Hot Vertical-Displacement-Event Process due to Internal Energy Perturbations for HL-2M Tokamak Plasma

During the tokamak operation, variation of the stored energy can cause internal perturbations of the plasma. These perturbations may develop into large-scale vertical movement of the whole column for the vertically elon- gated tokamak, eventually generating the hot vertical displacement event （VIDE,）. It will cause considerable damage to the machine. In this work, the hot VDE process due to stored energy perturbations is investigated by a mature non-linear time-evolution code DINA. The influence on the vertical instability, the displacement direction and the electromagnetic loads on in-vessel components during the hot VDE are analyzed. It is shown that a larger perturbation leads to faster development of the vertical instability. Meanwhile the variation of the Shafranov shift, due to the energy change, is related to the VDE direction. The vertical electromagnetic force on the vacuum vessel and the halo current flowing in the divertor baffle become larger in the case of VDE moving towards the X point.

Finite element simulation and microstructure of two-pass inner spinning process of curved-generatrix cone cylindrical parts with annealing/quenching

A two-pass annealing/quenching internal spinning process with small-end rotations is proposed to form a curved generatrix conical thin-walled shell.That is,annealing at 360°C for 2 h followed by the 1st pass spinning,and finally quenching in ice water after holding for 1 h at 498°C followed by the 2nd pass spinning.ABAQUS finite element software is used to simulate the internal spinning process of the products formed under different forming parameters.The distribution laws of spinning force,the stress and strain under different forming processes were compared and analyzed.The mechanical properties and microstructure of the products are subsequently analyzed.The results show that the strain and the residual stress in the skin area of the formed products under two-pass spinning process more uniform,and the hardness and the mechanical performance are improved.The microstructure of the products formed with the 0.15 mm thickness reduction at the 2nd pass is excellent.And the second phase grain size distributed uniformly in the range of 36μm.Whereas,the second phase particles are broken seriously and the size distribution inhomogeneity is increased when the thickness reduction in the skin area is greater than 0.20 mm at the 2nd pass spinning process.

NEW PROGRESS IN MINERAL PROCESSING——REPORT ON FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MODERN PROCESS MINERALOGY AND MINERAL PROCESSING

The first International Conference on Modern Process Mineralogy and Mineral Processing, organized by the Nonferrous Metals Society of China and hosted by Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,was held on September 22-25,1992,in Beijing,China.About 350 scholars and experts from 25 countries and regions showed up at the conference and 130 papers were presented,among them 98 papers are of mineral processing.Some of the papers given in mineral processing are summed up as follows.

The First Pacific Rim International Conference on Advanced Materials and Processing

The First Pacific Rim International Confer-ence on Advanced Materials and Processing(PRICM-1)organized by The Chinese Society ofMetals(CSM),and co-sponsored by the Japan In-stitute of Metals(JIM),the Korean Institute ofMetals(KIM)and The Mineral,Metals & Materi-als Society of the United States(TMS),was held inShangri-La Hotel,Hangzhou,China on June24-27,1992.It was the first large international conference

5^(th)International Conference on Intelligent Information Processing (IIP2008)

September 10 ~12 ,2008,Lyon,France The IIP conference series provides aforumfor engineers andscientistsin academia,university andindustryto present theirlatest researchfindings in any aspects of intelligent information processing.This ti me , we especially encourage papers on Knowledge Discovery , Knowledge Management ,Intelligent Agents , Machine Learning, Autonomic Reasoning etc.We also welcome papers that highlight successful modern applications of IIP,such as Biomedicine ,Bioinformatics ,e-Services ,e-Learning, Business Intelligence.IIP2008 attempts to meet the needs of a large and diverse community.

Interpreting the dynamic effect of internal heat integration on reactive distillation columns

In this work,the impact of internal heat integration upon process dynamics and controllability by superposing reactive section onto stripping section,relocating feed locations,and redistributing catalyst within the reactive section is explored based on a hypothetical ideal reactive distillation system containing an exothermic reaction:A + BC + D.Steady state operation analysis and closed-loop controllability evaluation are carried out by comparing the process designs with and without the consideration of internal heat integration.For superposing reactive section onto stripping section,favorable effect is aroused due to its low sensitivities to the changes in operating condition.For ascending the lower feed stage,somewhat detrimental effect occurs because of the accompanied adverse internal heat integration and strong sensitivity to the changes in operating condition.For descending the upper feed stage,serious detrimental effect happens because of the introduced adverse internal heat integration and strong sensitivity to the changes in operating condition.For redistributing catalyst in the reactive section,fairly small negative influence is aroused by the sensitivity to the changes in operating condition.When reinforcing internal heat integration with a combinatorial use of these three strategies,the decent of the upper feed stage should be avoided in process development.Although the conclusions are derived based on the hypothetical ideal reactive distillation column studied,they are considered to be of general significance to the design and operation of other reactive distillation columns.

Preliminary Announcement for the 1st Pacific Rim International Conference on Advanced Materials and Processing(PRICM-1)

The Joint Conference Organizing Committee of The Chinese Society of Metals(CSM),The Japan Insti-tute of Metals(JIM),The Korean Institute of Metals(KIM)and The Minerals,Metals & Materials Society(TMS)announces The First Pacific Rim International Conference on Advanced Materials and Processing(PRICM-1)which will be held in Hangzhou,China,in the last week of June,1992 lasting about four days.It is agreed that the PRICM-1 will be organized by The Chinese Society of Metals.

INFLUENCES OF NONSTATIONARY PROCESS ON INTERNAL PARAMETERS AND WIND PROFILES IN THE PLANETARY BOUNDARY LAYER

In this paper,under the assumption of neutral and barotropic atmosphere,by means of the analytic solution of motion equation of PBL,the influences of nonstationary process on the internal parameters u_*/A(A is the wind speed at the top of PBL)and ■(the angle between winds near the surface and at the top of PBL)of PBL are investigated in which the wind direction at the top of PBL is a periodic function of time but the wind speed at the top of PBL does not change.The u_*/A increases and ■ decreases when the wind direction at the top of PBL rotates anticlockwise and vice versa.Hence the parameterization of PBL in the large-scale models derived under the stationary condition should be corrected by accounting for the nonstationary process.The similar results are obtained in the numerical solution of the motion equation of PBL.The influences of this nonstationary process on the profiles of the wind in PBL are also analyzed.

Preface

Recent years witness an increased awareness of the value of both metrics data collection and measurement method standardization to software organizations. This trend is coupled with the commitment of both researchers and practitioners to adapt existing measurement methods to new technology projects. For example, the creation of large empirical databases of software projects, such as the ISBSG （International Software Benchmarking Standards Group）, of new functional size measurement standards such as COSMIC Full Function Points （FFP）,