Establishing a mechanism for international cooperation for Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water monitoring

The Japanese government’s unilateral decision to discharge the nuclear-contaminated water from the Fukushima nuclear power plant into the ocean has caused immense nuclear safety risks.Monitoring the unclear contaminated water is a starting point to combat these risks and seek remedies for the rights and interests of all concerned parties.The establishment of a mechanism for international cooperation in this respect is necessary to handle the risks of the Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water and to lay the foundation of a framework for tackling any future disposal of nuclear-contaminated water following Japan’s example.At present,the international legal systems in the spheres of nuclear safety and security,marine environmental protection,and other areas,as well as the questioning of the monitoring reports of the International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)by the relevant parties,the monitoring practices of historical nuclear accidents,and numerous radioactivity monitoring mechanisms have provided the institutional and practical basis for constructing such a mechanism.The mechanism can be promoted by the IAEA through its existing mechanisms or be jointly initiated by China,the Russian Federation,the Republic of Korea,the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,and the Pacific Island countries,among other stakeholders.Specifically,this mechanism should consist of three levels:first,the framework of the basic legal system,including the cooperative principles of national sovereignty,interest-relatedness,and procedural fairness,and the signing of the Framework Convention on the Monitoring of Fukushima’s nuclear-contaminated water and its Optional Protocol;second,the organizational structure and its responsibilities,which may include the Conference of Parties as the decision-making body,the Secretariat as the central coordinating body,and the monitoring committees in various fields as specific implementing agencies;and third,specific administrative arrangements,which involve the standardization of monitoring,the management system of monitoring networks and stations,the rules for monitoring procedures,and the rules for the utilization of the monitoring data,etc.With the urgent need for the scientific and fair monitoring of Fukushima’s nuclear-contaminated water,China,as a stakeholder country,can promote the establishment of such a mechanism for monitoring nuclear-contaminated water through the following paths:①It is necessary to clarify the factors affecting the construction of an international cooperation mechanism for monitoring nuclear-contaminated water so as to ascertain the standpoints of the stakeholders,claims of their interests,contents of their cooperation,and the relevant international relations.②On the basis of existing practices,China should consider improving the monitoring mechanism to cope with the risks of the discharge of Fukushima’s nuclear-contaminated water by formulating targeted policies and systems,setting up specialized monitoring institutions,and establishing a systematic monitoring network system.③This is an effective way for China to actively promote the participation of stakeholders in the construction of an international cooperation mechanism for monitoring nuclear-contaminated water in Fukushima by further innovating the dissemination mechanism to address the risk of Fukushima’s nuclear-contaminated water discharging into the sea and facilitating the identification of issues for international cooperation in monitoring Fukushima’s nuclear-contaminated water based on the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind.

Promoting China-U.S.Arctic education cooperation:challenges,opportunities and recommendations

Arctic education refers not only to the teaching,but also to research,communication,dissemination as well as popularization of knowledge related to the Arctic.This article reviews joint efforts between Chinese and American educators and researchers to promote cooperation and understanding in Arctic education and research,and examines the facing challenges of China-U.S.Arctic education cooperation which include current political or economic tensions between the two countries,the differing perspectives and priorities on Arctic policy,the disproportion in Arctic scientific research,different research methodologies and discourse system in social science.This article also argues that there are opportunities for the two countries to cooperate in Arctic education.Common goals and interests in the Arctic,Arctic-dedicated institutions with significant Arctic research capabilities and partnerships around the world provide foundations for Arctic education cooperation.The implementation of a new science-based Arctic treaty of the Arctic Council is an opportunity for China-U.S.Arctic education cooperation.As for future cooperation,it suggests that in addition to promoting the direct bilateral cooperation,cooperation within international cooperation platforms and mechanisms,especially within the Arctic Council also needs to be further promoted.

Analysis of International Cooperation Management Strategies of Enterprises under the Background of the“Belt and Road”

With the deepening of the“Belt and Road”initiative,Chinese enterprises are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges for international cooperation.This paper mainly analyzes the current situation,existing problems,and coping strategies of enterprise international cooperation management in the context of the“Belt and Road”.This article expounds on the importance of the“Belt and Road”initiative for international cooperation of enterprises and analyzes the key links of international cooperation management of enterprises from the aspects of internationalization strategy,cross-cultural management,risk prevention and control,and resource integration.Finally,combined with the case,this paper puts forward the management strategies and suggestions that enterprises should adopt in international cooperation,to provide a useful reference for Chinese enterprises in international cooperation in the construction of the“Belt and Road.”

To establish CMOC China as an important component of marine data and service international cooperation in China

JCOMM has strategy to establish the network of WMO-IOC Centres for Marine-meteorological and Oceanographic Climate Data （CMOCs） under the new Marine Climate Data System （MCDS） in 2012 for improving the quality and timeliness of the marine-meteorological and oceanographic data, metadata and products available to end users. China as a candidate of CMOC China has been approved to run on a trial basis after the 4th Meeting of the Joint IOC/WMO Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology （JCOMM）. This article states the developing intention of CMOC China in the next few years through the brief introduction to critical marine data, products and service system and cooperation projects in the world.

Strengthening International Cooperation in the New Millennium

Attheturnofthenewmillennium,IwouldliketoextendthebestwishestoallChineseandforeignfriendsofeconomicandtradecircles,onbehalfofChinaCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTrade(CCPIT)andChinaChamberofInternationalCommerce(CCOIC).CCPIThasbeendedicatedtopro...

An outstanding example of cooperation between Arctic and non-Arctic countries in cryosphere and climate research: Sino-Finnish cooperation for more than 30 years

The cryosphere is interconnected with other components of the climate system through global exchange of water,energy,and carbon.Long-term sustainable and pragmatic scientific and technological cooperation on the cryosphere and climatology in polar and sub-polar regions between China and Finland began in the 1980s.The fields of bilateral cooperation include joint training of young scientists,joint field observations,climatological and ecological researches of polar and sub-polar sea ice,glaciers and frozen lakes,etc.The year 2020 marked the 70th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Finland.In order to celebrate the great achievements by Chinese and Finnish scientists in the fieldsof cryosphere and climate research,the Advances in Polar Science invited scientists from both sides to jointly organize a Special Issue entitled“Sino-Finnish cooperation on cryosphere and climatology in polar and sub-polar regions”.In this Special Issue,we have collected 10 papers,with most papers created jointly by scientists of both sides.The fruitful scientific achievement is strongly benefited from the sustainability of cooperation.Monitoring,research,prediction,mitigation,and adaptation to the climate change in the polar and sub-polar regions will definitively stay in the focus for many decades to come.A new era of Finnish-Chinese scientific collaboration on cryosphere has begun.

Putting Faces to Names： Snapshots of Two Committee Meetings, 95 Years Apart, Emphasize Continuous International Cooperation in the Atmospheric Sciences

1.Introduction Spectacular advances have been made in the atmospheric sciences on a global level during a period of one hundred years or more,which is arguably most evident through"the quiet revolution of numerical weather prediction"(Bauer et

International Cooperation in Adaptation to Climate Change: Foreign Agendas or Local Necessities?

The paper aims to analyze climate change adaptation projects funded from international cooperation in Veracruz, which is a Mexican state. They used 5 criteria based on international, national and local dimensions as well as their relation to climate adaptation. From this evaluation, they were able to determine that the results were particularly negative. Mostly, because the objectives set by donor countries are scarcely related to the objectives and priorities of recipient countries, in this case developing countries, which are the most vulnerable to climate change. This provides insight into international collaborative projects in developing states and their impact on the socioeconomic, environmental and vulnerable ecosystems.

Developing International Economic and Technological Cooperation in Zhe Jiang

Zhejiang is a coastal province with advanced economy,solid foundation of industry and agriculture and all-comprehensive industry sectors,and with lignht industry andtextile as the mainstay Its popularized education,advancedscience and technology and ample supply of high-quality labourforce benefit itselt involving in foreign project contracting,labour export and overseas investment.Since 1979,Zhejianghas accepted more than ten foreign projects worth US$300million and supplied labour service to 40 countries。

Foreign Cooperation and Development Trends of the Russian Petroleum Industry and Prospects of Sino-Russian Cooperation in Oil and Gas

This article is focused on the analysis of the international cooperation of the Russian petroleum industry and its development trend. Also discussed here are the patterns that the foreign oil companies used in acquiring Russian petroleum assets, and the cooperation models of petroleum exploration and production in Russia. The Russian government encourages foreign oil companies to establish strategic alliances with domestic companies that keep good relations with the government. To achieve this goal, the government provides foreign companies with the space for cooperation in such aspects as advanced technology and management culture. International cooperation in petroleum industry will be further developed under the macro-control of the Russia State energy strategy. The energy cooperation between China and Russia will enter a new phase full of hopes and challenges after the past unfavorable situation is gradually overcome.

Review on international cooperation of CNC-IHDP

Chinese National Committee for the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change （CNC-IHDP） is a newly founded academic organization in China aiming at promoting the research on Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Changes （HDGEC）. Intemational cooperation is an important part of CNC-IHDP＇s activities. This paper makes a brief review on current international cooperation that has been developed, and introduces some aspects on which to focus in future.

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION PROMOTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

On the occasion of celebrating the 45th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), in recalling the development history of the CAS’s international exchange and cooperation,we feel gratified to see that it has entered into an unprecedented era of dynamic expansion and progress. The CAS’s international cooperation experienced a stage of "exchange only with eastern countries" in its inceptive years and at a time of actual stagnation in"cultural revolution". It was the Third Session of the Eleventh Congress of the Chinese Communist

Research on the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity among the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation countries

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation(SCO)is the most extensive and populous comprehensive regional cooperation organization in the world,covering about half of the world's population,with not only a huge consumer market,but also rich natural resources and strong productivity.As one of the important platforms for the implementation of the Green Belt and Road Initiative,it is an important opportunity for the SCO to actively participate in global governance and contribute to building a community of global life.To investigate the status of biodiversity conservation in the SCO countries,we used literature analysis approach.We surveyed the performance and international cooperation status of the SCO countries in the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD),listed facing problems and threats to biodiversity conservation,including not optimistic biodiversity conservation project implementation status,contradiction between ecological protection and economic development,impacts of human activities,lack of funds and talents,etc.,and analyzed the biodiversity protection needs of the SCO countries from the perspectives of project and policy implementation status and international cooperation.According to the cooperation between China and the other SCO countries on biodiversity conservation and the post-2020 global biodiversity framework goals,we gave some recommendations:(1)promoting access to genetic resources and benefit-sharing;(2)integrating multiple funds and innovating the implementation of funding mechanism;(3)developing talent training and exchange programs and deepening multilateral cooperation;(4)strengthening cross-border cooperation and improving cooperation network;and(5)establishing a coordination mechanism for biodiversity conservation within the framework of the SCO.

International Cooperation Projects in Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

1. CERP The Cooperative Ecological Research Programme (CERP) is a joint plan to study the Man and Biosphere (MAB) ecosystem in our country, founded by Germany through UNESCO. The second-stage projects of CERP had been undertaken in 1991, including: (1) Study on the Ecological Strategy for the Urban Development of Tianjin City Exemplifying the large industrial city, it is to study the succession mechanism, cybernetic characteristics, and systems analytic methods of identification, simulation and planning, of the Social-Economic-Natural Com-

Internationalized Talents Cultivation of Yunnan and South-Asia Propelled by Joint Efforts of Government, University and Enterprise On International Exchange and Cooperation Among Yunnan and South-Asia Under ＂The Belt and Road Initiative＂

＂The Belt and Road Initiative＂ needs internationalized talents. To deepen the international cooperation of higher education with South-Asia countries depends on the cooperation and joint efforts from government, universities, and enterprises, which aimed at promoting internationalized talents＇ development. What＇s more, they should verify their responsibilities and strengthen their relationships and connects, jointly improving international talents cultivation of Yunnan and South-Asia countries. Therefore, more high quality talents with high identity for ＂The Belt and Road Initiative＂ will be cultivated, which will promote the economic development of Yunnan province and South-Asia countries.

A Project of Sinosteel LIRR Gained International S&T Cooperation Special Funds

Currently, ＂ Porous SiC Multi-phase Ceramics with Hierarchical Heterogeneities for Filtrating High Temperature Soot＂ , a project of Sinosteel LIRR, gained International S＆T Cooperation Special Funds from Ministry of Science and Technology of China.

International Economic Cooperation (Monthly)

International Economic Cooperation, sponsored by the International Economic Cooperation Research Institute under the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, is an authoritative, directive monthly covering foreign economic cooperation in China. The journal has 20 sections, including transnational management, contract engineering, joint venture and Cooperation, economic and trade practice, top-level information, the World Economy, Labour Cooperation, International Finance, and International Marketing, and it is

More International Cooperation for Better Buildings

I.International cooperation in building consultancy&design in Beijing Generally,developed countries such as the UK,France,USA and Australia are leading in the world in building consultancy & design,as some landmark buildings in Beijing were codesigned by China and these countries.The

The Belt and Road Initiatives and China＇s International Energy Cooperation： Progress, Mechanisms, and Recommendations

China＇s international energy cooperation and energy security are important parts of The Belt and Road initiatives. China and the countries along the Belt and Road continue to promote cooperation, actively use the existing bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms to promote the regional and inter-regional energy cooperation. Countries along the Belt and Road are rich in oil and gas resources; their demand on the diversification of export meet with the diversification demand on imports of consumption countries; and their oil refining and chemical technology as well as construction capacity is weak, which provides a lot of new opportunities in cooperation for Chinese enterprises. However, the energy cooperation of Chinese enterprises are also facing some challenges in the complex environment of energy cooperation, the interference of big powers, non-traditional security threats, and energy policy factors. Finally, the paper puts forward the strategic thinking of China＇s international energy cooperation under the new situation.