Create an International Environment for the Peaceful and Steady Development to Boost the Sound Development of Human Rights on the International Stage——An Address at the Opening Ceremony of the 7th Beijing Forum on Human Rights, Spet. 17, 2014

Since its initiation in 2008, the Beijing Forum on Human Rights has been bent on promoting our mutual understanding and expanding our common grounds. It has carried out very fruitful exchanges and researches around many important questions concerning human rights development, and hence attained great achievements. It has played avery constructive role in promoting exchanges about and cooperation in human rights between China and other countries, becoming an important and influential platform for international dialogs over human rights.

Determining the optimal time for bortezomib-based induction chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant in the treatment of multiple myeloma

In our study, we determined the efficacy of bortezomib-based induction therapy followed by autologous stem cell transplant （ASCT） in newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory （R/R） multiple myeloma （MM） patients and compared the advantages of early versus late transplant. We used a retrospective analysis to examine 62 patients, including 46 cases of newly diagnosed MM （early transplant group） and 16 cases of relapsed/refractory MM （late transplant group）. All of these patients received bortezomib-based induction therapy followed by ASCT. The efficacy and side effects of the treatment regimen were analyzed. Patients＇ overall survival （OS） and progression-free survival （PFS） times were determined. The ratio of complete remission to near-complete remission （CR/nCR） was 69.5% versus 56.2% （P=0.361）, respectively, for the early transplant group versus the late transplant group, respectively, after receiving bortezomib-based induction therapy; the overall response rates of the two group were 91.3 % and 81.2 %, respectively （P=0.369）. After receiving ASCT, the CR/nCR of the two groups increased to 84.8% and 81.3%, respectively. The median time required for neutrophil engraftment of the early transplant group and the late transplant group was 11 and 14.5 days, respectively （P=0.003）; the median time required for platelet engra^nent was 13 and 21.5 days （P=0.031）, respectively. There were no significant differences in the toxic side effects observed during induction therapy and ASCT between the two groups. The OS of the two groups was not statistically different （P=0.058）. The PFS of the early transplant group and the late transplant group was 41.6 and 26.5 months, respectively （P=0.008）. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the time of receiving ASCT, the types of M protein, and the International Staging System （ISS） stage were all independent factors that influenced PFS. In conclusion, patients in a suitable condition for ASCT should be recommended to have an early ASCT immediately after diagnosis.

Scholar Plays an Active Role on International Diplomatic Stage

ON more than one occasion, Professor Yuan Ming has been mistaken for a man. It isn’t her appearance, but her high status in academe that confuses people. Yuan, 48, is president of the International Relations Research Institute of Beijing University, managing council member of the China Institute for Study of the United States, council member of the International Strategic Foundation of China and vice-director of the AsianPacific Research Center of Beijing University. Many people who had only heard of Yuan took it for granted that she was

Exploring the R-ISS stage-specific regular networks in the progression of multiple myeloma at single-cell resolution

The Revised International Staging System(R-ISS)is a simple and powerful prognostic tool for multiple myeloma(MM).However,heterogeneity in R-ISS stage is still poorly characterised,hampering improvement of treatments.We used single-cell RNA-seq to examine novel cellular heterogeneity and regular networks in nine MM patients stratified by R-ISS.Plasma cells were clustered into nine groups(P1–P9)based on gene expression,where P1–P5 were almost enriched in stage III.PDIA6 was significantly upregulated in P3 and LETM1was enriched in P1,and they were validated to be upregulated in the MM cell line and in 22 other patients’myeloma cells.Furthermore,in progression,PDIA6 was newly found and verified to be activated by UQCRB through oxidative phosphorylation,while LETM1 was activated by STAT1 via the C-type lectin receptor-signalling pathway.Finally,a subcluster of monocytes was exclusively found in stage III specifically expressed chemokines modulated by ATF3.A few ligand-receptor pairs(CCL3/CCL5/CCL3L1-CCR1)were obviously active in monocyte-plasma communications in stage III.Herein,this study identified novel molecules,networks and crosstalk pairs in different R-ISS stages of MM,providing significant insight for its prognosis and treatment.

Surgical management in pediatric neuroblastoma diagnosis and treatment:a 20-year,single-center experience

Background The currently utilized International Neuroblastoma Risk Group(INRG)staging system developed in 2009 uses image-defined risk factors as a measure of surgical risk,separating resectable neuroblastoma from those best preceded by chemotherapy.The previous International Neuroblastoma Staging System was based primarily on surgical findings.We hypothesized there would be a change to the role of the surgeon in neuroblastoma treatment in the more recent decade.Methods This is a single center 20-year retrospective analysis of 104 patients with International Classification of Diseases-9 and-10 codes for neuroblastoma.Patient demographics,tumor site,cancer treatment modality,survival,biopsy technique,surgical intervention,and pathology staging were collected.Data was analyzed by analysis of variance(ANOVA)and Student’s t test.Results There was a decrease in open surgeries for extra-adrenal neuroblastomas in the later decade(77%,31%,P=0.01).There was a narrowing of the time interval to surgery in the later cohort,likely as a result of uniformity in surgical timing on treatment protocols relying on INRG staging.Conclusions Our findings mirror changes in practice patterns globally.We found an increase in minimally invasive approaches but did not find a difference in the role of the surgeon under the INRG staging system.