The mapping observations of CO J -- 2-1, CO J = 3- 2, 13CO J = 2-1 and 13CO J -- 3 - 2 lines in the direction of IRAS 22506＋5944 have been made. The results show that the cores in the J = 2 - i transition lines have ...The mapping observations of CO J -- 2-1, CO J = 3- 2, 13CO J = 2-1 and 13CO J -- 3 - 2 lines in the direction of IRAS 22506＋5944 have been made. The results show that the cores in the J = 2 - i transition lines have a similar morphology to those in the J -- 3 - 2 transition lines. Bipolar molecular outflows are verified. The prior IRAS 22506＋5944 observations indicated that two IRAS sources and three H20 masers were located close to the peak position of the core. One of the IRAS sources may be the driving source of the outflows. In addition, the H20 masers may occur in relatively warm environments. The parameters of the dense core and outflow, obtained by the LTE method, indicate that IRAS 22506＋5944 is a high-mass star formation region.展开更多
We investigate the effect of bulk motion on the detection of molecular outflows in the sources S146, GGD27, and IRAS 22566＋5830. The traditional techniques do allow for bulk motions or systematic VLSR shifts of the c...We investigate the effect of bulk motion on the detection of molecular outflows in the sources S146, GGD27, and IRAS 22566＋5830. The traditional techniques do allow for bulk motions or systematic VLSR shifts of the core emissions, which may cause contamination of the high velocity gas emissions, and outflows may either fail to be detected or have their properties miscalculated. We used a program to follow the systematic shift of VLSR and better results have been obtained.展开更多
Using the 3-m radio telescope of KOSMA, we mapped 12CO (J = 3-2) lines for three molecular clouds, B35, S146 and TMC-2A. High-velocity molecular outflows are found in all these regions. The physical and dynamical pa-r...Using the 3-m radio telescope of KOSMA, we mapped 12CO (J = 3-2) lines for three molecular clouds, B35, S146 and TMC-2A. High-velocity molecular outflows are found in all these regions. The physical and dynamical pa-rameters of the outflows are derived, and their shapes and driving sources are analyzed. Contour maps of center veloci-ties show that the large scale systematic gradients exist in the three clouds. These observed motions are best explained by rotation after excluding the cause of outflows. Furthermore, in the core region of TMC-2A there is a velocity gradient in opposite direction from that of the large scale. It may be caused by magnetic braking. Finally, angular velocities of the clouds are calculated, and the effects of rotation against gravity and lowering the star-formation rate are also ana-lyzed.展开更多
Mapping observations in12CO J = 1 - 0 lines were made towards S39 and IRAS 06306 + 0232 with the 13.7 m radio telescope at Qinghai Station of Purple Mountain Observatory. The results showed that both of them have bipo...Mapping observations in12CO J = 1 - 0 lines were made towards S39 and IRAS 06306 + 0232 with the 13.7 m radio telescope at Qinghai Station of Purple Mountain Observatory. The results showed that both of them have bipolar outflows. We have calculated the outflow parameters. The outflows have significantly more mass and higher mass loss rate than those from low mass YSOs. We also find that although the bolometric luminosities of the associated sources are large, the radiation pressure of wind is not sufficient to drive the observed outflows. There exist several stars of different evolve states in S39. It suggests that the star formation in S39 is in sequence, not in eruption.展开更多
We report on a study of the molecular cloud S64 with observations at millimeter wavelengths of multiple molecular lines of CO isotopes. A weak outflow is found, and its physical parameters are estimated. The departure...We report on a study of the molecular cloud S64 with observations at millimeter wavelengths of multiple molecular lines of CO isotopes. A weak outflow is found, and its physical parameters are estimated. The departure of the core of S64 from the S64 HII region indicates that there are still other star formation activities in that region.展开更多
By mapping the12COJ = 1—0 lines in IRAS 05391-0217, 06114 + 1745 and 06291 + 0421, three new high-velocity bipolar molecular outflows are found. Parameters of these outflows are derived, which suggest that they are m...By mapping the12COJ = 1—0 lines in IRAS 05391-0217, 06114 + 1745 and 06291 + 0421, three new high-velocity bipolar molecular outflows are found. Parameters of these outflows are derived, which suggest that they are massive and energetic outflows with total kinetic energies of about 1038 J and mass loss rates about 10-5 M/a. The driving sources are identified by analyzing the positions, intensities and color temperatures of the associated infrared sources. These outflows are most likely driven by single sources which correspond to massive young stellar objects. In these regions H2O masers have been detected located near the embedded infrared sources, which indicates that their exciting mechanism may be correlated with that of the CO outflows. The relationship between the parameters of outflows and central sources shows that high-velocity outflow and thermal radiation of a star are two basic correlated but different features in the evolution of young stars.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10473014)
文摘The mapping observations of CO J -- 2-1, CO J = 3- 2, 13CO J = 2-1 and 13CO J -- 3 - 2 lines in the direction of IRAS 22506＋5944 have been made. The results show that the cores in the J = 2 - i transition lines have a similar morphology to those in the J -- 3 - 2 transition lines. Bipolar molecular outflows are verified. The prior IRAS 22506＋5944 observations indicated that two IRAS sources and three H20 masers were located close to the peak position of the core. One of the IRAS sources may be the driving source of the outflows. In addition, the H20 masers may occur in relatively warm environments. The parameters of the dense core and outflow, obtained by the LTE method, indicate that IRAS 22506＋5944 is a high-mass star formation region.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘We investigate the effect of bulk motion on the detection of molecular outflows in the sources S146, GGD27, and IRAS 22566＋5830. The traditional techniques do allow for bulk motions or systematic VLSR shifts of the core emissions, which may cause contamination of the high velocity gas emissions, and outflows may either fail to be detected or have their properties miscalculated. We used a program to follow the systematic shift of VLSR and better results have been obtained.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Basic Research Foundation (Grant No. G1999075405) the National Nartural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 19773002).
文摘Using the 3-m radio telescope of KOSMA, we mapped 12CO (J = 3-2) lines for three molecular clouds, B35, S146 and TMC-2A. High-velocity molecular outflows are found in all these regions. The physical and dynamical pa-rameters of the outflows are derived, and their shapes and driving sources are analyzed. Contour maps of center veloci-ties show that the large scale systematic gradients exist in the three clouds. These observed motions are best explained by rotation after excluding the cause of outflows. Furthermore, in the core region of TMC-2A there is a velocity gradient in opposite direction from that of the large scale. It may be caused by magnetic braking. Finally, angular velocities of the clouds are calculated, and the effects of rotation against gravity and lowering the star-formation rate are also ana-lyzed.
基金This work was supported by NKBRSF, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10133020, 10128306 & 19773002) the United Astronomy Laboratory of CAS.
文摘Mapping observations in12CO J = 1 - 0 lines were made towards S39 and IRAS 06306 + 0232 with the 13.7 m radio telescope at Qinghai Station of Purple Mountain Observatory. The results showed that both of them have bipolar outflows. We have calculated the outflow parameters. The outflows have significantly more mass and higher mass loss rate than those from low mass YSOs. We also find that although the bolometric luminosities of the associated sources are large, the radiation pressure of wind is not sufficient to drive the observed outflows. There exist several stars of different evolve states in S39. It suggests that the star formation in S39 is in sequence, not in eruption.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘We report on a study of the molecular cloud S64 with observations at millimeter wavelengths of multiple molecular lines of CO isotopes. A weak outflow is found, and its physical parameters are estimated. The departure of the core of S64 from the S64 HII region indicates that there are still other star formation activities in that region.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Gran No. 19773002)the United Radio Astronomy Lab. of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘By mapping the12COJ = 1—0 lines in IRAS 05391-0217, 06114 + 1745 and 06291 + 0421, three new high-velocity bipolar molecular outflows are found. Parameters of these outflows are derived, which suggest that they are massive and energetic outflows with total kinetic energies of about 1038 J and mass loss rates about 10-5 M/a. The driving sources are identified by analyzing the positions, intensities and color temperatures of the associated infrared sources. These outflows are most likely driven by single sources which correspond to massive young stellar objects. In these regions H2O masers have been detected located near the embedded infrared sources, which indicates that their exciting mechanism may be correlated with that of the CO outflows. The relationship between the parameters of outflows and central sources shows that high-velocity outflow and thermal radiation of a star are two basic correlated but different features in the evolution of young stars.
