Theoretical verification of intermolecular hydrogen bond induced thermally activated delayed fluorescence in SOBF-OMe

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)molecules have attracted great attention as high efficient luminescent materials.Most of TADF molecules possess small energy gap between the first singlet excited state(S_(1))and the first triplet excited state(T_(1))to favor the up-conversion from T_(1)to S_(1).In this paper,a new TADF generation mechanism is revealed based on theoretical simulation.By systematic study of the light-emitting properties of SOBF-OMe in both toluene and in aggregation state,we find that the single SOBF-OMe could not realize TADF emission due to large energy gap as well as small up-conversion rates between S_(1)and T_(1).Through analysis of dimers,we find that dimers with intermolecular hydrogen bond(H-bond)are responsible for the generation of TADF,since smaller energy gap between S_(1)and T_(1)is found and the emission wavelength is in good agreement with experimental counterpart.The emission properties of SOBF-H are also studied for comparison,which reflect the important role of H-bond.Our theoretical results agree ith experimental results well and confirm the mechanism of H-bond induced TADF.

Influence of Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding to Spin Crossover Property of Iron （111） Complexes with a N3O2 Pentadentate Ligand and a Monodentate Ligand

Three iron （III） complexes with the formula of [Feat（X）L2]BPh4 were studied, in which a pentadentate Schiff-base ligand （H2L2 = bis （3-methoxysalicylideneiminopropyl） methylamine） and a counter anion BPh4 were fixed, and three monodentate ligands, 3-Mepy （3-methylpyridine）, 4-NH2py （4-aminopyridine）, and 2-Meim （2-methylimidazole） were used as the axial ligand X. The temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility measurements demonstrated that [Fem（3-Mepy）L2]BPh4 showed a gradual spin equilibrium between HS （high-spin） （S = 5/2） and LS （low-spin） （S = 1/2） states, [Fem（4-NH2py）L2]BPh4 showed a steep SCO （spin crossover） and [FeIH（2-Melm）L2]BPh4 was in the HS state even at 100 K. The single crystal X-ray analyses demonstrated that [FelH（4-NH2py）L2]BPh4 has an one-dimensional chain structure constructed by intermolecular hydrogen bonding between 4-amino group of 4-NH2py and methoxy oxygen of adjacent molecular-cation. The crystal structure of [FenI（3-Mepy）L2]BPh4 has no such intermolecular interaction and its SCO site behaves independently, and the crystal structure of [FeIII（2-Meim）L2]BPh4 has a NH...n interaction between imidazole group of 2-Meim of cation and a phenyl group of anion BPh4. The result demonstrates that the intermolecular hydrogen bonding affects SCO profile significantly.

Structure Regulation of Electric Double Layer via Hydrogen Bonding Effect to Realize High-Stability Lithium-Metal Batteries

The interfacial chemistry of solid electrolyte interphases(SEI)on lithium(Li)electrode is directly determined by the structural chemistry of the electric double layer(EDL)at the interface.Herein,a strategy for regulating the structural chemistry of EDL via the introduction of intermolecular hydrogen bonds has been proposed(p-hydroxybenzoic acid(pHA)is selected as proof-of-concept).According to the molecular dynamics(MD)simulation and density functional theory(DFT)calculation results,the existence of hydrogen bonds realizes the anion structural rearrangement in the EDL,reduces the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)energy level of anions in the EDL,and the number of free solvent molecules,which promotes the formation of inorganic species-enriched SEI and eventually achieves the dendrite-free Li deposition.Based on this strategy,Li‖Cu cells can stably run over 185 cycles with an accumulated active Li loss of only 2.27 mAh cm^(-2),and the long-term cycle stability of Li‖Li cells is increased to 1200 h.In addition,the full cell pairing with the commercial LiFePO_(4)(LFP)cathodes exhibits stable cycling performance at 1C,with a capacity retention close to 90%after 200 cycles.

Direct Evidence for the Effect of Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding on Organogels

In order to get direct evidence for the effect of intermolecular hydrogen bonding on the organogels, one arnide group in N-（3, 4, 5-octyloxybenzoyl）-N＇-（4＇-aminobenzoyl）hydrazine（D8） was replaced by a Schiff base group, forming N-（3,4,5-octyloxybenzoyl）-N＇-（4＇-amidobenzoyl） acylhydrazone（T8SchA）. D8 and T8SchA organogels in cyclohexane show the same hexagonal columnar structure. And the hydrogen bonding was demonstrated to be still interacting in the organogels. However, although the molecular geometry of D8 was well retained in T8SchA, the molecular dipole moment of T8SchA is bigger than that of D8 due to the reduction of the number of hydrogen bonds. Thus, the decreased gelling stability of T8SchA compared to that of D8 can only be attributed to the reduction of the number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds, which provides direct evidence that intermolecular hydrogen bonding plays an important role in stabilising organogels.

Theoretical Investigations into the Intermolecular Hydrogen-bonding Interactions between Azacyclopentane-2-one and N-Methylol Ethanone

The structures of the complexes formed between N-methylol ethanone （model molecule of ceramide） and azacyclopentane-2-one （the model molecule of azone） have been fully optimized at the B3LYP/6-311＋＋G＊＊ level. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction energies have been calculated by using the B3LYP/6-311＋＋G＊＊, B3LYP/6-311＋＋G（2df,2p）, MP2（full）/6-311 ＋＋G＊＊ and MP2（full）/6-311 ＋＋G（2df,2p） methods, respectively. The results show that strong O-H…O=C, N-H…O=C and C-H…O=C hydrogen bonds could exist between azacyclopentane-2-one and N-methylol ethanone. The formation of the complexes might change the conformation of ceramide molecule and thus cause better percutaneous permeation for the drugs. This is perhaps the origin of the permeation enhances the activity of azone for medicament, as is in accordance with the experimental results. The hydrogen-bonding interactions follow the order of （a） 〉 （c） 〉 （b） 〉 （d） 〉 （g） ≈ （e） ≈ （i） 〉 （h） 〉 （f）. The analyses of frequency, NBO, AIM and electron density shift are used to further reveal the nature of the complex formation. In the range of 263.0- 328.0 K, the complex is formed via an exothermic reaction, and the solvent with lower temperature and dielectric constant is favorable to this process.

Theoretical Studies on Intermolecular Hydrogen-bond Interactions between Hexamethylenetetramine and Nitric Acid

The structures of the complexes generated by hexamethylenetetramine and nitric acid have been fully optimized by B3LYP method at the 6-311＋＋G＊＊ and aug-cc-pVTZ levels. The intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions have been calculated by the B3LYP/6-311＋＋G＊＊, B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ, MP2（full）/6-311＋＋G＊＊ and CCSD（T）/6-311＋＋G＊＊ methods, respectively. The NBO （nature bond orbital）, AIM （atom in molecule）, temperature effect and solvation effect have been analyzed to reveal the origin of the interactions. The results indicate that the stable hydrogen-bonded complexes could be generated by hexamethylenetetramine and nitric acid. The interactions follow the order of （a）（e）（b）（c）（d）（f）（g）. The C–N bonds which are adjacent to the methylene involving the hydrogen bonds tend to break in the chemical reaction. Due to the exothermic process, low temperature is conducive to the formation of the composition, which tallies with the experimental result.

A new method for quick predicting the strength of intermolecular hydrogen bonds

A new method is proposed to quick predict the strength of intermolecular hydrogen bonds.The method is employed to produce the hydrogen-bonding potential energy curves of twenty-nine hydro-gen-bonded dimers.The calculation results show that the hydrogen-bonding potential energy curves obtained from this method are in good agreement with those obtained from MP2/6-31+G calculations by including the BSSE correction,which demonstrate that the method proposed in this work can be used to calculate the hydrogen-bonding interactions in peptides.

Investigation on the Percutaneous Enhancing Permeation Mechanism of Azone for Ketoprofen Based on the Intermolecular Hydrogen-bonding Interaction

The permeation enhancing activity of Azone for ketoprofen through excised cavia skins was investigated using Franz diffusion cell. The possible hydrogen-bonded complexes formed between ketoprofen and the model molecule of Azone as azacyclopentane-2-one were fully optimized at the B3LYP/6-311＋＋G＊＊ level. The intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions were calculated using the B3LYP/6-311＋＋G＊＊, B3LYP/6-311＋＋G（2df, 2p）, MP2（full）/6-311＋＋G＊＊ and MP2（full）/6-311＋＋G（2df, 2p） methods, respectively. The results show that the steady-state permeation rate of ketoprofen through excised cavia skins enhances over 9 times in the solvent with 2% Azone as compared with the solvent without Azone. The stable O–H…O=C and N–H…O=C hydrogen-bonded complexes could exist between azacyclopentane and ketoprofen. The hydrogen-bonding interaction energy follows the order of（a） 〉（b） 〉（c） 〉（d） 〉（g）〉（e） 〉（h） 〉（f）. The formation of the complexes leads to the change of the conformation and molecular polarity of ketoprofen, and thus causes a better percutaneous permeation for the drug. The analyses of AIM（atom in molecule） and shift of electron density were used to further reveal the nature of the enhancing permeation activity of Azone for ketoprofen. The investigations of the temperature and solvent effects confirm that ketoprofen might enter into the skin by means of the Azone complex.

Investigation of inter-molecular hydrogen bonding in the binary mixture (acetone+water) by concentration dependent Raman study and ab initio calculations

This paper reports that vibrational spectroscopic analysis on hYdrogen-bonding between acetone and water comprises both experimental Raman spectra and ab initio calculations on structures of various acetone/water complexes with changing water concentrations. The optimised geometries and wavenumbers of the neat acetone molecule and its complexes are calculated by using ab initio method at the MP2 level with 6-311＋G（d,p） basis set. Changes in wavenumber position and linewidth （fullwidth at half maximum） have been explained for neat as well as binary mixtures with different mole fractions of the reference system, acetone, in terms of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The combination of experimental Raman data with ab initio calculation leads to a better knowledge of the concentration dependent changes in the spectral features in terms of hydrogen bonding.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Co(DMSO)_2(H_2O)_2(SCN)_2 with One-dimensional Hydrogen-bonded Structure (DMSO = Dimethylsulfoxide)

The title complex Co（DMSO）2（H2O）2（SCN）2 has been prepared and structurally characterized. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/n with a= 5.1981（9）, b = 11.944（2）, c = 12.646（2） A,β = 98.686（2）°, V = 776.2（2） A^3, C6H16CoN2O4S4, Mr = 367.38, Z = 2, De = 1.572 g/cm^3, F（000） = 378 and μ（MoKa） = 1.646 mm^-1. The structure was refined to R= 0.0232 and wR = 0.0645 for 1241 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. In the title complex, each Co（II） atom is octahedrally coordinated by four O atoms from two DMSO ligands and two water molecules as well as two N atoms from SCN^- ions. The title molecules are connected to each other through intermolecular hydrogen bonds to form a 1-D structure extended by eight-membered Co2O4H2 rings.

Theoretical Studies on the Hydrogen Bond Transfer and Proton Transfer between Anamorphoses of the Dihydrated Glycine Complex

The conversion between anamorphoses of the dihydrated glycine complex was studied by means of B3LYP/6-31＋＋G^＊＊. It was found that proton transfer was accompanied by hydrogen bond transfer in the process of conversion between different kinds of anamorphoses. With proton transfer, the electrostatic action was notably increased and the hydrogen-bonding action was evidently strengthened when the dihydrated neutral glycine complex converts into dihydrated zwitterionic glycine complex. The activation energy required for hydrogen bond transfer between dihydrated neutral glycine complexes is very low （6.32 kJ·mol^-1）; however, the hydrogen bond transfer between dihydrated zwitterionic glycine complexes is rather difficult with the required activation energy of 13.52 kJ·mol^-1 due to the relatively strong electrostatic action. The activation energy required by proton transfer is at least 27.33 kJ·mol^-1, higher than that needed for hydrogen bond transfer. The activation energy for either hydrogen bond transfer or proton transfer is in the bond-energy scope of medium-strong hydrogen bond, so the four kinds of anamorphoses of the dihydrated glycine complex could convert mutually.

Hydrogen Bonded 3D Molecular Self Assembly Constructed from [(Ni(nicotinamide)_2(thiocyanate)_2(H_2O)_2] Complex Showing Spin Canted Anti-ferromagnetic Character

A new three-dimensional nickel（Ⅱ） hydrogen-bonded molecular self assembly containing [（Ni（nicotinamide）2（thiocyanate）2（H2O）2] complex has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,FTIR spectroscopy,thermal analysis and magnetic measurements.Structural analysis reveals that the complex crystallizes in triclinic space group P1（crystal data a = 7.5574,b = 8.2683,c = 9.0056 A,α = 73.010,β = 69.698,γ = 66.51） and exhibits a distorted octahedral coordination sphere.Most interesting point in its structure is the involvement of sulphur atom of thiocyanate moiety in the trifurcated hydrogen bonding to build up the hydrogen-bonded self assembly.The magnetic behavior as determined by squid magnetometer（2~300 K temp.range） reveals dominating antiferromagnetic interaction followed by spin canting behavior below 20 K.

杂芳烃的非共价相互作用:噻唑-甲酸复合物的转动光谱

本文利用脉冲超声射流-傅立叶变换微波光谱结合量子化学理论计算探究了噻唑与甲酸之间的非共价成键特征.在超声射流条件下成功检测到噻唑-HCOOH和噻唑-HCOOD的转动光谱,并且分辨了^(14)N核四极耦合超精细光谱结构.观察到的构象具有Cs对称性,该结构中噻唑和甲酸之间形成了一个O-H…N氢键和一个C-HO氢键,采用Johnson非共价相互作用分析和对称匹配微扰理论分析,进一步阐明了复合物中分子间非共价相互作用的性质.

Density Functional Theory Studies on the Intermolecular Interactions of Five Aza-calix[6]arene Host with HMX

Five fully optimized structures of complexes between aza-calix[6]arene host monomers（Ma～Me） and complexes（a～e） have been obtained at the B3LYP/6-31G（d） level.Natural bond orbital（NBO） analysis was performed to reveal the origin of the interaction.The intermolecular interaction energy was evaluated with basis set superposition error correction（BSSE） and zero point energy correction（ZPEC）.The B3LYP/6-31G（d） calculations on the five complexes have shown that the greatest interaction（–13.98 kJ/mol） is found in the complex between HMX and hexa-aza-calix[3]-p-tri-arene[3]-2-amido-1,3,5-tri-azine.The results have indicated that intermolecular interaction energies of aza-calix[6]arenes with substituted group are stronger than those without substituted group,and those with amido are greater than with nitryl.Thus,hexa-azacalix[3]-p-tri-arene[3]-2-amido-1,3,5-tri-azine is rather equal to eliminate HMX from explosive waste water.

Theory Studies on the Intermolecular Interactions of Urea Nitrate with RDX

Six fully optimized geometries of urea nitrate cation and RDX complexes have been obtained with DFT-B3LYP and MP2 methods at the 6-311＋＋G＊＊ level. The intermolecular interaction energies have been calculated with basis set superposition error （BSSE） and zero point energy （ZPE） correction. The nature of intermolecular interaction has been revealed by the analysis of AIM and NBO. The results indicate that the greatest binding energy of urea nitrate with RDX is –82.47kJ/mol. The O–H…O and N–H…O hydrogen bonds are important intermolecular interactions of urea nitrate cation with RDX, and the origin of hydrogen bonds is the oxygen atom offering its lone-pair electrons to the σ（O-H）＊ or σ（O-H）＊ antibonding orbital. The intermolecular interactions strengthen the N–NO2 bond, leading to the reduced sensitivity of urea nitrate and RDX mixture explosive.

拉曼和全反射红外光谱法对四氢呋喃-水体系分子间氢键的研究

利用拉曼和全反射红外光谱法研究了四氢呋喃-水体系分子间氢键随着水含量增加的变化。对于单一四氢呋喃组分,分子间氢键存在于C—H键与C—O键之间;随着水含量的增加,四氢呋喃分子间氢键逐渐被四氢呋喃-水分子间氢键取代,C—O键的红外高频位移证明了这一过程。当水含量达到4.6%(体积分数)左右时,C—C—C—C环呼吸振动峰随水含量变化曲线出现转折点,该点组分中四氢呋喃和水的含量与共沸物基本一致,由此可见少量水对四氢呋喃物理性能的影响主要基于两者之间氢键作用方式的变化。

基于DFT和COSMO-RS理论研究多元胺型离子液体吸收SO_(2)气体

开展以质子化的正己胺([HHexam]^(+))、己基乙二胺([HHexen]^(+))及己基二亚乙基三胺([HHexdien]^(+))为阳离子,TFSA[(CF3SO_(2))2N-]为阴离子的质子化离子液体(PILs),即[HHexam][TFSA]、[HHexen][TFSA]及[HHexdien][TFSA]型PILs吸收SO_(2)的研究。首先,选择密度泛函理论,在M06-2X/6-311G(d,p)水平下,优化得到PILs-nSO_(2)(n=1,2,3,4,5,6)的若干个最优构象,PILs阳离子极性头部N—H与SO_(2)的O原子间形成N—H…O型氢键。N—H…O部位的振动频率、二阶微扰能、电子密度的结果显示,[HHexam][TFSA]、[HHexen][TFSA]及[HHexdien][TFSA]分别与3、4、5分子SO_(2)结合时,其氢键能达到最大值:57、67、85 kJ/mol,并不再与更多的SO_(2)形成氢键网络,说明PILs对SO_(2)的吸收达到饱和。可以看出,随着PILs结构中氨基数目的增多,其对SO_(2)的吸收能力随之增强。同时,采用COSMOtherm软件,计算了SO_(2)气体在1 mol PILs中的溶解度分别为5.0、5.3、6.2 mol,即随着阳离子结构中氨基数目的增多,使得其对SO_(2)的吸收能力增强,这与密度泛函理论计算得到的结论基本相一致。

多元胺-TFSA型质子化离子液体吸收CO_(2)的理论分析

开展了以质子化的正己胺(HHexam^(+))、己基乙二胺(HHexen^(+))及己基二亚乙基三胺(HHexdien^(+))为阳离子的TFSA[==(CF_(3)SO_(2))_(2)N^(-)]型质子化离子液体(PILs),即[HHexam][TFSA]、[HHexen][TFSA]及[HHexdien][TFSA]型PILs吸收CO_(2)的研究。首先,选择密度泛函理论,在M06-2X/6-311G(d,p)水平下,对上述3种PILs的构型进行优化,分别得到了其较稳定构象,结果显示,PILs的阳离子中N—H和阴离子中N原子间主要形成N—H···N型较强氢键。然后,分别利用其中最稳定构象,创建并优化PILs-nCO_(2)构型,PILs和nCO_(2)分子间主要形成N—H···O型弱或中等强度氢键。主要氢键部位N—H···O中N—H键的振动频率的变化值、电子密度值及二阶微扰能的计算结果显示,[HHexam][TFSA]、[HHexen][TFSA]及[HHexdien][TFSA]分别与2、3、4分子CO_(2)结合时将不再形成氢键网络。采用COSMOtherm软件计算的CO_(2)在3种PILs中的亨利常数(kPa)大小为[HHexam][TFSA](1.91×10^(4))>[HHexen][TFSA](1.68×10^(4))>[HHexdien][TFSA](1.51×10^(4)),即3种PILs对CO_(2)的溶解能力大小为极性头部具有3个氨基的[HHexdien][TFSA]>2个氨基的[HHexen][TFSA]>1个氨基的[HHexam][TFSA]。以上结果中可以看出,PILs结构中氨基数目的多少对其吸收CO_(2)的能力有较显著影响,即随着PILs结构中氨基数目的增多,其对CO_(2)的溶解能力随之增大。

AN INVESTIGATION ON THE ab initio CALCULATION OF INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTION——NON-BONDED INTERACTION IN THE HYDROGEN BOND COMPLEX (HF)_2

An ab initio calculation of the hydrogen bond complex (HF)_2 is given with the 6-311 G^(**) basis set, according to which the potential surface around the balance point of the distancès and the orientations between two HF molecules is obtained. The atomic charges in the system are calculated with the PD/LSF method (potential-derived/least-square-fitting method) and then an analysis of the hydrogen bond interaction between two HF molecules is given with the (exp-6-1) potential function, by means of which it is shown that the main interaction between them is not an electro-static but a charge transfer one. The potential curve between two HF molecules is like a Morse function.

含有酯基及酰胺基柔链的苯并菲盘状液晶的合成、分子间氢键对柱状介晶性的影响

合成了三个系列,共二十四个有两种不同软链的对称和非对称苯并菲盘状液晶化合物,C18H6(OR)3-(OCH2COOEt)3,C18H6(OR)3(OCH2COOBu)3,C18H6(OR)3(OCH2CONHBu)3,其中R=C5H11,C6H13,C7H15,C8H17.化合物通过柱层析纯化,结构通过1HNMR,IR,元素分析等确证.化合物热稳定性通过TGA测定,并显示出较高的热稳定性.通过偏光显微镜和差视扫描量热法对这些化合物的热致液晶性进行了研究.结果显示:对于苯并菲液晶化合物C18H6(OR)3(OCH2COOEt)3,非对称性化合物较之对称异构体化合物有更低的熔点和更高的清亮点,因而非对称性化合物有更宽的介晶温度范围.对于分子中含有酰胺基的苯并菲液晶化合物C18H6(OR)3(OCH2CONHBu)3,对称化合物有比非对称异构体更高的清亮点和更有序的六方柱状介晶相,且其与具有同样软链长度的分子中不含酰胺基的化合物系列C18H6(OR)3(OCH2COOBu)3相比较,由于柱内分子间氢键的形成,不仅有更高的熔点和清亮点,而且有更丰富的柱状介晶相.