Analyze Chinese capital escape ＆ international moving capital influx from net errors and omissions in the balance of payments

With the rapid economic development, the imbalance of China＇s balance of payments gets sever gradually, especially in the continuous increase in the net errors and omissions, which even has exceeded the international alert line. Such scale of net errors and omissions have also presented the flaws of the custody of capital flows, leading to huge capital escape and hot money influx, which needs our attention.

The 8th International Capital Conference held in Beijing

The 8th International Capital Conference （ICC） was held in Beijing on November 30. Vice Chairman of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade （CCPIT）, who is also Vice President of the China Chamber of International Commercial （CCOIC）, Yin Zonghua attended and addressed the conference.

First international standard for human capital reporting

ISO 30414, Human resource management 一 Guidelines for internal and external human capital reporting, is the first in ter national sta ndard that allows an orga nizati on to get a clear view of the actual contributi on of its huma n capital. Applicable to enterprises of all types and sizes, it provides guidelines on core human resources areas such as organizational. culture, recruitment and turnover, productivity, health and safety, and leadership.

How Demographic Structure Determines International Capital Flows

This paper investigated the relationship between demographic structure and international capital flows with panel data of 190 countries over the past 60 years＇ and projection data for the 21st century. As found, from a global perspective, the current account balance （CAB） is negatively related to the dependency ratio, and orresponding to continuous change, international eapital flows tend to move from ＂adult countries＂ to ＂aged or young countries.＂ Since the middle of the 20th century, the U.S., Europe, Japan, China, Southeast Asia, Central Asia, South Asia, West Asia and Africa took turns in exporting capital to other countries. In the 2lst century, Europe, the U.S., Australia and Singapore will keep importing capital, while China in the 2030s, and Southeast Asia in the 2050s will in turn become the main capital importers. Given the demographic structure of China and the world, the future pattern of the international capital flows requires more serious concern and responses.

Re-measuring International Short-term Capital Flow into China with Varying Methods

This paper.fi＇rst conducts a systematic review of domestic and foreign scholars＇ approaches to predicting short-term capital flows, then employs a combination of both direct and indirect methods to carry out its analysis. Three kinds of indicators, both specific and general, are applied in both methods. Thorough consideration is given to short-term international capital inflow from trade, other current account items, capital account, and errors and omissions, as well as other channels through which short term capital might accrue to a nation＇s balance. Based on a comprehensive comparison of year-on-year data, this paper also estimates monthly data using a simplified, indirect calculation approach. Estimates show that, despite a degree of difference in results between methods, most estimates are highly consistent for a given period. Based on monthly estimates, we conclude that turbulence in international financial markets （i.e., the United States subprime mortgage crisis and the European sovereign debt crisis） has had a major impact on China ＇s short-term capital flow.

Hospitality and Tourism International Internships and Perceived Employability

This paper investigates the experiences of UK undergraduate students who have undertaken a one year paid internship abroad within the hotel sector by using a phenomenological approach.Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 final year undergraduate students.The findings shed light on the alignment of key elements of the constructs of positive psychological capital and cosmopolitan human capital,along with strong self-belief in employability as a consequence of the experience.A theoretical model of international experience and positive psych-social development is postulated and contributes to improved practice in internship and employability mentoring and policy decision-making with respect to current internationalisation and employability agendas in the UK’s higher education system.

Aggregate Capital Tied-up by Investment Projects——The Possibility of a Simple Estimation

The aggregate capital needs are a new business economics category which provides a new aspect to evaluate investment projects.The literature does not deal with this category as the project‘s total financial resource requirement.It is the total capital tied-up for the project in its lifetime.For calculation of it,the yearly capital tie-ups are being added together.Based on this,it can be examined the total capital amount,which results in a given net present value,or the total capital amount,which operates according to the given rate of profitability.The paper interprets the category,presents its relationship with the interest rate,and also presents the method of calculation based on model editing.In the case of the internal rate of return,the estimation may be greatly simplified.Instead of determining the yearly amounts and summation of these,the estimation can be carried out also with a simple division of two data.The paper demonstrates the possibility of simplification and shows an example to present the interrelations of data.

Concerning the Capitalization Restriction of Training Cost According to IAS 38

In today＇s knowledge-based economy, the role played by human capital in the determination of the market value of a firm is recognized. To be able to persist in the open competition, entities are forced to invest increasingly in the professional training of their employees. Inconsistent with this rising importance is the prohibition to capitalize professional training cost according to international accounting standards （IAS） 38.69 （b）. Highly qualified employees ensure competitive advantages and thus lead to an increase in shareholder value. Regarding the financial statement as a primary source of information, it does not seem reasonable to leave such a valuable resource completely unnoticed in the balance sheet. Consequently, a truthful representation of a firm＇s asset should take training costs into account. This article pleads for a limitation of this general legal prohibition and analyzes under which premises those expenditures for training can comply with the common criteria of capitalization according to IAS 38.

Study on Agency Models within Internal Capital Market of Enterprise Group

In order to overcome the shortcomings brought up by the single-layer agency relation analyses of agency problems within enterprise group, two-tiered agency models in the internal capital market are set up, and how rent-seeking behaviors of member firms＇ managers affect investment allocation decision made by headquarters manager is demonstrated. From equilibrium solutions of the model, it＇s inferred that the larger the divergence of member firm＇s productivity is, the higher probability of investment allocation distortion is.

Beijing Makes its Move into an'International Fashion Capital'

One goal, four projects -- Beijing International Fashion Center, this three billion Yuan baby is going to represent one of Beijing’s top ambitions -- the forming of the International Clothing City. It’s announced in the China

货币政策、内部资本市场与R＆D融资约束--基于我国上市公司的经验证据

以2008~2015年已披露R&D支出的A股上市公司为样本,实证检验货币政策、内部资本市场与R&D融资约束之间的关系。结果发现,我国企业R&D投资存在较强的融资约束,内部资本市场能在一定程度上缓解R&D融资约束压力。货币政策趋紧时,内部资本市场对R&D融资约束的缓解作用更加明显。

国际资本流动、汇率与预期管理——人民币纳入SDR货币篮子的效应分析

近年来,国际资本流动对人民币汇率走势的影响越发显著,如何引导资本流动成为汇率预期管理的关键。人民币加入SDR,可增进SDR代表性与正当性,同时借助IMF背书,提升国际影响力,引导资本流动。笔者通过构建两国的代际交叠模型探讨货币入篮SDR的作用机理。在信息不对称的理论假设下,货币入篮SDR可以从信息结构影响债权人监督债务人的交易成本,引起资本收益率变动,进而引导资本流动形成汇率波动压力。检验SDR其他权重货币,验证了入篮SDR对资本流动影响的推断。研究发现:影响主要针对长期资本流动,具有滞后性,短期资本不显著;长期资本总量上升,净额受货币发行国资本存量与合意资本的差异影响。人民币纳入SDR有利于加快国际化进程,倒逼制度建设和进一步提升市场开发程度,影响国际资本流动,改变汇率变动的预期。但人民币国际化仍需在币值稳定的基础上推进。

中国R&D资本化核算存在的问题与再测算

国家统计局改革了R&D支出核算方法,但全国层面的R&D资本化核算和调整GDP只是开始。文章从SNA08以及R&D核算的国际经验出发,分析R&D资本化核算的基本问题和处理方法,并基于中国1995—2014年数据进行了再测算,结果明显高于国家统计局核算数,主要归因于折旧率、价格指数、固定资本净回报率、时间跨度等技术参数处理以及重复测算的调整差异。建议区分R&D与自主软件产出、修订技术参数、改进数据来源,覆盖全部知识产权产品的数据基础,加强支出法GDP核算。

货币政策、内部资本市场与R&D投资—现金流敏感性

以2007～2014年披露了研发支出的A股上市公司为样本,实证检验了货币政策、内部资本市场与企业R＆D投资—现金流敏感性三者之间的关系。结果发现：与国有企业相比,民营集团上市公司能更好地利用内部资本市场降低R＆D投资—现金流敏感性;货币供给量的增加能够有效地降低企业R＆D投资—现金流敏感性,货币政策的这种作用在民营企业更加显著;紧缩型货币政策下,内部资本市场对R＆D投资—现金流敏感性的缓解作用显著高于宽松型货币政策,且二者之间存在替代效应,在一定程度上说明了建立内部资本市场促进企业技术创新的必要性。

社会资本、国际R&D溢出与全要素生产率

文章在CH国际R&D溢出模型中内生化社会资本积累,研究了社会资本、国际R&D溢出及TFP三者之间的影响机制。实证研究表明:在长期内我国TFP与国际R&D溢出、社会资本均不存在明显的协整关系,然而与施加了社会资本影响的国际R&D溢出呈现出协整。短期内国际R&D溢出与社会资本的交叉对TFP也能产生较显著影响,虽然存在偏离动向,但经济系统以0.755 6的强反向进行修正。另外,在扩展VAR模型基础上,社会资本与国际R&D溢出对TFP存在Granger意义上的影响。

政府补助、内部资本市场与R&D投入——基于中美贸易摩擦背景的企业集团实证研究

以内部资本市场为中介变量、中美贸易摩擦为调节变量,构建了一个有调节的中介模型,探讨中美贸易摩擦背景下政府补助、内部资本市场与企业R&D投入之间的关系。研究结果表明:政府补助能够提高企业R&D投入水平,内部资本市场在此过程中具有部分中介作用;中美贸易摩擦在政府补助对企业R&D投入影响中起到了有调节的中介作用,既可直接正向调节,也可通过提高内部资本市场对研发投入的影响程度间接调节政府补助与研发投入的关系。

The future of competitive advantage in Oman: Integrating green product innovation, Al, and intellectual capital in business strategies

This study delves into the dynamics of green product innovation,artificial intelligence(Al)adaption,and intellectual capital,investigating their impact on the competitiveness of firms in Oman.It emphasizes the crucial role of government intervention and R&D investments in this process.Based on the responses of 214 top managers in Oman,the research employs structural equation modeling to analyze the intricate relationships between these factors.The findings underscore a significant positive correlation between green innovation,Al implementation,and intellectual capital,with government involvement and R&D investments as vital moderators.This study provides a novel perspective on the synergy of technology,innovation,and intellectual capital in developing economies.It offers essential insights for business leaders,policymakers,and scholars,highlighting the necessity of integrating advanced technologies and sustainable practices in business strategies to achieve competitive advantage.The research adds to the existing body of knowledge on innovation and competitiveness.It offers practical implications for enhancing firm performance in Oman and similar emerging markets.

人民币汇率波动对短期国际资本流动的影响--基于DCC-GARCH模型的分析

文章构建GARCH(1,1)模型并利用2002年12月至2020年12月人民币实际有效汇率数据拟合得到人民币汇率波动率和预期变动率。运用DCC-GARCH模型和非线性Granger因果检验分析人民币汇率波动率、汇率预期变动率在汇率制度演变各阶段中,对我国短期资本流动产生的影响。结果表明:人民币汇率波动率和预期变动率均与短期国际资本波动率呈现负相关关系,人民币汇率波动率和预期变动率越大,短期国际资本流入越少;汇率预期变动率对短期国际资本流动的影响明显高于汇率波动率对其的影响。最后,文章从保持适当外汇储备规模、增强人民币汇率预期管理、加强对跨境资本流动的监测和干预力度三个方面提出政策建议。

Evaluation on the Function and Result of FI under the New Economic Environment

Beginning with analyzing the accomplishment of FI affecting Chinese economy, the text analyzes and tests the effect of FI on our economy by using regression analysis and more simple equation. It turns out that the variety of the total sum of FI is consistent with the development of China’s economy. It discusses the disadvantages of foreign investment which is not used appropriately on economics. According to this, some proposition that how to allure FI and the intensity of alluring FI are probed into under the new economic environment. It provides theoretical basis for government formulating the policy and project of development of economy.

全球经济政策不确定性对国际资本异常流动的影响

全球经济政策不确定性上升会提高国际投资的风险和成本,加上“外国劣势”的影响,投资者会减少对外投资,从而使国际资本出现本土化倾向的异常流动。采用24个发达经济体、25个新兴和发展中经济体2005年第三季度至2022年第四季度的跨国面板数据,将国际资本异常流动分为外逃、撤回、激增、中断4种类型,运用Probit模型分析发现:在样本期间,发达经济体的资本异常流动少于新兴和发展中经济体;全球经济政策不确定性上升会降低资本外逃和激增的概率,并增加资本撤回和中断的概率;全球经济政策不确定性对发达经济体4种异常流动的影响都显著,而对新兴和发展中经济体只显著影响了资本外逃和激增;全球经济政策不确定性会显著影响其他投资的4种异常流动,并显著影响直接投资的外逃和激增、证券投资的外逃和撤回;金融开放水平较低时,金融开放会强化全球经济政策不确定性对国际资本异常流动的影响,但当金融开放水平较高时,全球经济政策不确定性的影响不再显著。因此,应建立国际资本异常流动监测平台,完善国际投资监管机制,并积极推进高水平金融开放。