Aim The expression of α3 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor （α3-nAChR） has been demonstra- ted in aorta, adipocyte and macrophage. The objective of the present study was to verify the regulatory roles of ...Aim The expression of α3 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor （α3-nAChR） has been demonstra- ted in aorta, adipocyte and macrophage. The objective of the present study was to verify the regulatory roles of α3- nAChR in the inflammatory responses of atherosclerosis. Methods The inflammatory indicators were detected in mouse macrophage, adipocytes and mouse aortic endothelial cells （MAECs） after the α3-nAChR was antagonized or after the α3-nAChR gene was silenced. Meanwhile, atherogenesis was induced in the apolipoprotein E knock-out （ ApoE^ -/- ） mice after fed with an atherogenic high-fat diet for 7 weeks. Results In MAECs, the lipopolysaccha- ride （LPS）-stimulated secretions of the adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines were significantly enhanced （30%± 80% ） after pretreatment with α-Conotoxin MII （an antagonist for α3-nAChR） or after knock-down with α3-nAChR gene. In adipocytes, the knock-down of α3 gene promoted the generations of the proin？ ammatory adi- pokines or cytokines but decreased the production of adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory adipokine, by 29.29 ± 9.43%. In macrophage silenced with α3-nAChR gene, the M1 （classical） activation was predominantly stimula- ted, whereas the M2 （alternative） activation was suppressed. In addition, the amount of the atherosclerotic lesions and the infiltration of the M1 type activated macrophages into the arterial wall were markedly elevated in the α- Conotoxin MII-treated ApoE -/- mice. Conclusion The α3-nAChR may play a pivotal role in regulating the atherogenesis through influencing the inflammatory responses of ECs, macrophages and adipocytes. The mecha- nisms involve the regulations of multiple cell signaling pathways.展开更多
目的:通过建立星形胶质细胞机械性损伤模型,研究烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体α7亚单位(α7nAChR)在创伤性脑损伤后星形胶质细胞炎症反应中的作用及调控机制。方法:建立星形胶质细胞机械性损伤模型,通过ELISA检测炎症因子IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-10和...目的:通过建立星形胶质细胞机械性损伤模型,研究烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体α7亚单位(α7nAChR)在创伤性脑损伤后星形胶质细胞炎症反应中的作用及调控机制。方法:建立星形胶质细胞机械性损伤模型,通过ELISA检测炎症因子IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-10和TGF-β的表达;利用α7n ACh R抑制剂α-BGT和激动剂PHA-543613处理星形胶质细胞,检测相关炎症因子表达,并通过Western blot检测信号传导及转录活化因子3(STAT3)和磷酸化STAT3(p-STAT3)的表达;利用α-BGT和STAT3抑制剂Stattic处理星形胶质细胞,检测相关炎症因子表达。结果:①星形胶质细胞机械性损伤后,促炎因子IL-1β、TNF-α表达增加,抗炎因子IL-10、TGF-β表达降低(P<0.05)。②利用α-BGT抑制α7nAChR可增加损伤后IL-1β、TNF-α的表达,减少IL-10、TGF-β的表达(P<0.05);而利用PHA-543613激活α7nAChR功能,则发挥相反作用(P<0.05)。③α-BGT可促进STAT3磷酸化,而PHA-543613抑制STAT3磷酸化(P<0.05)。④STAT3抑制剂Stattic可减少IL-1β和TNF-α的表达,增加IL-10和TGF-β的表达,并部分阻断α-BGT对IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-10及TGF-β表达的影响(P<0.05)。结论:机械性损伤后,激活α7nAChR可减轻星形胶质细胞炎症反应,而抑制STAT3磷酸化是其重要的下游机制。展开更多
Folate receptor alpha(FOLR1)is vital for cells ingesting folate(FA).FA plays an indispensable role in cell pro-liferation and survival.However,it is not clear whether the axis of FOLR1/FA has a similar function in vir...Folate receptor alpha(FOLR1)is vital for cells ingesting folate(FA).FA plays an indispensable role in cell pro-liferation and survival.However,it is not clear whether the axis of FOLR1/FA has a similar function in viral replication.In this study,we used vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV)to investigate the relationship between FOLR1-mediated FA deficiency and viral replication,as well as the underlying mechanisms.We discovered that FOLR1 upregulation led to the deficiency of FA in HeLa cells and mice.Meanwhile,VSV replication was notably sup-pressed by FOLR1 overexpression,and this antiviral activity was related to FA deficiency.Mechanistically,FA deficiency mainly upregulated apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3B(APOBEC3B)expression,which suppressed VSV replication in vitro and in vivo.In addition,methotrexate(MTX),an FA metabolism inhibitor,effectively inhibited VSV replication by enhancing the expression of APOBEC3B in vitro and in vivo.Overall,our present study provided a new perspective for the role of FA metabolism in viral infections and highlights the potential of MTX as a broad-spectrum antiviral agent against RNA viruses.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a type of malignant tumor that seriously threatens human health and life,and its treatment has always been a difficulty and hotspot in research.Herein,this study for the first time reports tha...Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a type of malignant tumor that seriously threatens human health and life,and its treatment has always been a difficulty and hotspot in research.Herein,this study for the first time reports that antipsychotic aripiprazole(Ari)against the proliferation of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo,but with less damage in normal colon cells.Mechanistically,the results showed that5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor(HTR2B)and its coupling protein G protein subunit alpha q(Gaq)were highly distributed in CRC cells.Ari had a strong affinity with HTR2B and inhibited HTR2B downstream signaling.Blockade of HTR2B signaling suppressed the growth of CRC cells,but HTR2B was not found to have independent anticancer activity.Interestingly,the binding of Gaq to HTR2B was decreased after Ari treatment.Knockdown of Gaq not only restricted CRC cell growth,but also directly affected the antiCRC efficacy of Ari.Moreover,an interaction between Ari and Gaq was found in that the mutation at amino acid 190 of Gaq reduced the efficacy of Ari.Thus,these results confirm that Gaq coupled to HTR2B was a potential target of Ari in mediating CRC proliferation.Collectively,this study provides a novel effective strategy for CRC therapy and favorable evidence for promoting Ari as an anticancer agent.展开更多
文摘Aim The expression of α3 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor （α3-nAChR） has been demonstra- ted in aorta, adipocyte and macrophage. The objective of the present study was to verify the regulatory roles of α3- nAChR in the inflammatory responses of atherosclerosis. Methods The inflammatory indicators were detected in mouse macrophage, adipocytes and mouse aortic endothelial cells （MAECs） after the α3-nAChR was antagonized or after the α3-nAChR gene was silenced. Meanwhile, atherogenesis was induced in the apolipoprotein E knock-out （ ApoE^ -/- ） mice after fed with an atherogenic high-fat diet for 7 weeks. Results In MAECs, the lipopolysaccha- ride （LPS）-stimulated secretions of the adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines were significantly enhanced （30%± 80% ） after pretreatment with α-Conotoxin MII （an antagonist for α3-nAChR） or after knock-down with α3-nAChR gene. In adipocytes, the knock-down of α3 gene promoted the generations of the proin？ ammatory adi- pokines or cytokines but decreased the production of adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory adipokine, by 29.29 ± 9.43%. In macrophage silenced with α3-nAChR gene, the M1 （classical） activation was predominantly stimula- ted, whereas the M2 （alternative） activation was suppressed. In addition, the amount of the atherosclerotic lesions and the infiltration of the M1 type activated macrophages into the arterial wall were markedly elevated in the α- Conotoxin MII-treated ApoE -/- mice. Conclusion The α3-nAChR may play a pivotal role in regulating the atherogenesis through influencing the inflammatory responses of ECs, macrophages and adipocytes. The mecha- nisms involve the regulations of multiple cell signaling pathways.
文摘目的:通过建立星形胶质细胞机械性损伤模型,研究烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体α7亚单位(α7nAChR)在创伤性脑损伤后星形胶质细胞炎症反应中的作用及调控机制。方法:建立星形胶质细胞机械性损伤模型,通过ELISA检测炎症因子IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-10和TGF-β的表达;利用α7n ACh R抑制剂α-BGT和激动剂PHA-543613处理星形胶质细胞,检测相关炎症因子表达,并通过Western blot检测信号传导及转录活化因子3(STAT3)和磷酸化STAT3(p-STAT3)的表达;利用α-BGT和STAT3抑制剂Stattic处理星形胶质细胞,检测相关炎症因子表达。结果:①星形胶质细胞机械性损伤后,促炎因子IL-1β、TNF-α表达增加,抗炎因子IL-10、TGF-β表达降低(P<0.05)。②利用α-BGT抑制α7nAChR可增加损伤后IL-1β、TNF-α的表达,减少IL-10、TGF-β的表达(P<0.05);而利用PHA-543613激活α7nAChR功能,则发挥相反作用(P<0.05)。③α-BGT可促进STAT3磷酸化,而PHA-543613抑制STAT3磷酸化(P<0.05)。④STAT3抑制剂Stattic可减少IL-1β和TNF-α的表达,增加IL-10和TGF-β的表达,并部分阻断α-BGT对IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-10及TGF-β表达的影响(P<0.05)。结论:机械性损伤后,激活α7nAChR可减轻星形胶质细胞炎症反应,而抑制STAT3磷酸化是其重要的下游机制。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31970149,81900823)The Major Research and Development Project(2018ZX10301406)Nanjing University-Ningxia University Collaborative Project(Grant#2017BN04).
文摘Folate receptor alpha(FOLR1)is vital for cells ingesting folate(FA).FA plays an indispensable role in cell pro-liferation and survival.However,it is not clear whether the axis of FOLR1/FA has a similar function in viral replication.In this study,we used vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV)to investigate the relationship between FOLR1-mediated FA deficiency and viral replication,as well as the underlying mechanisms.We discovered that FOLR1 upregulation led to the deficiency of FA in HeLa cells and mice.Meanwhile,VSV replication was notably sup-pressed by FOLR1 overexpression,and this antiviral activity was related to FA deficiency.Mechanistically,FA deficiency mainly upregulated apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3B(APOBEC3B)expression,which suppressed VSV replication in vitro and in vivo.In addition,methotrexate(MTX),an FA metabolism inhibitor,effectively inhibited VSV replication by enhancing the expression of APOBEC3B in vitro and in vivo.Overall,our present study provided a new perspective for the role of FA metabolism in viral infections and highlights the potential of MTX as a broad-spectrum antiviral agent against RNA viruses.
基金supported by Chongqing basic research and frontier exploration project(cstc2022ycjh-bgzxm0119,China)。
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a type of malignant tumor that seriously threatens human health and life,and its treatment has always been a difficulty and hotspot in research.Herein,this study for the first time reports that antipsychotic aripiprazole(Ari)against the proliferation of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo,but with less damage in normal colon cells.Mechanistically,the results showed that5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor(HTR2B)and its coupling protein G protein subunit alpha q(Gaq)were highly distributed in CRC cells.Ari had a strong affinity with HTR2B and inhibited HTR2B downstream signaling.Blockade of HTR2B signaling suppressed the growth of CRC cells,but HTR2B was not found to have independent anticancer activity.Interestingly,the binding of Gaq to HTR2B was decreased after Ari treatment.Knockdown of Gaq not only restricted CRC cell growth,but also directly affected the antiCRC efficacy of Ari.Moreover,an interaction between Ari and Gaq was found in that the mutation at amino acid 190 of Gaq reduced the efficacy of Ari.Thus,these results confirm that Gaq coupled to HTR2B was a potential target of Ari in mediating CRC proliferation.Collectively,this study provides a novel effective strategy for CRC therapy and favorable evidence for promoting Ari as an anticancer agent.
