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Relationship between the different replication status of HBV and mutations in the core promoter in mothers and their children infected via mother-to-infant transmission 被引量:3
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作者 Hong-Mei Xu Yu-Ling Qing +2 位作者 Ming-Li Peng Ning Ling Hong Ren the Research Institute of Viral Hepatitis, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China 《Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International》 SCIE CAS 2003年第4期557-561,共5页
OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the different replication status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and mutations in the core promoter (CP) in mother and her child infected by mother-to-infant transmission. METHO... OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the different replication status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and mutations in the core promoter (CP) in mother and her child infected by mother-to-infant transmission. METHODS: The core promoter was amplified by PCR and cloned into pGEM-T vector with the T-A choning technique. The recombinant plasmid pGEM-CP was confirmed by digestion with restriction enzyme Apa I and Sac I. Two clones were selected to be sequenced in each patient. RESULTS: Every pair of mother and child had same serotype and genotype and the homology of nucleotides encoding 'a' determinant was 98%-100%. The number of mutations in the core promoter of patients with a high replication status was less than that in those with a low replication status. Mutations were mainly distributed in basia core promoter (BCP) and the inbibitor region of Kunitz-type serine protease. This difference was not associated with mother or child. CONCLUSION: The different replication status of HBV is caused by mutations in the core promoter in mother and child infected hy mother-to-infant transmission and appears to be not associated with the status of development of the infection. 展开更多
关键词 HBV mother-to-infant transmission REPLICATION core promoter mutation
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Risk factors affecting the mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus: a meta analysis 被引量:2
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作者 李晶华 邵中军 +3 位作者 王宗仁 马静 龙铟 姚菊峰 《Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China)》 CAS 2006年第4期268-273,共6页
Objective:To search for risk factors that affect mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV). Methods:To obtain studies eligible for meta-analysis, China biological medicine discs and MEDLINE citations... Objective:To search for risk factors that affect mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV). Methods:To obtain studies eligible for meta-analysis, China biological medicine discs and MEDLINE citations were surveyed. Mother HBV DNA or HBeAg positivity,neonate HBeAg positivity, mode of delivery, threatened abortion and threatened premature labor were processed with meta analysis. Criteria for selection of published studies for meta analysis were based on principle by Abdolmaleky HM. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated and summarized by fixed effect model or random-effects model using RevMan software. The heterogeneity of the group of ORs was assessed using an X^2 test. The significance of the pooled OR was determined by the u-test. The strength of association was assessed using the OR. An OR〉1. 0 indicated a positive association between the risk factor and neonate HBV infection. Results: After meta analysis of factors concerned, a significant association was found between the positivity of HBeAg in mother and neonate, of HBV DNA in mother peripheral serum, and HBV mother-to-infant transmission, with a pooled OR equal to 19.43 (95% CI=8. 77-43. 06), 36.5 (95% CI= 19.85-67. 11), and 36.5 (95 % CI= 19.85-67.11 ) respectively. Mode of delivery, threatened abortion and threatened premature labor proved not to be of risk factors on the mother-to-infant transmission of HBV. Conclusion: Mother HBV DNA or HBeAg positivity and neonate HBeAg positivity were proved to be of risk factors affecting the transmission of HBV from mother to fetal. 展开更多
关键词 mother-to-infant transmission hepatitis B virus risk factor
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A randomized controlled clinical trial: Interruption of intrauterine transmission of hepatitis B virus infection with HBIG 被引量:26
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作者 Qin XH Lin Xi-ao +2 位作者 Xiao-Bo Lu Yue-Xin Zhang Xia Cai 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2006年第21期3434-3437,共4页
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of interruption of intrauterine infection of HBV with HBIG in pregnant women with positive HBeAg and HBsAg.METHODS: A prospective randomized controlled trial was adopted. Sixty cases wi... AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of interruption of intrauterine infection of HBV with HBIG in pregnant women with positive HBeAg and HBsAg.METHODS: A prospective randomized controlled trial was adopted. Sixty cases with positive HBeAg and HBsAg were coincident with the criteria of inclusion, and 8 cases were excluded. Fifty-two cases were analyzed (28 cases in trial group and 24 in control group). All cases in trial group received 200 IU HBIG intravenously every 4 wk for 3 times from the 28^th wk. The cases of control group received placebo in the same way. All pregnant women were detected for HBeAg and HBV-DNA at the beginning of the trial and end of the trial (delivery). The cord blood of all newborns were collected for detecting HBeAg and HBV-DNA simultaneously.RESULTS: For investigation of HBeAg of newborns in trial group, 6 of 28 cases of newborns had positive HBeAg, the HBeAg positive rate being 21.4%, the total rate of 95% CI being 8%-41%. In control group, 19 of 24 cases of newborns had positive HBeAg, HBeAg positive rate was 79.2%, the rate of 95%CI being 5%-93%. By statistical analysis, 2= 17.26, P 〈 0.01, RR = 0.27, 95% CI (6.3 × 10^-6, 8.6 × 10^-5). For investigation of HBV-DNA of newborns in trial group, 7 of 28 cases of newborns had positive HBV-DNA, HBV-DNA positive rate being 25%, the total rate of 95% CI being 11%-45%. In control group, 20 of 24 cases of newborns had positive HBV-DNA, HBV-DNA positive rate was 83.3%, the total rate of 95% CI being 63%-95%. By statistical analysis, X^2 = 17.62, P 〈 0.01, RR = 0.30, 95% CI (1.5 × 10^-5, 1.7× 10^-4). The results indicated that there was significant difference in HBeAg positive rate and HBV-DNA positive rate of newborns between the two groups. In trial group, 7 of 28 newborns had HBV-DNA positive, but the HBV-DNA load of newborns was lower than that of their mothers. In control group, 20 of 24 newborns still had HBV-DNA positive, and the HBV-DNA load of newborns was close to those of their mothers. Statistical analysis indicated that there was no significant difference in HBV- DNA load between postnatal women without HBIG intervention and their filial generations (T = 81.5, P 〉 0.1). CONCLUSION: It is effective and safe to prevent intrauterine infection of HBV with HBIG from the 28^th wk in pregnant women with positive HBeAg and HBsAg. In clinical application, those pregnant women with negative HBeAg and positive HBV-DNA also need to be interrupted by HBIG. 展开更多
关键词 interruptION INTRAUTERINE transmission Hepatitis B virus HBIG
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基于PCIE总线的大数据通信传输时延控制系统设计 被引量:1
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作者 焦冬艳 《计算机测量与控制》 2024年第10期118-124,共7页
在大数据传输中,当网络流量过大或网络拓扑复杂时,可能会出现网络拥塞的情况,导致通信传输时延的增加,为了优化通信网络的数据传输效率,设计基于PCIE总线的大数据通信传输时延控制系统;在PCIE总线核结构下设计大数据收发器、通信转换模... 在大数据传输中,当网络流量过大或网络拓扑复杂时,可能会出现网络拥塞的情况,导致通信传输时延的增加,为了优化通信网络的数据传输效率,设计基于PCIE总线的大数据通信传输时延控制系统;在PCIE总线核结构下设计大数据收发器、通信转换模块与通信中断控制器,搭建时延控制终端,联合大数据通信寄存器与时延状态估计器,实现传输时延控制硬件系统的设计;在通信数据相空间内,计算传输时延量的具体数值水平,完成对大数据通信传输时延的预测;根据大数据通信序列定义条件,得到与通信传输时延状态相关的反馈信息,并以此为基础,确定具体的控制方案,完成基于PCIE总线的大数据通信传输时延控制系统设计;实验结果表明,PCIE总线控制系统的应用可将大数据通信时延控制在0~0.20 ms范围之内,不会因时延过大造成数据信息瞬时响应速率下降的问题,且数据传输丢包率低于10%,符合实际应用需求。 展开更多
关键词 PCIE总线 大数据通信 传输时延控制 通信转换 中断控制器 相空间
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Issues Meriting Further Study in Preventing Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Hepatitis B by Antiviral Therapy During Pregnancy 被引量:10
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作者 Yi-Hua Zhou 《Maternal-Fetal Medicine》 2019年第1期43-47,共5页
Mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV)is a main cause of chronic HBV infection.Maternal high HBV DNA level or positive hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)is the major risk factor for the transmission.With re... Mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV)is a main cause of chronic HBV infection.Maternal high HBV DNA level or positive hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)is the major risk factor for the transmission.With recommended passive and active immunoprophylaxis,the transmission occurs in nearly 0 and 4-12%of infants born to HBV-infected mothers with negative and positive HBeAg,respectively.Therefore,pregnant women with negative HBeAg appear not requiring antiviral therapy to prevent mother-to-infant transmission of HBV.Recent studies demonstrated that oral antivirals(lamivudine,telbivudine,or tenofovir)in pregnant women with high viral load or positive HBeAg,starting from 28-32 weeks of gestation,together with neonatal immunoprophylaxis,can almost completely prevent the transmission,indicating that it does not require antiviral therapy before 28 weeks of gestation.Accumulated evidence showed that the antivirals may be stopped upon delivery,and the infants may receive breast feeding after birth.However,these issues,as well as HBV DNA threshold for antiviral therapy during pregnancy,optimal timing for start and discontinuation of antivirals,and the drug safety of fetuses/infants,require further investigations to optimize the antiviral therapy during pregnancy.The proof of safety of fetal exposure to antivirais needs more evidence,which can be achieved from the real-world data analysis. 展开更多
关键词 Antiviral therapy Hepatitis B mother-to-infant transmission Pregnant women
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轮毂电机两挡变速器协同无动力中断换挡控制 被引量:1
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作者 王军年 张春林 +3 位作者 赵梦圆 强越 郭大畅 杨钫 《汽车工程》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2023年第10期1885-1896,共12页
分布式驱动汽车由于其左右轮转矩独立可控等优点,近年来受到广泛关注;而两挡变速器的使用可有效提高此类电动汽车的动力性与经济性。本文针对分布式驱动汽车提出了一种轮毂电机两挡变速器构型,并针对该构型设计了基于前馈加反馈的无动... 分布式驱动汽车由于其左右轮转矩独立可控等优点,近年来受到广泛关注;而两挡变速器的使用可有效提高此类电动汽车的动力性与经济性。本文针对分布式驱动汽车提出了一种轮毂电机两挡变速器构型,并针对该构型设计了基于前馈加反馈的无动力中断换挡控制策略,以解决两挡变速器换挡过程动力中断的问题。接着,针对左右轮毂电机两挡变速器协同换挡问题,提出基于逻辑门限的左右协同换挡控制策略,以避免车辆在换挡过程中产生的较大横纵向加速度突变。最后基于搭建的Simulink-Simscape模型进行了无动力中断换挡与左右协同换挡控制策略的仿真验证。仿真结果表明,本文所提控制策略可有效避免轮毂电机两挡变速器换挡过程的动力中断,并可有效减少左右不协同换挡所带来的整车横纵向加速度突变。 展开更多
关键词 电动汽车 分布式驱动 轮毂电机两挡变速器 无动力中断 左右协同换挡
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A randomized control trial on interruption of HBV transmission in uterus 被引量:58
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作者 朱启镕 于广军 +4 位作者 俞蕙 吕晴 顾新焕 董左权 张秀珍 《Chinese Medical Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2003年第5期685-687,共3页
Objective To study the interruptive effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) specific immunolobulin (HBIG) before delivery in attempt to prevent intrauterine transmission of HBV.Methods Nine hundred and eighty HBsAg carri... Objective To study the interruptive effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) specific immunolobulin (HBIG) before delivery in attempt to prevent intrauterine transmission of HBV.Methods Nine hundred and eighty HBsAg carrier pregnant women were randomly divided into HBIG group and control group. Each subject in the HBIG group received 200 IU or 400 IU of HBIG intramuscularly at 3, 2 and 1 month before delivery. The subjects in the control group did not receive any specific treatment. All newborn infants received 100 IU of HBIG intramascularly after venous blood samples were taken at birth and 2 weeks after birth, followed by 30 μg plasma-derived HB vaccine or 5 μg recombinant yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine at 1, 2 and 7 months of age. Blood tests were performed for all the lying-in women and their neonates. Blood specimens were tested for HBsAg and HBeAg by enzyme immunoassay. All infants were followed up for 1 year.Results In the HBIG group, 491 neonates were born to 487 HBV carrier mothers; and in the control group, 496 neonates were born to 493 HBV carrier mothers. The rates of intrauterine transmission in the two groups were 14.3% and 5.7% respectively (χ2=20.280, P<0.001), and the rates of chronic hepatitis B in the two groups were 2.2% and 7.3% respectively (χ2=13.696, P<0.001). The high risk factors of intrauterine HBV infection included HBsAg HBeAg double positive and HBV DNA positive in the peripheral blood of pregnant women.Conclusion HBV infection in the uterus may be interrupted by injecting multiple intramuscular HBIG injections before delivery without causing any side-effects. 展开更多
关键词 hepatitis B virus transmission UTERUS interruptION
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乙肝孕期母婴阻断治疗孕产妇产后不同时间停药对肝功能的影响
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作者 葛春燕 尤春霞 王晓燕 《齐齐哈尔医学院学报》 2023年第7期635-640,共6页
目的 探讨孕期采用核苷(酸)类似物抗病毒的慢乙肝高病毒载量孕产妇产后合适的停药时间。方法 选择2020年1月-2021年12月本院收治的81例慢性HBV感染且HBV DNA> 2×105IU/ml的孕妇为研究对象,收集人口学信息,妊娠期、分娩、产后的... 目的 探讨孕期采用核苷(酸)类似物抗病毒的慢乙肝高病毒载量孕产妇产后合适的停药时间。方法 选择2020年1月-2021年12月本院收治的81例慢性HBV感染且HBV DNA> 2×105IU/ml的孕妇为研究对象,收集人口学信息,妊娠期、分娩、产后的肝功能及HBV DNA载量等临床数据,按孕期抗病毒及产后是否停药情况分为替诺福韦酯(TDF)产后立即停药组(A组)、替诺福韦酯(TDF)产后1-3个月停药组(B组)、替比夫定(LdT)产后立即停药组(C组)、替比夫定(LdT)产后1-3个月停药组(D组),比较四组孕妇产后6个月内肝功能异常率。结果 纳入的81例孕妇中,TDF组42例、LdT组39例。TDF组和LdT组孕妇从妊娠(28±4)周(基线)开始分别口服TDF(300 mg/d)和LdT(600 mg/d),其中孕期口服TDF的30例产后立即停药,另12例产后1-3月停药。其中孕期口服LdT的25例产后立即停药,另14例产后1-3个月停药。81例孕妇中有14例(17.3%)产后出现肝功能异常。替诺福韦酯(TDF)产后立即停药组(A组)、替诺福韦酯(TDF)产后1-3个月停药组(B组)、替比夫定(LdT)产后立即停药组(C组)、替比夫定(LdT)产后1-3个月停药组(D组)四组产后肝功能异常[丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)≥2×正常值上限(ULN)]的发生率分别为20%、16.7%、16%和14.3%,组间比较无明显差异,产后ALT峰值水平中位数(范围)分别为34.2 (11.0-863.0) U/L、36.3 (8.0-791.0) U/L、34.4 (8.0-811.0) U/L和38.0(7.0-619.0)U/L,两指标在四组间差别均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。四组孕妇产后肝功能异常程度差异无统计学意义(P=0.914),且绝大多数的肝功能异常均为轻中度异常(2×ULN≤ALT <10×ULN),且通常经继续抗病毒治疗和/或护肝治疗后好转,也可自行好转。抗病毒治疗基线ALT、HBeAg、HBV DNA水平、年龄、孕次、产次、胎龄和分娩方式均与产后肝功能异常无显著相关性。结论 慢性HBV感染以阻断母婴传播为目的口服核苷(酸)类似物抗病毒治疗的孕妇分娩后停用不同抗病毒药及停药早晚对产后肝功能情况无显著影响。 展开更多
关键词 慢性乙型肝炎携带孕妇 母婴阻断 停药安全性
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Interruption of schistosomiasis transmission in mountainous and hilly regions with an integrated strategy:a longitudinal case study in Sichuan,China 被引量:13
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作者 Yang Liu Bo Zhong +3 位作者 Zi-Song Wu Song Liang Dong-Chuan Qiu Xiao Ma 《Infectious Diseases of Poverty》 SCIE 2017年第1期695-703,共9页
Background:Schistosomiasis remains a major public health concern in China.Since 2004,an integrated strategy was developed to control the transmission of Schistosoma japonicum in China.However,the long-term effectivene... Background:Schistosomiasis remains a major public health concern in China.Since 2004,an integrated strategy was developed to control the transmission of Schistosoma japonicum in China.However,the long-term effectiveness of this integrated strategy for the interruption of schistosomiasis transmission remains unknown in the mountainous and hilly regions of China until now.This longitudinal study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the integrated strategy on transmission interruption of schistosomiasis in Sichuan Province from 2005 through 2014.Methods:The data regarding replacement of bovines with machines,improved sanitation,access to clean water,construction of public toilets and household latrines,snail control,chemotherapy,and health education were captured from the annual report of the schistosomiasis control programmes in Sichuan Province from 2005 to 2014,and S.japonicum infection in humans,bovines and snails were estimated to evaluate the effectiveness of the integrated strategy.Results:During the 10-year period from 2005 through 2014,a total of 536568 machines were used to replace bovines,and 3284333 household lavatories and 15523 public latrines were built.Tap water was supplied to 19116344 residents living in the endemic villages.A total of 230098 hm2 snail habitats were given molluscicide treatment,and 357233 hm2 snail habitats received environmental improvements.There were 7268138 humans and 840845 bovines given praziquantel chemotherapy.During the 10-year study period,information,education and communication(IEC)materials were provided to village officers,teachers and schoolchildren.The 10-year implementation of the integrated strategy resulted in a great reduction in S.japonicum infection in humans,bovines and snails.Since 2007,no acute infection was detected,and no schistosomiasis cases or infected bovines were identified since 2012.In addition,the snail habitats reduced by 62.39%in 2014 as compared to that in 2005,and no S.japonicum infection was identified in snails since 2007.By 2014,88.9%of the endemic counties achieved the transmission interruption of schistosomiasis and transmission control of schistosmiasis was achieved in the whole province in 2008.Conclusion:The government-directed and multi-department integrated strategy is effective for interrupting the transmission of schistosomiasis in the mountainous and hilly regions of China. 展开更多
关键词 Schistosomiasis japonica transmission interruption Integrated strategy Longitudinal effectiveness Source of infection Sichuan Province Mountainous and hilly region
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Integrating ecological approaches to interrupt schistosomiasis transmission:opportunities and challenges 被引量:3
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作者 Song Liang Eniola Michael Abe Xiao-Nong Zhou 《Infectious Diseases of Poverty》 SCIE 2018年第1期1294-1299,共6页
Background:The development of agenda for global schistosomiasis elimination as a public health problem generates enthusiasms among global health communities,motivating great interests in both research and practice.Rec... Background:The development of agenda for global schistosomiasis elimination as a public health problem generates enthusiasms among global health communities,motivating great interests in both research and practice.Recent China-Africa schistosomiasis control initiatives,aiming to enhance collaboration on disease control in African countries,reflect in part that momentum.Yet there is a pressing need to know whether the Chinese experiences can be translated and applied in African settings.Main body:China’s remarkable achievements in schistosomiasis control programme,associated experiences and lessons,have much to offer to those combating the disease.Central to the success of China’s control programmes is a strategy termed“integrated control”-integrating environmental approaches(e.g.improved sanitation,agricultural and hydrological development and management),which target different phases of the parasite transmission system,to chemical-based drug treatment and mollusciciding.Yet,despite significant measurable public health benefits,such integration is usually based on field experience and remains largely uncharacterized in an ecological context.This has limited our knowledge on relative contributions of varying components of the integrated control programme to the suppression of disease transmission,making it challenging to generalize the strategy elsewhere.In this opinion article,we have described and discussed these challenges,along with opportunities and research needs to move forward.Conclusions:There is an urgent need to formalize an ecological framework for the integrated control programme that would allow research towards improved mechanistic understanding,quantification,and prediction of the control efforts. 展开更多
关键词 SCHISTOSOMIASIS transmission interruption Ecological framework Integrated control
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基于VxWorks的PCIe多路传输系统驱动设计 被引量:2
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作者 张健 李跃鹏 +2 位作者 刘威鹏 王孟彬 王传伟 《电工技术》 2023年第17期173-175,179,共4页
针对QorIQ^(■)T2080处理器外设特征,结合工控设备高实时、高性能、灵活组态的需求,设计基于VxWorks的PCIe多路传输系统驱动程序;通过PLX公司的PEX8619交换机芯片拓展链路,并给出PCIe多路传输系统整体结构。在介绍VxWorks驱动体系的基础... 针对QorIQ^(■)T2080处理器外设特征,结合工控设备高实时、高性能、灵活组态的需求,设计基于VxWorks的PCIe多路传输系统驱动程序;通过PLX公司的PEX8619交换机芯片拓展链路,并给出PCIe多路传输系统整体结构。在介绍VxWorks驱动体系的基础上,结合PCIe设备驱动程序开发实际需求,分析并介绍了PCIe地址映射、DMA传输、MSI中断处理等关键技术的解决方案及其驱动实现方法。经测试,该驱动程序可正确完成外设读写,实时性和处理效率满足工业控制装置中控制处理单元等设备要求;PCIe多路传输系统驱动程序设计合理,便于扩展到其他实时性高、组态灵活的嵌入式系统中,对工程应用具有积极指导作用。 展开更多
关键词 PCIE VXWORKS 驱动程序 地址映射 DMA传输 MSI中断
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OFDM系统下高速铁路通信选择分集传输技术的切换优化方案研究 被引量:1
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作者 汪昱宸 《科学技术创新》 2023年第8期100-103,共4页
本研究基于OFDM系统选择分集传输技术,设计了一种适用于高速列车的通信切换优化方案,保证列车在驶过不同小区时,能够保持通信的可靠与稳定。
关键词 高速铁路 OFDM系统 选择分集传输技术 切换中断率
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LONG-TERM IMMUNOGENICITY AND EFFICACY OF RECOMBINANT YEAST DERIVED HEPATITIS B VACCINE FOR INTERRUPTION OF MOTHER-INFANT TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS
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作者 朱启镕 顾新焕 +1 位作者 段恕诚 徐华芳 《Chinese Medical Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1994年第12期37-40,共4页
Recombinant DNA Yeast-Derived Hepatitis B Vaccine (RYHB vaccine) is comparable to and can replace Plasma-Derived Hepatitis B Vaccine (PHB vaccine) for the prevention of mother-nfant transmission of hepatitis B virus (... Recombinant DNA Yeast-Derived Hepatitis B Vaccine (RYHB vaccine) is comparable to and can replace Plasma-Derived Hepatitis B Vaccine (PHB vaccine) for the prevention of mother-nfant transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV), but the duration of immune efficacy of RYHB vaccine is not clear. This study indicates the long-term efficacy for the prevention of mother-infant transmission of HBV. One hundred and six neonates born to HBsAg-arrier mothers with HBeAg positive were randomly divided into two groups, one receiving 20 μg per dose of RYHB vaccine and the another receiving 20 μg per dose of PHB vaccine on the day of birth, at 1 month and at 6 months (three times). Physical examination and blood tests were performed for all infants at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months of age. The results showed that the protective efficacies at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months were 67%, 75%, 63%, 62%, 57% and 56%, respectively for the RYHB vaccine group and 58%, 76%, 51%, 41%, 24% and 18%, respectively for the PHB vaccine group. The protective efficacy was notably significant in the last two years. The study indicates that the duration of protective efficacy is over 5 years with RYHB vaccine, being longer than that of PHB vaccine. These recipients of RYHB vaccine showed no side effects, and the vaccine is regarded as safe and effective. 展开更多
关键词 PHB LONG-TERM IMMUNOGENICITY AND EFFICACY OF RECOMBINANT YEAST DERIVED HEPATITIS B VACCINE FOR interruptION OF MOTHER-INFANT transmission OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS HBV HBsAg
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血吸虫病传播阻断地区监测人群筛查的费用与效果 被引量:16
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作者 余晴 赵根明 +4 位作者 曹淳力 黄少玉 张鸿满 张剑锋 郭家钢 《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》 CAS CSCD 2007年第1期46-49,共4页
目的通过对血吸虫病传播阻断地区监测人群查治病费用与效果数据的收集和分析,探索主、被动监测防治策略的合理配置。方法采用回顾性调查、历史文献复习法分析2003-2005年血吸虫病传播阻断地区浙江省、广东省、广西壮族自治区监测人群... 目的通过对血吸虫病传播阻断地区监测人群查治病费用与效果数据的收集和分析,探索主、被动监测防治策略的合理配置。方法采用回顾性调查、历史文献复习法分析2003-2005年血吸虫病传播阻断地区浙江省、广东省、广西壮族自治区监测人群查治病费用与效果。结果2003~2005年,3省(区)血吸虫病主动监测查治病费用中,浙江省监测总费用及年平均费用最高,分别为679.82、226.61万元;广西区最低,分别为8+39、2.80万元。被动监测查治病费用中,浙江省监测总费用及年平均费用最高,分别为0.59、0.20万元;广西区最低,分别为0.18、0.06万元。每查治一病例的平均费用,主动监测中,广东省最高,为17.23万元;广西区最低,为8.39万元。被动监测中,广东省最高,为0.06万元;浙江省最低,为0.02万元。人均血检费用广西区最低,广东省最高。人均粪检费用广西区最低,浙江省最高。结论在不同区域内血吸虫病主、被动监测查治病策略的优化配置模式需要进一步深入探讨。 展开更多
关键词 血吸虫病 监测 费用-效果 传播阻断
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直流开断与直流断路器 被引量:102
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作者 郑占锋 邹积岩 +1 位作者 董恩源 段雄英 《高压电器》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第6期445-449,共5页
随着直流输电技术的快速发展,直流断路器的研制水平成为制约其发展的一个重要因素。对直流断路器研制的关键问题——直流开断进行了分析,综述了直流断路器采用的典型开断方法,并对实际系统中比较有代表性的3种直流断路器进行了介绍。
关键词 直流断路器 直流开断 电流转移原理 直流输电 柔性直流输电
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可中断负荷参与阻塞管理的多目标模糊优化 被引量:15
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作者 周春明 江辉 +2 位作者 何禹清 王颖 彭建春 《电网技术》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2008年第9期27-32,共6页
给出了一种可中断负荷参与的阻塞管理多目标模型,该模型同时考虑了可中断负荷用户数最少、可中断负荷量最少和独立系统操作员支付给可中断负荷的总成本最少三个目标来消除阻塞。文章结合模型的特点提出了一种基于模糊理论隶属度的多目... 给出了一种可中断负荷参与的阻塞管理多目标模型,该模型同时考虑了可中断负荷用户数最少、可中断负荷量最少和独立系统操作员支付给可中断负荷的总成本最少三个目标来消除阻塞。文章结合模型的特点提出了一种基于模糊理论隶属度的多目标线性优化算法。对IEEE30节点系统正常运行情况及意外事故引起的输电线路阻塞情况进行了仿真计算和比较。结果表明,所提方法不仅在模型上比单目标具有更好的综合优势,而且算法快速可靠。 展开更多
关键词 电力市场 阻塞管理 可中断负荷 隶属度 模糊优化
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35kV架空输电线路间隙灭弧的研究 被引量:20
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作者 王巨丰 黄维 +1 位作者 曲振旭 刘儒 《高压电器》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第7期17-21,共5页
为解决35 kV架空输电线路的雷击问题,研制了在35 kV架空输电线路上的防雷保护间隙喷射气流灭弧装置。该装置运用了"瞬时疏导"的防雷理念,能够在线路发生雷击闪络时有效地保护绝缘子串免受工频电弧的灼烧,在疏导雷电能量后能... 为解决35 kV架空输电线路的雷击问题,研制了在35 kV架空输电线路上的防雷保护间隙喷射气流灭弧装置。该装置运用了"瞬时疏导"的防雷理念,能够在线路发生雷击闪络时有效地保护绝缘子串免受工频电弧的灼烧,在疏导雷电能量后能够迅速切断工频续流电弧,实现既可以限制绝缘子的外部过电压又可以避免断路器频繁跳闸的功能。笔者在链式电弧模型的基础上结合激波理论研究喷射气流条件下电弧的运动,对电弧的熄灭过程进行了讨论。在高压试验中借助高速摄像机和数字示波器,获取了在高速气流作用下电弧被迅速熄灭的过程图像和数据。 展开更多
关键词 输电线路 防雷间隙 气流灭弧
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可中断负荷参与输电阻塞管理的模型与算法 被引量:22
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作者 李海英 李渝曾 张少华 《电力系统自动化》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2006年第10期17-21,共5页
在市场环境下,输电阻塞严重威胁系统安全,并加剧了市场力滥用行为。可中断负荷作为一种电力资源可有效缓解阻塞。文中建立了一个可中断负荷参与电力批发市场竞价的阻塞管理模型。该模型是一个2层优化模型:外层优化潮流模型可确定节点电... 在市场环境下,输电阻塞严重威胁系统安全,并加剧了市场力滥用行为。可中断负荷作为一种电力资源可有效缓解阻塞。文中建立了一个可中断负荷参与电力批发市场竞价的阻塞管理模型。该模型是一个2层优化模型:外层优化潮流模型可确定节点电价,并进行电能调度;内层优化模型旨在选取有效消除阻塞的可中断负荷。在模型求解时,针对出现的非线性互补问题(NCP),通过NCP函数将其转化为一组非线性代数方程,然后用改进的Levenberg-Marquardt算法求解。最后以一个修改的IEEE 30节点系统验证了该模型和算法的有效性。 展开更多
关键词 电力市场 输电阻塞管理 可中断负荷 非线性互补问题
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乙型肝炎病毒基因重组疫苗免疫儿童成人效果及阻断母婴传播的研究 被引量:9
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作者 张权一 张兴义 +7 位作者 叶世德 王庭志 徐桂珍 贾国富 田春生 宋益贵 任贵方 朱既明 《病毒学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 1991年第A12期108-113,共6页
以中试连续生产的6批乙肝基因重组疫苗(R—Hepavac—B)免疫儿童和成人,每剂10μg,3批苗按0、1、6月,另3批苗按0、1、2月方案接种。每批分别接种8~10岁儿童51~66人,6批共363人,18~20岁成人46~52人,6批共287人。同时用两批血源苗作对... 以中试连续生产的6批乙肝基因重组疫苗(R—Hepavac—B)免疫儿童和成人,每剂10μg,3批苗按0、1、6月,另3批苗按0、1、2月方案接种。每批分别接种8~10岁儿童51~66人,6批共363人,18~20岁成人46~52人,6批共287人。同时用两批血源苗作对照,分别接种儿童共85人,成人84人。又用其中89—10批HBsHg含量为20μg/ml的疫苗,按20μg×3,0、1、6月方案接种HBsAg和HBeAg双阳性母亲所生婴儿36名,HBsAg阳性母亲的婴儿19名。结果显示,10μg重组疫苗3针后,无论儿童和成人其抗HBs抗体阳转率均为100%,而对照,儿童成人各有1例未阳转。儿童按0、1、6方案接种者,其抗体GMT为363.8~470.5mIU,按0、1、2方案接种者,为150.8~195.5mIU。前者高于血源苗对照,而后者持平。成人0、1、6方案GMT为189.4~247.2mIU,0、1、2方案为87.9~96.3mIU,均略低于血源苗对照.经复测,此批血源苗含量为15μg/ml,高于基因苗含量,可能是造成以上结果的原因。母婴阻断结果显示,双阳性母亲子女36人,3针免后86.1%(32/36)的婴儿获得保护。单阳性母亲子女19人全部获得保护。 展开更多
关键词 乙肝疫苗 抗体反应 母婴传播 重组
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重组乙型肝炎疫苗母婴传播阻断效果的研究 被引量:8
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作者 梁争论 李河民 +8 位作者 吴小音 李艳萍 赵桂珍 李荣成 王佑春 马力 杨超美 康来仪 张华远 《中国预防医学杂志》 CAS 2001年第4期275-277,共3页
目的 比较不同种类乙肝疫苗的免疫效果。方法 1994~1999年间,应用7批国产重组酵母乙肝疫苗,4批国产重组CHO乙肝疫苗,以及美国MSD公司(Recombivax-HB),Amgen公司和比利时Smith Kline Beecham公司(Engeris B)生产的重组酵母乙肝疫苗各一... 目的 比较不同种类乙肝疫苗的免疫效果。方法 1994~1999年间,应用7批国产重组酵母乙肝疫苗,4批国产重组CHO乙肝疫苗,以及美国MSD公司(Recombivax-HB),Amgen公司和比利时Smith Kline Beecham公司(Engeris B)生产的重组酵母乙肝疫苗各一批,按0、1和6个月免疫程序免疫614名新生儿,其中416名新生儿母亲为HBsAg、HBeAg双阳性,81名新生儿母亲为HBsAg阳性HBeAg阴性,117名新生儿母亲HBV感染指标阴性。结果在1年的观察期间中,178名免疫国产重组酵母乙肝疫苗的新生儿有22名HBsAg持续阳性,母婴传播阻断率在80.56%~92.59%之间,显著高于国产重组CHO乙肝疫苗(75.43%);3批国外酵母疫苗的阻断率分别为90.33%、86.59%和92.59%。未见抗体GMT和母婴传播阻断率间有相关关系。酵母疫苗高的传播阻断率可能与其诱导细胞免疫较早有关。结论 国产酵母乙肝疫苗的母婴传播阻断保护率达到国外同类疫苗水平。 展开更多
关键词 肝炎疫苗 乙型肝炎 接种 母婴传播
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