (sTNF RI) in periodontal disease

The course and severity of periodontitis can be significantly affected by bacterial virulence as well as host immunity dysfunction. Periodontal tissue destruction has been proved to result from cascade of cytokines synthesized by reactive cells upon stimulation by pathogenic bacteria and lipopolysaccharides within their cell membranes. The clinical use of genetically programmed cells, producing substances blocking IL-1, based on recombinant IL-1 antagonist, as well as cytokines activating fibroblasts and osteoblasts to regenerate the destroyed periodontal tissue could prove alternative to the conventional treatment. Another cytokine of interest in respect to periodontitis ethiopathogenesis is soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor I (sTNF RI). Observation of soluble TNF receptors as physiologic inhibitors of TNF led to its administration in therapeutic process as well as in therapy selected cases of aggressive periodontitis.

Effect of ultrasound-guided pleural paravertebral block combined with general anesthesia on serum monocyte chemokinin-1, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 levels in patients with early breast cancer after modified radical mastectomy

Objective: To investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided pleural paravertebral block combined with general anesthesia on serum monocyte chemokinin-1 (McP-1), interleukin-6 (il-1) and il-10 levels in patients with early breast cancer after modified radical mastectomy. Methods: A total of 76 patients with early breast cancer from October 2015 to July 2018 were selected from our hospital and divided into study group (n=38) and control group (n=38). The control group received general anesthesia, and the study group received ultrasound-guided paravertebral block combined with general anesthesia. Data of two groups of perioperative situation (PCIA press the number, volume of intraoperative sufentanil and PACU time), preoperative and postoperative 12 h, 24 h serum factor (MCP-1, IL-6, IL-10) level, after 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, 24 h when pain (VAS) score, preoperative (T1), 15 min after the anesthesia (T2), 5 min after surgery (T3) hemodynamic state [heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP)], the incidence of adverse reactions were counted. Results: (1) Perioperative status: PCIA presses, intraoperative dose of sufentanil and PACU duration in the study group were less than those in the control group. (2) Serum factors: there was no significant difference in serum McP-1, il-6 and il-10 levels between the two groups before operation. The serum levels of McP-1, il-6 and il-10 in the two groups 12 h after operation were higher than those before operation. The serum levels of McP-1, il-6 and il-10 in the two groups at 24 h after surgery were significantly lower than those at 12 h after surgery, and the serum levels of McP-1, il-6 and il-10 in the group at 12 h and 24 h after surgery were lower than those of the control group. (3) Pain degree: the VAS score of the study group at 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h and 24 h after surgery was lower than that of the control group. (4) Hemodynamics: there was no significant difference in HR and MAP between the two groups during T1, HR and MAP in T2 were lower than those in T1, but the level of each indicator in the study group was higher than that in the control group. (5) Adverse Reactions: the incidence of adverse reactions was lower in the study group (10.53%) than in the control group (28.95%). Conclusion: The application of ultrasound guided early breast cancer modified radical block complex general anesthesia thoracic vertebra, can reduce the dosage of anesthetic drugs, shorten the PACU, residence time, reduce postoperative pain, maintain stable hemodynamic state, inhibiting inflammatory reaction caused by surgical trauma degree, and can reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, and has safety.

1BL/1RS易位对小麦产量性状和白粉病抗性的影响及其QTL分析

用PH82-2／内乡188杂交后代240个R5：6家系，按照α-lattice设计，分别种植在安阳、焦作和泰安，对产量和抗白粉病等性状进行了考察。利用SSR和蛋白标记对群体进行部分连锁作图，分析1BL／1RS易位对产量及其相关性状的遗传效应。结果表明，1BL／1RS易位系对产量、穗数／m^2和抽穗期的影响不显著；易位系的千粒重和白粉病抗性显著高于非易位系，但株高和穗粒数减少。利用复合区间作图法进行QTL分析，发现1RS携带1个降低株高的微效QTL，位于HVM20～Sec—1标记区间，可解释4．28％的表型变异；1Rs和1BL携带抗白粉病QTL，分别位于HVM20～Sec—1和Xgwm24～Xwmc320标记区间，解释4．81％和4．66％的表型变异。鉴于1BL／1RS易位对产量的正向作用不明显，其主效抗性已丧失。又对加工品质有明显的负向影响，在小麦品质育种上最好不予应用。

1BL/1RS易位系在我国小麦育种中的应用

采用SDS PAGE和SCAR标记对我国小麦主产区近 30年来主要推广品种和新近育成的部分品系共 179份进行了 1BL/ 1RS鉴定 ,结果表明 :我国 2 0世纪 80年代后育成的小麦品种中约 38%为 1BL/ 1RS品种 ,其中北方冬麦区和黄淮冬麦区频率较高 ,分别为 5 9%和 4 2 % ;长江中下游冬麦区和西南冬麦区频率较低 ,均为 2 0 % ;东北春麦区未发现 1BL/ 1RS品种。大多数中、强筋小麦品种不含 1BL/ 1RS。高分子量谷蛋白亚基可能对 1BL/ 1RS对小麦加工品质的负面影响有补偿作用。选育中、强筋小麦品种一般不宜采用 1BL/ 1RS品种作亲本 ,或至少其中一个亲本应是非 1BL/ 1RS品种 ,而且要有较好的HMW GS遗传背景 ;弱筋小麦品种选育也要注意 1BL/

小麦-黑麦1RS/1BL新易位系的创制和分子细胞遗传学鉴定

利用普通小麦(Triticum aestivumL.)品种小偃6号与黑麦(Secale cerealeL.)品种德国白粒杂交,选育出一批带有黑麦抗病性状的小偃6号类型种质材料。应用连续C-分带-基因组原位杂交(sequent C-banding-GISH)技术对上述材料进行染色体组成分析,筛选出2个小麦-黑麦1RS/1BL纯合易位系BC152-1-1和BC01-89-1。其中,BC152-1-1(2n=42)除含有1对1RS/1BL易位染色体外,未见其他染色体变异;BC01-89-1(2n=43)除含有1对1RS/1BL纯合易位染色体外,还附加1条两端缺失的3R染色体。高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成分析和品质分析结果表明,BC152-1-1和BC01-89-1不仅含有来自小偃6号的14+15优质亚基,而且其蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和SDS沉降值等品质性状都得到显著改良。

Glu-1和Glu-3等位变异及1BL/1RS易位与面包和面条品质关系的研究

高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)和低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(LMW-GS)组成和1BL/1RS易位是决定小麦加工品质的关键因素。将试验Ⅰ80份和试验Ⅱ78份国内外小麦品种分别在2种和4种环境条件下种植,研究了HMW-GS和LMW-GS的组成及1BL/1RS易位对面团流变学特性、面包和面条品质的影响。结果表明,Glu-B1、Glu-D1和Glu-B3位点对面团流变学特性、面包和面条品质的效应较大,而Glu-A3位点的效应较小。单个亚基对面筋强度和面包体积的贡献大小为,在Glu-A1位点,1>2*>N;在Glu-B1位点,7+8>7+9;在Glu-D1位点,5+10>4+12>2+12;在Glu-A3位点,Glu-A3d>Glu-A3c>Glu-A3a;在Glu-B3位点,Glu-B3d>Glu-B3f>Glu-B3b>Glu-B3j。单个亚基对延伸性和面条评分的贡献大小为,在Glu-A1位点,1>N;在Glu-B1位点,20>7+9>7+8;在Glu-D1位点,4+12>5+10≥2+12;在Glu-A3位点,Glu-A3c≥Glu-A3d>Glu-A3a;在Glu-B3位点,Glu-B3b≥Glu-B3f>Glu-B3d>Glu-B3j。1BL/1RS易位对面团流变学特性、面包和面条品质皆有极显著的负面影响。

1BL/1RS易位对小麦加工品质的影响

分析了 138份国内小麦品种和 14份国外优质品种的 1BL 1RS易位状况和高低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成 ,并将其中的 78个品种连续两年在两地种植 ,研究了 1BL 1RS易位对小麦籽粒品质和面条品质的影响。结果表明 ,1BL 1RS易位品种的优质高、低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基出现频率显著低于非 1BL 1RS易位品种 ;1BL 1RS易位主要影响面团稳定时间、抗拉伸阻力、延伸性和拉伸面积等反映蛋白质质量的性状 ,使面筋质量显著降低 ,而对籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和吸水率等主要反映蛋白质数量的性状影响较小 ,对多数淀粉性状的影响也不明显 ;1BL 1RS易位使小麦面条品质显著变劣。

用Glu-B3、Gli-B1和SEC-1b复合引物PCR检测普通小麦1BL/1RS易位系

利用低分子量 (LMW )麦谷蛋白Glu B3的STS PCR标记、醇溶蛋白Gli B1的SSR标记和黑麦碱SEC 1b的STS PCR标记的复合PCR ,对 10个普通小麦品种、中优 950 7/CA963 2的 91个DH系和 2 8个F2 个体植株 ,进行了1BL/1RS易位系的检测。结果表明 ,中优 950 7/CA963 2的 3 9个DH系和CA963 2、晋麦 45、兰考 2 4、烟农 18、京冬 8等5个品种缺失 2个小麦贮藏蛋白位点的PCR产物 ,而拥有黑麦碱的PCR产物。利用PAGE和ELISA方法 ,对上述品种 (系 )进行了黑麦碱 (secalin)蛋白的检测 ,发现这些品种 (系 )均包含secalin ,与分子标记的检测结果吻合 ,是 1BL/1RS易位系。对 2 8个F2 单株的检测表明 ,该复合标记可以检测出早代