CD41单克隆抗体建立慢性免疫性血小板减少症小鼠模型失败的初步分析

目的:通过向Balb/c小鼠腹腔注射不同次数和不同剂量CD41单克隆抗体(MWReg30),探究该方法能否构建出一种稳定的慢性免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)模型,并在造模结束后采用党参提取液干预此模型小鼠,以明确其对造模小鼠异常血小板计数的调整作用。方法:首先,使用MWReg30的常用剂量对Balb/c小鼠建立慢性ITP模型,并在抗体注射结束后探究党参提取液对造模小鼠的影响;随后,分别对不同组别的小鼠进行MWReg30的2次注射和2倍剂量注射,明确注射次数和剂量的增加是否有助于建立慢性ITP模型。结果:向小鼠体内注射MWReg30的造模方式不能使Balb/c小鼠血小板数量长期维持低水平,并且通过增加抗体注射次数和剂量的方法也难以实现此目的。但是,MWReg30的2次注射和2倍剂量注射分别使小鼠血小板计数在抗体注射结束7 d内和14 d内反弹升高至较高水平,且低剂量党参提取液干预造模小鼠可使其异常升高的血小板数量呈现下降趋势。结论:对小鼠腹腔注射MWReg30的造模方法无法复制出稳定的慢性ITP模型,此方法能否成为一种理想的慢性ITP模型建立方式仍有待进一步证实。而增加MWReg30的注射剂量能够延长模型小鼠血小板计数低水平的维持时间;且低剂量的党参提取液可能会对造模小鼠异常升高的血小板数量起纠正作用。

一例1q41q44重复及3p26.2p26.1缺失患儿的表型与遗传学分析

目的:探讨1例发育落后患儿染色体拷贝数变异的性质及来源,分析基因型与疾病表型的相关性。方法:应用常规G显带分析患儿及其父母的外周血染色体核型,并对患儿进行二代测序(next generation sequencing, NGS)检测。结果:染色体G显带核型分析显示患儿存在染色体结构异常,核型描述为46,XX,−3, der (3),t (1;3) (q41;p26.1),其父亲染色体核型为46,XY,t (1;3) (q32;p25),其母亲核型未见异常。NGS检测显示患儿染色体1q41q44区存在约29.093 Mb的重复,3p26.2p26.1区存在约1.717 Mb的缺失。结论:患儿染色体异常是来自其父亲的平衡易位。1q41q44重复及3p26.2p26.1缺失是导致患儿表型异常的遗传学病因。

大豆骨干亲本中豆41主要农艺性状的配合力分析

骨干亲本是新品种培育的重要种质材料,明确骨干亲本的配合力及遗传特点,可以为在育种中高效利用骨干亲本提供理论依据。本研究以骨干亲本中豆41和其他9个大豆材料为亲本,采用不完全双列杂交法组配30个杂交组合,分析杂种F1的10个产量和品质相关性状的配合力及遗传参数。配合力分析表明:中豆41具有较高的一般配合力(GCA),除蛋白质含量为负值外,其余9个性状的GCA均为正值,且均为10个亲本中最大值。中豆41组配的杂交组合大部分表现优异,具有较高的特殊配合力(SCA),在30个杂交组合中,中豆41×郑196、中豆41×新四粒黄和中豆41×中黄319在产量相关性状上均表现出较高的SCA。遗传分析表明,株高、主茎节数、有效分枝数、单株荚数、单株粒数、百粒重、单株产量、蛋白含量和脂肪含量主要受基因加性效应影响,底荚高度则受基因加性效应和非加性效应共同影响。本研究明确了大豆骨干亲本中豆41的配合力特点,为育种中高效利用中豆41提供了理论依据。

中性条件Fe/Cu-MCM-41光催化活化H_(2)O_(2)/PDS的构-效关系

本文在室温下制备了Fe-MCM-41和Cu-MCM-41,利用XRD、BET、SEM和TEM等手段对催化剂进行了表征.选取金橙Ⅱ为探针分子、H_(2)O_(2)和PDS作为氧化剂,构建了多相光催化氧化体系,研究中性条件下Fe-MCM-41和Cu-MCM-41光催化活化H_(2)O_(2)和PDS的构-效关系.结果表明,Fe-MCM-41为同晶替换型催化剂,Cu-MCM-41为同晶替换和CuO孤岛共存型催化剂.中性条件下,H_(2)O_(2)受空间位阻和电性排斥影响小,能被Fe-MCM-41孔道内外铁离子高效光催化产生·OH,但难以被Cu-MCM-41中同晶替换和孤岛的铜离子高效光催化;PDS由于受到空间位阻和电性排斥的影响,难以进入Fe-MCM-41和Cu-MCM-41孔道之中,但Cu-MCM-41表面和孤岛上的铜离子能高效光催化PDS产生^(1)O_(2)和SO_(4)^(−·)·UV+H_(2)O_(2)体系中加入Fe-MCM-41,金橙Ⅱ的脱色速率提升了52.9%,反应180 min时体系矿化率从43%提高到了57%;UV+PDS体系中加入Cu-MCM-41,金橙Ⅱ的脱色速率提升了38.7%,反应180 min时体系矿化率从48%提高到了76%.本研究为介孔分子筛光催化剂的开发利用提供理论依据.

^(41)Ca的AMS测量方法及在生物医学领域的应用

钙(Ca)的长寿命放射性核素^(41)Ca是理想且安全的生物示踪剂,在生物医学领域具有重要价值,但其发展一直受制于测量技术。传统衰变计数法测量效率极低、样品需求量高且耗费时间长,无法有效开展^(41)Ca分析;普通质谱方法很难剔除同量异位素41K和分子碎片的干扰,难以获得理想的探测限。而加速器质谱法(AMS)测定^(41)Ca具有样品用量小(mg量级)、测量时间短(约1 h)、检测灵敏度高(^(41)Ca/^(40)Ca丰度灵敏度最低可至10^(-15))等优点,是目前分析^(41)Ca最常用的方法。AMS测量的关键是如何有效剔除或分离同量异位素41K。本研究从样品形式的选择和仪器技术两方面综述了^(41)Ca的AMS测量方法发展进程。一方面,使用CaH_(2)或CaF_(2)作为主要样品形式目前可以有效抑制41K的干扰。CaF_(2)制备流程更简单,存储更方便,束流引出阶段对同量异位素41K的抑制在4个量级左右,满足添加^(41)Ca为示踪剂的生物医学样品的分析要求。另一方面,随着AMS逐渐小型化,^(41)Ca-AMS测量技术也在不断改进。对比不同能量下AMS分析^(41)Ca的特点、优势和局限性,其中:高能量大型(≥5 MV)AMS对41K有足够的辨别能力,测量灵敏度一般在10^(-14)~10^(-15),但由于成本和仪器运行专业性过高的要求,使其应用不够广泛;低能量小型(≤3 MV)AMS应用最为广泛,虽然只能将^(41)Ca和41K部分分离,但可以通过dE/dx、ΔTOF和ISA等方法对^(41)Ca实现直接测量,测量灵敏度在10^(-12)~10^(-13)或有望更低;而更低能量的紧凑型(≤1 MV)AMS无法在低能量情况下将^(41)Ca和41K分离,只能通过39K校正的间接方法实现对^(41)Ca的测量,测量灵敏度一般为10^(-11)~10^(-12)之间。在此基础上,本研究介绍了基于^(41)Ca-AMS分析技术在生物医学领域中的应用。^(41)Ca示踪技术是目前探究生物体骨钙代谢的重要手段,在评估人类骨骼健康、监测骨重塑动态和建立人类钙平衡的线性动力学模型等方面具有潜力。^(41)Ca-AMS示踪技术可以用于临床医学中相关疾病的早期诊断和预后监测;评估失重对股骨摄取外源钙能力的影响以及骨量下降和骨钙代谢紊乱的机理,从而提出针对性的预防和治疗措施;^(41)Ca标记体内钙库,可以更精准的测量钙吸收率,为临床上补钙剂量的确定提供理论指导;还可以通过探究细胞内钙离子动力学从而研究相关疾病的机理。此外,^(41)Ca-AMS技术还可以对植物体进行示踪研究,有望为农作物的科学补钙和破译植物-土壤系统界面化学相互作用过程提供帮助。可见,^(41)Ca在生物医学领域研究中具有广泛的应用,且由于其极低的放射性,在涉及人体的研究中其安全性有着不可替代的优势,而近年随着国内^(41)Ca-AMS分析技术的发展,有望为我国深入开展相关前沿研究提供技术支撑。

MCM-41/NH_(2)-MIL-101(Fe)复合材料的制备及其光催化还原CO_(2)性能

采用水热法将分子筛MCM-41与光催化剂NH_(2)-MIL-101(Fe)复合制备了MCM-41/NH_(2)-MIL-101(Fe)复合光催化剂(NMM),用于光催化还原CO_(2)。借助XRD、BET、SEM-EDS、UV-Vis DRS、PL、XPS等分析手段对催化剂的微观结构进行详细的分析和表征,解析了催化剂理化性质对催化活性的影响,明确了在NH_(2)-MIL-101(Fe)催化剂中掺杂MCM-41对CO_(2)还原为甲酸产量提升有积极作用。实验结果表明,在光照5 h后,在水溶液中未添加牺牲剂的条件下,10%MCM-41添加量的10%NMM将CO_(2)还原为甲酸的产量为109.11μmol/g,是纯NH_(2)-MIL-101(Fe)的5倍(21.78μmol/g);添加牺牲剂TEOA后10%NMM的甲酸产量为132.78μmol/g,是纯NH_(2)-MIL-101(Fe)的4倍(33.67μmol/g)。催化剂在2种溶液体系中重复使用3次后,仍保持很高的催化活性。

抗逆大豆IND-ØØ41Ø-5转化体特异性定性PCR检测方法的建立及其标准化

抗逆大豆IND-ØØ41Ø-5已经批准获得我国进口用作加工原料的安全证书,含有外源HaHB4基因和bar标记基因。本研究根据抗逆大豆IND-ØØ41Ø-5转化体5′端和3′端插入位点旁侧序列信息,设计19对引物,结合罗萨里奥农业生物技术学院公司的1对引物,针对20对引物组合利用定性PCR技术进行引物特异性筛选,结果显示5′端的14号引物特异性良好,优化后获得最佳反应体系和反应程序;经测试,该引物特异性好、稳定性高,检出限达0.1%,扩增片段大小248 bp。经8家有资质实验室对本方法的特异性、检出限、重复性和再现性进行验证,各项参数均达到国家标准要求。本研究成功建立了抗逆大豆IND-ØØ41Ø-5转化体定性PCR检测方法,为IND-ØØ41Ø-5转化体在国内的安全监管提供技术支撑。

转录因子GhWRKY41促进水杨酸合成增强棉花对黄萎病菌的抗性

棉花是我国最重要的经济作物之一,但其产量和品质受黄萎病菌危害而大幅度下降。挖掘棉花黄萎病抗性相关基因并解析其分子机制,对加快棉花抗黄萎病育种进程具有重要意义。前期研究鉴定到一个在多个抗病棉花品种中均受黄萎病菌诱导显著上调表达的WRKY基因GhWRKY41,该基因通过激活苯丙烷代谢增强棉花对黄萎病菌的抗性。本研究进一步分析了GhWRKY41在不同激素处理下的诱导表达模式,利用病毒介导的基因沉默(VIGS)技术验证了GhWRKY41的抗病功能,并利用前期已创制的GhWRKY41转基因棉花株系‘Jin668’测定了其内源植物抗病激素含量。结果显示,GhWRKY41受水杨酸(SA)、Me-JA和H_(2)O_(2)诱导均显著上调表达;GhWRKY41被沉默后可削弱棉花对黄萎病菌的抗性;SA含量在GhWRKY41超表达棉花中显著增加,而在GhWRKY41干涉棉花中则明显减少。RT-qPCR分析显示,SA合成基因GhSID2及SA信号转导基因GhNPR1、GhPR1、GhPR5的表达水平在超表达植株中明显上调,而在干涉植株中则显著下降。ChIP-qPCR和双荧光素酶报告基因试验结果表明,GhWRKY41可结合并激活GhSID2、GhPR1和GhPR5的表达。此外,外施SA可明显提高棉花的黄萎病抗性。综上表明,GhWRKY41可通过促进棉花中内源植物激素SA的合成来增强植株的黄萎病抗性,这一结果完善了GhWRKY41在棉花抵御黄萎病菌过程中的生物学功能,为未来利用黄萎病抗性基因创制棉花抗病材料提供了理论基础。

血清IL-41及ACE2水平诊断小儿川崎病的临床价值

目的探索川崎病(KD)患儿血清白介素41(IL-41)、血管紧张素转化酶2(ACE2)表达水平及临床诊断价值。方法选取2018年12月—2022年12月合肥市妇幼保健院普儿科诊治KD患儿80例为KD组,根据超声心动图结果,分为冠状动脉损伤(CAL)亚组(n=26)和非CAL亚组(n=54),以同期急性上呼吸道感染伴发热患儿为对照2组(n=40),同期行择期手术的腹股沟斜疝患儿为对照1组(n=40)。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清IL-41、ACE2水平;采用Pearson相关分析血清IL-41、ACE2与临床资料的相关性;多因素Logistic回归分析影响KD患儿发生CAL的影响因素;绘制受试者工作特征曲线分析血清IL-41、ACE2预测KD患儿发生CAL的价值。结果血清IL-41、ACE2水平比较,KD组>对照2组>对照1组,差异均有统计学意义(F/P=519.731/<0.001,1115.501/<0.001);KD组患儿血清IL-41、ACE2水平与发热时间、C反应蛋白及降钙素原呈正相关(IL-41:r/P=0.562/<0.001,0.589/<0.001,0.613/<0.001;ACE2:r/P=0.622/<0.001,0.609/<0.001,0.574/<0.001)。CAL亚组发热时间、C反应蛋白、降钙素原、IL-41、ACE2均高于非CAL亚组,差异有统计学意义(t/P=3.459/0.001,11.187/<0.001,11.377/<0.001,12.299/<0.001,25.882/<0.001)。血清IL-41、ACE2、发热时间、C反应蛋白、降钙素原升高是影响KD患儿CAL发生的独立危险因素[OR(95%CI)=1.598(1.271~2.010),1.573(1.241~1.994),1.384(1.142~1.667),1.496(1.171~1.912),1.513(1.159~1.975)]。血清IL-41、ACE2及两项联合预测KD患儿发生CAL的AUC分别0.812、0.815、0.878,两项联合的AUC大于血清IL-41、ACE2单一检测(Z/P=5.116/<0.001、4.217/0.009)。结论KD患儿血清IL-41、ACE2升高,与发热时间、C反应蛋白及降钙素原有关,两者联合对KD患儿CAL发生具有较高的预测价值。

基于MCM41掺杂的萘普生印迹整体柱的制备及研究

本研究通过分子印迹技术以原位聚合法成功合成了MCM41-MPS掺杂的萘普生印迹整体柱。通过改进配方进而考察色谱条件,实现印迹因子最高达10.7,相比未掺杂MCM41-MPS的印迹整体柱,印迹因子提高两倍多。结果表明,MCM41-MPSMIP比MIP具有更高的保留因子和印迹因子,并通过傅立叶红外吸收光谱(FT-IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对聚合物进行表征,采用Langmuir拟合得到MCM41-MPS MIP的最大吸附量为10.89 mg/g,最终,对湖水中加标的萘普生进行固相萃取,回收率达96.40%。

复合材料MnO_(2)/MCM-41对放射性废水中Sr^(2+)的去除

采用一锅法制备MnO_(2)/MCM-41复合材料,探究其对放射性废水中Sr^(2+)的去除。通过SEM、BET、FT-IR对复合材料进行了表征。探究MnO_(2)和MCM-41的质量比、pH、吸附时间、竞争离子效应等参数对其吸附性能的影响。结果表明,复合材料能迅速吸附水中Sr^(2+),并在120 min达到吸附平衡,最大吸附容量为85.46 mg/g。MnO_(2)和MCM-41的质量比为4∶1时复合材料具有最高的吸附容量,在pH为4~9范围内复合材料具有较高的吸附性能,此外复合材料在Na^(+)、K^(+)、Mg^(2+)、Ca^(2+)存在的情况下依然保持良好的吸附容量,抑制吸附能力遵循Na^(+)<K^(+)<Mg^(2+)<Ca^(2+)的排序。吸附动力学分析伪二级模型比伪一级模型更能拟合吸附数据,说明化学吸附在吸附过程中占主导地位。所制备的MnO_(2)/MCM-41新型复合材料用于去除放射性废水中的Sr^(2+)具有吸附迅速、吸附容量大、选择性强、能够大规模制备等优点,这使得其有望在含Sr^(2+)放射性废水处理领域发挥重要作用。

磷对TiO_(2)/MCM-41催化环己胺无溶剂氧化制备环己酮肟的调变作用

采用液相水解法制备了TiPO/MCM-41系列催化剂,通过BET、FT-IR、XRD、XPS、SEM和TEM技术对催化剂的结构和组成进行了表征,进一步研究了其在环己胺无溶剂氧化制备环己酮肟中的催化性能,并探讨了环己胺液相氧化的催化机理.结果表明,TiPO/MCM-41表面的钛羟基是催化氧化环己胺的活性中心,当反应温度为90℃、压力为1.0 MPa、时间为5 h和催化剂用量为0.3 g时,胺转化率为59.0%,肟选择性为87.9%,显示出不错的催化活性和重复使用性,为环己酮肟的高效制备提供了一种绿色路线,有一定的工业应用潜力.

Evaluating the role of interleukin-2 and interleukin-12 in pediatric patients with concurrent Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Epstein-Barr virus infections

BACKGROUND Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)frequently causes respiratory infections in children,whereas Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)typically presents subclinical manifestations in immunocompetent pediatric populations.The incidence of MP and EBV coinfections is often overlooked clinically,with the contributory role of EBV in pulmonary infections alongside MP remaining unclear.AIM To evaluate the serum concentrations of interleukin-2(IL-2)and interleukin-12(IL-12)in pediatric patients with MP pneumonia co-infected with EBV and assess their prognostic implications.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from patients diagnosed with MP and EBV co-infection,isolated MP infection,and a control group of healthy children,spanning from January 1,2018 to December 31,2021.Serum IL-2 and IL-12 levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Logistic regression was employed to identify factors influencing poor prognosis,while receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves evaluated the prognostic utility of serum IL-2 and IL-12 levels in co-infected patients.RESULTS The co-infection group exhibited elevated serum IL-2 and C-reactive protein(CRP)levels compared to both the MP-only and control groups,with a reverse trend observed for IL-12(P<0.05).In the poor prognosis cohort,elevated CRP and IL-2 levels,alongside prolonged fever duration,contrasted with reduced IL-12 levels(P<0.05).Logistic regression identified elevated IL-2 as an independent risk factor and high IL-12 as a protective factor for adverse outcomes(P<0.05).ROC analysis indicated that the area under the curves for IL-2,IL-12,and their combination in predicting poor prognosis were 0.815,0.895,and 0.915,respectively.CONCLUSION Elevated serum IL-2 and diminished IL-12 levels in pediatric patients with MP and EBV co-infection correlate with poorer prognosis,with combined IL-2 and IL-12 levels offering enhanced predictive accuracy.

Analyze interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-αlevels in dry eye and the therapeutic effect of cyclosporine A

BACKGROUND Dry eye is a common eye disease.Artificial tears supplements are widely used for the treatment of dry eyes.However,multiple adverse effects have been observed in patients receiving long-term treatment with artificial tears,which may affect the therapeutic effect.AIM To analyze the characteristics of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)levels in patients with dry eye and the therapeutic effect of artificial tears combined with cyclosporine A.METHODS A total of 124 dry eye patients treated at The First People’s Hospital of Xining from April 2020 to April 2022 were selected as the observation group,while 20 healthy individuals served as the control group during the same period.Levels of inflammatory markers,including IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α,were analyzed.The observation group was further divided into a study group and a control group,each consisting of 62 patients.The control group received artificial tears,whereas the study group received a combination of artificial tears and cyclosporine A.Inflammatory markers,Schirmer’s test(SIT),tear break-up time(TBUT),corneal fluorescein staining(CFS),National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25(NEI-VFQ-25)scores,and adverse events(AEs)were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The observation group exhibited significantly elevated serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αin comparison to the healthy group.Following treatment,the study group demonstrated substantial reductions in IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αlevels relative to the control group.Moreover,after treatment,the study group experienced a marked decrease in CFS scores and significant increases in both SIT and BUT levels when compared to the control group.Additionally,significant improvements were observed in the primary symptom of dry eye and secondary symptoms such as photophobia,foreign body sensation,fatigue,red eye,and burning sensation within the study group.Furthermore,post-treatment NEI-VFQ-25 scores across all dimensions exhibited significant enhancements in the study group compared to the control group(P<0.05).It is noteworthy that significant AEs were reported in both groups throughout the treatment period.CONCLUSION Cyclosporine A combined with artificial tears is effective in treating dry eye,yielding enhanced outcomes by improving SIT and TBUT levels,reducing CFS scores,and ameliorating vision-related quality of life.

MCM-41介孔分子筛的合成及其研究现状

MCM-41分子筛是M41S系列有序介孔材料的一个分支,是一种新型的纳米结构材料。MCM-41具有比表面积大、耐腐蚀性、吸附量大等特点,因此在光催化、生物材料等领域有着广泛的应用和发展潜力。以碳原子数大于6的长链表面活性剂为模板剂,在液晶模板、协同作用、中性模板剂、层状中间相转换等合成机理下,可制备得到介孔分子筛MCM-41。MCM-41有序介孔材料具有稳定的二氧化硅结构,孔壁薄,表面结构规整,有规则的孔道结构,水热稳定性好,具有沸石分子筛的特性,因此在催化裂化、高分子合成等领域有了新的应用。本文简要介绍了MCM-41有序介孔材料的制备、应用现状及发展前景。

Interleukin-1β:Friend or foe for gastrointestinal cancers

Gastrointestinal(GI)cancer is a malignancy arising in the digestive system and accounts for approximately a third of increasing global cancer-related mortality,especially in the colorectum,esophagus,stomach,and liver.Interleukin-1β(IL-1β)is a leukocytic pyrogen recognized as a tumor progression-related cytokine.IL-1βsecretion and maturation in inflammatory responses could be regulated by nuclear factor-kappaB-dependent expression of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3,inflammasome formation,and activation of IL-1 converting enzyme.Several studies have documented the pro-tumorigenic effects of IL-1β in tumor microenvironments,promoting proliferation and metastatic potential of cancer cells in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo.The application of IL-1β inhibitors is also promising for targeted therapy development in some cancer types.However,as a leukocytic pro-inflammatory cytokine,IL-1β may also possess anti-tumorigenic effects and be type-specific in different cancers.This editorial discusses the up-to-date roles of IL-1β in GI cancers,including underlying mechanisms and down-stream signaling pathways.Understanding and clarifying the roles of IL-1β would significantly benefit future therapeutic targeting and help improve therapeutic outcomes in patients suffering from GI cancer.

Exploring the role of interleukin-6 receptor blockade in epilepsy and associated neuropsychiatric conditions through a mendelian randomization study

BACKGROUND The interplay between inflammation,immune dysregulation,and the onset of neurological disorders,including epilepsy,has become increasingly recognized.Interleukin(IL)-6,a pro-inflammatory cytokine,is suspected to not only mediate traditional inflammatory pathways but also contribute to neuroinflammatory responses that could underpin neuropsychiatric symptoms and broader psychiatric disorders in epilepsy patients.The role of IL-6 receptor(IL6R)blockade presents an intriguing target for therapeutic intervention due to its potential to attenuate these processes.neuropsychiatric conditions due to neuroinflammation.METHODS Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis employing single nucleotide poly-morphisms(SNPs)in the vicinity of the IL6R gene(total individuals=408225)was used to evaluate the putative causal relationship between IL6R blockade and epilepsy(total cases/controls=12891/312803),focal epilepsy(cases/controls=7526/399290),and generalized epilepsy(cases/controls=1413/399287).SNP weights were determined by their effect on C-reactive protein(CRP)levels and integrated using inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis as surrogates for IL6R effects.To address potential outlier and pleiotropic influences,sensitivity analyses were conducted employing a variety of MR methods under different modeling assumptions.RESULTS The genetic simulation targeting IL6R blockade revealed a modest but significant reduction in overall epilepsy risk[inverse variance weighting:Odds ratio(OR):0.827;95%confidence interval(CI):0.685-1.000;P=0.05].Subtype analysis showed variability,with no significant effect observed in generalized,focal,or specific childhood and juvenile epilepsy forms.Beyond the primary inflammatory marker CRP,the findings also suggested potential non-inflammatory pathways mediated by IL-6 signaling contributing to the neurobiological landscape of epilepsy,hinting at possible links to neuroinflammation,psychiatric symptoms,and associated mental disorders.CONCLUSION The investigation underscored a tentative causal relationship between IL6R blockade and decreased epilepsy incidence,likely mediated via complex neuroinflammatory pathways.These results encouraged further in-depth studies involving larger cohorts and multifaceted psychiatric assessments to corroborate these findings and more thoroughly delineate the neuro-psychiatric implications of IL-6 signaling in epilepsy.The exploration of IL6R blockade could herald a novel therapeutic avenue not just for seizure management but also for addressing the broader psychiatric and cognitive disturbances often associated with epilepsy.

Low interleukin-10 level indicates a good prognosis in Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium-induced pediatric hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis:A case report

BACKGROUND Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis(sHLH)triggered by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is rare in pediatric patients.There is no consensus on how to treat S.typhimurium-triggered sHLH.CASE SUMMARY A 9-year-old boy with intermittent fever for 3 d presented to our hospital with positive results for S.typhimurium,human rhinovirus,and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections.At the time of admission to our institution,the patient’s T helper 1/T helper 2 cytokine levels were 326 pg/mL for interleukin 6(IL-6),9.1 pg/mL for IL-10,and 246.7 pg/mL for interferon-gamma(IFN-γ),for which the ratio of IL-10 to IFN-γwas 0.04.In this study,the patient received meropenem,linezolid,and cefoperazone/sulbactam in combination with high-dose methylprednisolone therapy(10 mg/kg/d for 3 d)and antishock supportive treatment twice.After careful evaluation,this patient did not receive HLH chemotherapy and recovered well.CONCLUSION S.Typhimurium infection-triggered sHLH patient had a ratio of IL-10 to IFN-γ≤1.33,an IL-10 concentration≤10.0 pg/mL,and/or an IFN-γconcentration≤225 pg/mL at admission.Early antimicrobial and supportive treatment was sufficient,and the HLH-94/2004 protocol was not necessary under these conditions.

Interleukin-35: A key player managing pre-diabetes and chronic inflammatory type 1 autoimmune diabetes

Interleukin-35(IL-35)is a novel protein comprising IL-12αand IL-27βchains.The IL12A and EBI3 genes are responsible for its production.The study of IL-35 has experienced a substantial increase in interest in recent years,as demonstrated by many research papers.Recent clinical studies have shown that individuals who do not have a C-peptide have notably reduced amounts of IL-35 in their blood serum.This is accompanied by a drop in the percentage of IL-35+Treg cells,regulatory B cells,and CD8+FOXP3+cells that produce IL-35.This article em-phasizes the potential significance of IL-35 expression in governing the immune response and its involvement in chronic inflammatory autoimmune diabetes in pancreatic inflammation.It demonstrates IL-35's ability to regulate cytokine proportions,modulate B cells,and protect against autoimmune diabetes.However,further investigation is necessary to ascertain the precise mechanism of IL-35,and meticulous planning is essential for clinical studies.

Diagnostic value of serum vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-17 in primary hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND Despite significant advancements in the medical treatment of primary hepato-cellular carcinoma(PHC)in recent years,enhancing therapeutic effects and im-proving prognosis remain substantial challenges worldwide.AIM To investigate the expression levels of serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and interleukin(IL)-17 in patients with PHC and evaluate their diagnostic value while exploring their relationship with patients’clinical characteristics.METHODS The study included 50 patients with confirmed PHC who visited Wuhan Han-yang Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022,and 50 healthy individuals from the same period served as the control group.Serum VEGF and IL-17 levels in both groups were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay,and their diagnostic value was assessed using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Pearson correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship between serum VEGF and IL-17 levels.Pathological data of the PHC patients were analyzed to determine the relationship between serum VEGF and IL-17 levels and pathological characteristics.RESULTS Serum VEGF and IL-17 levels were significantly higher in the study group com-pared to the control group(P<0.05).No significant association was observed between serum VEGF and IL-17 levels and gender,age,combined cirrhosis,tumor diameter,or degree of differentiation(P>0.05).However,there was a significant relationship between clinical TNM stage,tumor metastasis,and serum VEGF and IL-17 levels(P<0.05).Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between serum VEGF and IL-17(P<0.05).ROC analysis demonstrated that both serum VEGF and IL-17 had good diagnostic efficacy for PHC.CONCLUSION Serum VEGF and IL-17 levels were significantly higher in PHC patients compared to healthy individuals.Their levels were closely related to pathological features such as tumor metastasis and clinical TNM stage,and there was a significant positive correlation between VEGF and IL-17.These biomarkers may serve as valuable reference in-dicators for the early diagnosis and treatment guidance of PHC.