The origin of blood supply for cavernous hemangioma of the liver

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the origin of blood supply to cavernous hemangioma of the liver (CHL). METHODS: To observe the relation of cavernous hemangioma of the liver to the hepatic artery and portal vein, we performed serial selective hepatic arteriography in 22 patients. Five patients after ligation of the right hepatic arteries underwent portography and liver staining by in jection of methylene blue into the portal veins and 2 patients had hepatic specimens resected, which were made into a model cast by filling the hepatic veins (yellow) and portal venous branches (blue) with methyl methacrylate after vascular lavage. RESULTS: Serial selective hepatic arteriography showed that hepatic arteries and hemangioma were displayed simultaneously, and that hemangioma was supplied by one to numerous arterial branches. In the portal phase of portography, contrast medium failed to enter the tumor and the intrahepatic branches of the portal vein were pushed aside by the tumor; in the liver parenchymal phase, however, the tumor appeared to be a low-density area. Hepatic arteriography and portography revealed that the fistula between the artery and portal vein may not be existed. The liver stained with methylene blue showed that the normal hepatic parenchyma could be stained with deep blue; in contrast, the tumor was not stained at all. The casting specimens showed that the eroded tumor left a round vacant area because of its total shedding, and no blue stained branches of the portal vein extended into the tumor. CONCLUSION: Blood supply of CHL may originate from the hepatic artery.

Liver blood supply after a modified Appleby procedure in classical and aberrant arterial anatomy

Reported here are two cases of a modified Appleby operation for borderline resectable ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic body, in one of which a R0 distal resection was attended to by excision, not only of the celiac axis, but also of the common and left hepatic arteries in the presence of arterial anatomic variation Michels, type Ⅷb. The possibility and avenues of the maintenance of the blood supply to the left hepatic lobe after surgical aggression of this kind are demonstrated employing computed tomography (CT) and 3-D CT angiography. Furthermore, both cases highlight all important worrisome aspects of pancreatic cancer resectability prediction.

Source of blood supply of liver cavernous hemangioma and sclerosis and embolization treatment

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Applied anatomical study of the vascularized ulnar nerve and its blood supply for cubital tunnel syndrome at the elbow region

Cubital tunnel syndrome is often accompanied by paresthesia in ulnar nerve sites and hand muscle atrophy. When muscle weakness occurs, or after failure of more conservative treatments, anterior transposition is used. In the present study, the ulnar nerve and its blood vessels were examined in the elbows of 18 adult cadavers, and the external diameter of the nutrient vessels of the ulnar nerve at the point of origin, the distances between the origin of the vessels and the medial epicondyle of the humerus, and the length of the vessels accompanying the ulnar nerve in the superior ulnar collateral artery, the inferior ulnar collateral artery, and the posterior ulnar recurrent artery were measured. Anterior transposition of the vascularized ulnar nerve was per- formed to treat cubital tunnel syndrome. The most appropriate distance that the vascularized ulnar nerve can be moved to the subcutaneous tissue under tension-free conditions was 1.8 ± 0.6 cm （1.1-2.5 cm）, which can be used as a reference value during the treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome with anterior transposition of the vascularized ulnar nerve.

Effects of intestinal mucosal blood flow and motility on intestinal mucosa

AIM:To investigate the role of intestinal mucosal blood flow(IMBF) and motility in the damage of intestinal mucosal barrier in rats with traumatic brain injury.METHODS:Sixty-four healthy male Wistar rats were divided randomly into two groups:traumatic brain injury(TBI) group(n = 32),rats with traumatic brain injury;and control group(n = 32),rats with sham-operation.Each group was divided into four subgroups(n = 8) as 6,12,24 and 48 h after operation.Intestinal motility was measured by the propulsion ratio of a semi-solid colored marker(carbon-ink).IMBF was measured with the laser-Doppler technique.Endotoxin and D-xylose levels in plasma were measured to evaluate the change of intestinal mucosal barrier function following TBI.RESULTS:The level of endotoxin was significantly higher in TBI group than in the control group at each time point(0.382 ± 0.014 EU/mL vs 0.102 ± 0.007 EU/mL,0.466 ± 0.018 EU/mL vs 0.114 ± 0.021 EU/mL,0.478 ± 0.029 EU/mL vs 0.112 ± 0.018 EU/mL and 0.412 ± 0.036 EU/mL vs 0.108 ± 0.011 EU/mL,P < 0.05).D-xylose concentrations in plasma in TBI group were significantly higher than in the control group(6.68 ± 2.37 mmol/L vs 3.66 ±1.07 mmol/L,8.51 ± 2.69 mmol /L vs 3.15 ± 0.95 mmol/L,11.68 ± 3.24 mmol/L vs 3.78 ± 1.12 mmol/L and 10.23 ± 2.83 mmol/L vs 3.34 ± 1.23 mmol/L,P < 0.05).The IMBF in TBI group was significantly lower than that in the control group(38.5 ± 2.8 PU vs 45.6 ± 4.6 PU,25.2 ± 3.1 PU vs 48.2 ± 5.3 PU,21.5 ± 2.7 PU vs 44.9 ± 2.8 PU,29.4 ± 3.8 PU vs 46.7 ± 3.2 PU)(P < 0.05).Significant decelerations of intestinal propulsion ratio in TBI groups were found compared with the control group(0.48% ± 0.06% vs 0.62% ± 0.03%,0.37% ± 0.05% vs 0.64% ± 0.01%,0.39% ± 0.07% vs 0.63% ± 0.05% and 0.46% ± 0.03% vs 0.65% ± 0.02%)(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:The intestinal mucosal permeability is increased obviously in TBI rats.Decrease of intestinal motility and IMBF occur early in TBI,both are important pathogenic factors for stress-related damage of the intestinal mucosal barrier in TBI.

INVESTIGATION OF BLOOD SUPPLY OF BRONCHOGENIC CARCINOMA DERIVING FROM PULMONARY ARTERY

Microfil perfusion technique was used to investigate the blood supply of bronchogenic carcinoma deriving from pulmonary artery on 20 fresh specimens of lung cancer, including 11 squamous carcinoma, 6adenocarcinoma, 1 alveolar cell carcinoma and 2undifferentiated carcinoma cases. The results showed that the appearance and quantity of pulmonary blood supply of bronchogenic carcinoma depended on and changed with the site, activity,growth mode as well as the local condition of tumor nodules; pulmonary artery supplied blood to the Periphery of the tumor and its iunermost part as well; vessels from pulmonary artery in tumor nodules were generally less in number than those in the surrounding normal lung tissues around. The results suggested that the tumor blood supply from pulmonary artery should he evaluated comprehensively and dynamically; during interventional chemotherapy via pulmonary artery, patients should bc selected carefully and the catheter for infusion placed in suitable position so as to gain the best therapeutic effect.

Effect of blood transfusion therapy on oxygen saturation in brain and intestinal tissues of children with premature anaemia

Objective: To study the effect of blood transfusion therapy on oxygen saturation in brain and intestinal tissues of children with premature anaemia. Methods: Ninety-five children with premature anaemia in our hospital from August 2016 to July 2018 were selected and divided into three groups according to the different degrees of anemia, namely, mild group (n=30), moderate group (n=30) and severe group (n=35), meanwhile, another 35 premature without anemia were set as control group. Then the basal vital signs, levels of hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct), as well as the oxygen saturation in brain and intestinal tissue were compared among the four groups. Results: The SBP and DBP between the four groups after treatment had no difference. The HR and RR after treatment in the control group and the mild group were significantly higher than those in the severe group. The RR of the mild group was significantly lower than that of the control group, with statistical difference. The Hb in the control group and the mild group was significantly higher than that in the moderate group and the severe group. The Hb in the moderate group was significantly higher than that in the severe group. Hct in the control group and the mild group was significantly higher than that in the severe group. The Hct in the moderate group had no statistic difference with that of the mild group and severe group. The cerebral oxygen saturation after treatment in the control group and the mild group was significantly higher than that in the severe group, meanwhile the intestinal tissue oxygen saturation after treatment of the control group was significantly higher than that in the severe group. Cerebral oxygen saturation after treatment showed no difference between the severe group and the moderate group, and the intestinal tissue oxygen saturation after treatment either had no difference among the severe group, the moderate group and the mild group. Conclusion: Blood transfusion therapy can significantly improve the oxygen saturation of brain and intestinal tissues in children with premature anaemia without affecting blood pressure, and improve the degree of anemia, which can be used reasonably under the strict control of clinical indications.

质量管理在血站采供血工作中的应用

目的 分析在血站采供血工作中质量管理的应用价值。方法 选取2021年7月—2022年7月在济宁市中心血站献血的70名献血者和11名护理工作人员,均实施质量管理,纳入研究组;另选择2020年5月—2021年5月在血站献血的70名献血者和11名护理工作人员,实施常规管理,纳入对照组。对比和分析工作管理效果。结果 研究组工作管理质量(设备维修保养、责任心、消毒工作质量、环境质量)各项评分高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组献血者总满意度为97.14%,高于对照组的81.43%(P<0.05);研究组一次穿刺成功率、采血质量达标率、健康教育覆盖率分别为92.86%、98.57%、100%,高于对照组的72.86%、85.71%、90.00%,研究组工作差错率为2.86%,低于对照组的17.14%(P<0.05)。结论 在血站采供血工作中质量管理应用价值较高,在工作管理质量、献血者满意度、一次穿刺成功率、采血质量达标率、工作差错率、健康教育覆盖率方面优势明显。

烟碱对肠缺血再灌注损伤大鼠凝血功能的影响

目的观察胆碱能激动剂烟碱对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤后凝血功能的影响。方法选取32只体质量250~300g雄性健康SD大鼠,采用随机数字表法将它们分为四组(n=8):假手术(sham operation,S)组、肠缺血再灌注(ischemia-reperfusion,IR)组、烟碱(nicotine,NIC)组、α7烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体(α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor,α7nAchR)拮抗剂α-银环蛇毒素(α-bungarotoxin,α-BGT)组。大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤模型采取肠系膜上动脉夹闭45min后恢复再灌注120min的方法建立。α-BGT组在肠系膜上动脉夹闭前45min和30min分别腹腔注射α-BGT 1μg/kg,烟碱400μg/kg;NIC组用等容量生理盐水替代α-BGT,S组和IR组用等容量生理盐水替代α-BGT和烟碱,其余均同α-BGT组。在大鼠恢复再灌注120min后经腹主动脉取血样,检测血浆肿瘤坏死因子-α(plasma tumor necrosis factor,TNF-α)、组织因子(tissue factor,TF)、抗凝血酶(antithrombin,AT)、组织型纤溶酶原激活物(tissue plasminogen activator,tPA)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1(fiber plasminogen activator inhibitor-1,PAI-1)、D-二聚体水平和血小板计数(platelet count,PLT)。取远端回肠采用Chiu评分法评估小肠组织受损程度。结果与S组和NIC组比较,IR组和α-BGT组血浆TNF-α、TF、tPA、PAI-1和D-二聚体水平均出现显剧升高,血浆AT水平下降,血小板计数下降(P<0.05),小肠组织Chiu评分增加(P<0.05)。结论烟碱能够抑制大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤导致的凝血功能过度激活;其作用机制可能为外周α7烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体结合,引起胆碱能抗炎通路的激活,进而导致促炎性细胞因子的释放减少,从而减轻内皮细胞的损伤。

补充后生元对犬粪便特性、血清生化指标及粪便菌群的影响

研究旨在探讨后生元对宠物健康的影响。选择12只比格犬,根据体重和性别一致的原则,随机分成两组(A组和B组),每组6个重复,每个重复1只犬。研究采用交叉试验,比较了成年健康比格犬采食添加200 g/d后生元的日粮及对照日粮期间血清生化指标及粪便菌群的差异。结果显示,采食基础日粮的比格犬平均粪便评分为2.97,采食添加后生元日粮的比格犬平均粪便评分为2.54。与采食基础日粮相比,采食添加后生元日粮的犬血清甘油三酯含量下降了51.16%(P<0.05),胆固醇含量下降了29.92%(P<0.05),血清尿酸含量下降了11.43%(P<0.05)。与采食基础日粮相比,采食后生元日粮的犬血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-1(IL-1)含量分别降低了7.85%、23.97%和29.54%(P<0.05)。后生元后可增加犬粪便中乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)和芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)等有益菌的相对丰度,降低梭杆菌属(Fusobacterium)和厌氧螺菌属(Anaerobiospirillum)等有害菌的相对丰度。研究表明,日粮中补充后生元能够改善犬的肠道健康。

利拉鲁肽联合阿托伐他汀对肥胖2型糖尿病患者血糖和脂肪因子及肠道菌群的影响

目的探讨利拉鲁肽联合阿托伐他汀对肥胖2型糖尿病(T_(2)DM)患者血糖、脂肪因子及肠道菌群的影响。方法应用电脑随机数字表法将2019年1月至2021年1月河北省邯郸市中心医院收治的132例肥胖T_(2)DM患者分为观察组、对照组,各66例。2组均给予常规治疗,在此基础上,对照组给予阿托伐他汀治疗,观察组给予阿托伐他汀联合利拉鲁肽治疗,2组疗程均为6个月。比较2组治疗前后空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、体重指数、腰围、腰臀比、脂肪因子[抵抗素、瘦素、内脂素、脂联素、摄食抑制因子1(Nesfatin-1)]、肠道菌群水平及不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后,观察组空腹血糖、2 hPG、HbA1c、体重指数、腰围、腰臀比、抵抗素、瘦素、内脂素均低于对照组,脂联素、Nesfatin-1高于对照组(均P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组肠杆菌、肠球菌均低于治疗前和对照组,酵母菌、双歧杆菌、乳杆菌均高于治疗前和对照组(均P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率与对照组比较[10.6%(7/66)比6.1%(4/66)],差异无统计学意义(P=0.345)。结论利拉鲁肽联合阿托伐他汀治疗肥胖T_(2)DM,可有效降低血糖,改善脂肪代谢及肠道菌群,并能降低体重指数、腰围、腰臀比,安全可靠。

序贯性血液净化机治疗中毒所致的多器官功能障碍的临床效果及安全性评估

目的:研究序贯性血液净化机治疗中毒所致的多器官功能障碍的临床效果及安全性。方法:选取2020年5月至2022年2月新疆医科大学第一附属医院收治的110例中毒所致多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)患者,采用随机数表法将其分为序贯性血液净化组和单种血液净化组,每组55例。对比两组患者在不同血液净化治疗下营养代谢指标、肠道屏障功能指标、急性生理与慢性健康量表(APACHEⅡ)评分、MODS早期预测评分系统及重症监护室(ICU)住院时间,同时记录不同血液净化治疗期间的并发症发生率。结果:两组治疗7d后,序贯性血液净化组患者的血红蛋白(Hb)、白蛋白(ALB)、胱抑素A(PAB)以及总胆固醇(TC)高于单种血液净化组,谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和甘油三酯(TG)均低于单种血液净化组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.454、4.474、13.22、2.035、51.358、2.195,P<0.05)。两组治疗7d后,钾离子(K+)及钠离子(Na+)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。序贯性血液净化组治疗7d后谷氨酸水平及谷氨酰胺水平高于单种血液净化组,尿乳果糖/甘露醇(L/M)比值低于单种血液净化组,差异有统计学意义(t=32.83、3.435、4.132,P<0.05)。序贯性血液净化组治疗7d后APACHEⅡ评分、MODS评分低于单种血液净化组,ICU住院时间短于单种血液净化组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.438、4.481、7.421,P<0.05),血液净化治疗并发症发生率低于单种血液净化组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.238,P<0.05)。结论:序贯性血液净化治疗相比于单种血液净化治疗,在中毒所致的多器官功能障碍综合征治疗中可更好的促进调节机体营养代谢指标,改善肠道屏障功能,康复效果更好,并发症发生率较低,同时缩短了ICU住院时间。

肾虚血瘀型不明原因复发性流产肠道菌群特征观察及证型相关分析

目的观察肾虚血瘀型不明原因复发性流产(unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion,URSA)患者未孕状态下肠道微生态特点及与正常女性粪便中肠道菌群的差异;探讨URSA肾虚血瘀型与肠道菌群是否存在一定的相关性。方法收集2020年9月—2021年1月就诊于黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院妇科门诊和住院部的患者作为研究对象:试验组(30例)为URSA肾虚血瘀型未孕患者、对照组(40例)为正常未孕女性。收集基本信息、中医证候等资料,采集粪便标本,通过高通量测序方法检测肠道菌群,并对其进行定性、定量分析。结果URSA肾虚血瘀型患者与正常女性肠道菌群的物种组成、丰度,Alpha、Beta多样性存在差异。URSA患者年龄与粪球菌、梭状杆菌、厌氧菌、双歧杆菌成正相关;流产次数与罗氏菌属、丹毒丝菌科正相关,与真杆菌属负相关;中医证候积分与粪球菌属呈正相关,与巨球型菌属、卡氏伯克霍氏菌、毛螺菌属呈负相关;变形杆菌门在URSA肾虚细化证型中存在显著差异。结论URSA肾虚血瘀型患者与正常女性肠道优势菌群的丰度比例存在差异,造成差异的主要贡献菌群不同。

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者认知障碍的研究进展

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)主要通过慢性间歇性缺氧、睡眠结构紊乱以及分子生物学改变等机制导致认知障碍的发生。其认知障碍主要表现为记忆力、注意力、执行力等下降,并伴有日常生活活动能力的缺损。随着近年对OSAS监测和评估体系的逐渐成熟,针对OSAS治疗手段的研究已取得一定进展,但OSAS导致认知障碍的机制尚需进一步的研究证实。本文就OSAS认知功能障碍近年的研究进展予以综述。

2型糖尿病肠道菌群与血糖、血脂等生化指标的相关性分析

目的探讨2型糖尿病肠道菌群与血糖、血脂等生化指标的相关性分析。方法将2020年1月—2022年12月在本院治疗的100例2型糖尿病患者作为观察组,将同期100例健康体检者作为对照组,对比两组的肠道菌群指标、血糖及血脂指标,分析两者的相关性。结果观察组双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌数目更低,而其他各项菌群数目高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组HDL-C水平更低,其他各项指标均更高(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析显示,血糖、血脂与拟杆菌、肠球菌、肠杆菌、酵母菌呈正相关,与双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌呈负相关(P<0.05),而HDL-C则相反(P<0.05)。结论2型糖尿病肠道菌群与血糖、血脂等生化指标存在明显相关性,两者互相影响,抑制2型糖尿病病情进展。

我国采供血机构双轨用工的问题与对策研究

目的 探析采供血机构双轨用工的问题,为优化人力资源管理提供对策建议。方法 运用专用调查表,对全国229家采供血机构进行调研,统计编制与非编制人员的数量、流动量等信息,并使用T检验进行差异性分析。结果 全国采供血机构普遍存在编制配比变动迟滞、人员新进量存在差异、自因型人员流失量差异明显、薪酬管理体系复杂且多样化的问题。结论 加强对双轨用工所带来的管理复杂性的认识,规划人员编制标准的动态机制,创新编制内外人员管理,优化人员配置结构。

不同针灸介入时机对大脑中动脉供血区急性脑梗死神经功能预后的影响

目的观察不同针灸介入时机对大脑中动脉供血区急性脑梗死神经功能预后的影响。方法回顾性选取2020年1月—2022年8月收治的116例大脑中动脉供血区急性脑梗死患者的临床资料进行分析,根据针灸介入时机分为两组。两组均进行静脉溶栓及常规药物治疗,观察组61例患者于发病72 h内给予针灸治疗,对照组55例患者于发病2周时给予针灸治疗。检测两组不同时间点侧支循环代偿情况、脑损伤标志物的水平,评估两组不同时间点简易精神状态检查(Mini-mental state examination,MMSE)评分、神经功能评分、Barthel指数(Barthel index,BI)评分、肢体运动功能评分、中医症状评分的差异,统计两组疗效。结果治疗前,两组侧支循环代偿情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗4周和随访时,两组患侧大脑前动脉平均血流速度与对侧大脑中动脉平均血流速度的比值(Ratio of the average flow ve⁃locity of the affected anterior cerebral artery to the average flow velocity of the contralateral middle cerebral artery,iVACA/cVM⁃CA)较治疗前升高,观察组同时间点较对照组更高(P<0.05);两组患侧大脑后动脉平均血流速度与对侧大脑中动脉平均血流速度的比值(Ratio of the average flow velocity of the affected posterior cerebral artery to the average flow velocity of the contralateral middle cerebral artery,iVPCA/cVMCA)与治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前,两组脑损伤标志物比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗4周和随访时,两组脑源性神经营养因子(Brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)较治疗前升高,观察组同时间点较对照组更高(P<0.05);两组钙结合蛋白β(Calcium binding proteinβ,S100β)、神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(Glial fibrillary acid protein,GFAP)较治疗前下降,观察组同时间点较对照组更低(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组Fugl-Meyer评分、中医症状评分等相关评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗4周和随访时,两组MMSE评分、BI评分及上肢和下肢Fugl-Meyer评分较治疗前升高,观察组同时间点较对照组更高(P<0.05);两组美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损(National institutes of health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分、中医症状评分较治疗前下降,观察组同时间点较对照组更低(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率为88.52%(54/61)高于对照组的72.73%(40/55),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论发病72h内采用针灸治疗可改善大脑中动脉供血区急性脑梗死脑损伤标志物的表达,改善脑血流,促进神经功能的恢复,有利于疾病的康复。

从“金郁泄之”论治溃疡性结肠炎

“金郁泄之”理论出自《黄帝内经》,“金”是肺与肠的基本属性,“郁”指郁滞,壅塞不通的异常状态,故“金郁”可理解为属金脏腑如肺、大肠所发壅滞、阻塞之证。“泄之”是五行属金脏腑郁滞的治疗方法,其具体含义应随“金郁”的病理产物、病位的不同而不同。溃疡性结肠炎多由邪蕴肠腑,气血瘀滞,肠道传导失司,湿、热、瘀于大肠相互搏结成郁,改变肠道属金肃降之性所致,其核心病机为湿热内蕴,气血瘀滞,属于“金郁”的范畴,病位虽在大肠,可波及于肺。故治疗应顺应“泄之”的法则,以祛除肺肠之郁为主,包括清泄与宣泄两种方法,同时补益肺、脾、肾三脏之气,以恢复肺肠之功能,达到扶正祛邪,标本兼顾的目的,促进溃疡性结肠炎的愈合。

山东省血站血液质量监测指标体系的构建

目的构建山东省血站血液质量监测指标体系,以期持续提升血液质量和标准化管理。方法通过文献、标准等检索,结合采供血实际工作,以采供血业务过程关键控制点为导向,拟定血液质量监测指标体系。经2轮德尔菲法专家征询和论证,运用主观加权和层次分析法分析各指标权重,又经6个月的试行,完成对指标内容的修订和完善。结果构建了覆盖采供血全过程的血液质量监测指标体系,包括一级指标5项,分别为献血服务、成分制备、血液检测、血液供应和质量控制;二级指标72项,包含指标含义、计算公式等。2轮专家征询意见和2轮论证会议,修订指标17项,并通过主观加权和层次分析法获得指标权重,经试行的局部微调,形成了血液质量监测指标体系。结论首次构建覆盖采供血业务全过程的血液质量监测指标体系,可有效评价血站质量管理水平,为打造山东省血液质量管理“一盘棋”发展模式、提升标准化管理水平奠定基础。

山东省血站献血服务、成分制备及血液供应过程质量监测指标体系的应用

目的建立有效的献血服务、成分制备及血液供应过程质量指标监测体系,客观地评价血液采集、制备和供应过程的质量控制水平,促进血站采供血过程的持续优化和标准化管理。方法建立覆盖采供血全过程的献血服务、成分制备、血液检测、血液供应和质量控制的质量监测指标体系,向山东省17家血站发放《采供血过程质量监测指标统计表》,明确指标定义和计算公式,收集各血站2022年1—12月质量监测指标数据,利用SPSS25.0软件对其中的献血服务(10个)、成分制备(7个)和血液供应(4个)3个方面21个质量监测指标数据进行统计学分析,并比较了不同规模血站质量监测指标的差异。结果17家血站献血服务过程质量监测指标平均值分别为:定期献血者比例44.66%(2233/5000)、献血不良反应发生率0.22%(11/50)、非标量全血采集率0.46%(23/5000)、HBsAg初筛漏检率0.052%(13/25000)、血液采集一针率99.42%(4971/5000)、双份单采血小板采集率86.49%(173/200)、400 mL全血采集率66.50%(133/200)、献血者满意度99.25%(397/400)、带旁路留样系统全血采集袋使用率82.68%(2067/2500)、血液采集职业暴露发生数1例;定期献血者比例和400 mL全血采集率具有较强的正相关(P<0.05);大型血站双份单采血小板采集率、献血不良反应发生率和非标量全血采集率显著低于中、小型血站(P<0.05)。17家血站成分制备过程质量监测指标平均值分别为:血液成分制备血袋破损率0.03%(3/10000)、乳糜血报废率3.05%(61/2000)、溶血报废率0.13%(13/10000)、贴签错误发生数0.06件、血液导管渗漏数8袋、血液穿刺/接驳渗漏数2.76袋、耗材不合格数0.59件;大型血站溶血报废率显著低于中型和小型血站(P<0.05)、大型和中型血站乳糜血报废率显著低于小型血站(P<0.05)。17家血站血液供应过程质量监测指标平均值分别为:血液制剂过期报废率0.023%(23/100000)、血液制剂储存发放破损率0.009%(9/100000)、退血报废率0.106%(53/50000)、用血医院服务满意度99.16%(2479/2500)。不同血站之间血液制剂储存发放破损率与血液成分制备血袋破损率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在大、中和小型血站之间定期献血者比例、献血不良反应发生率、非标量全血采集率、400 mL全血采集率、双份单采血小板采集率,血液成分制备血袋破损率、乳糜血报废率、溶血报废率、血液制剂过期报废率、血液制剂储存发放破损率和退血报废率的差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论山东省血站献血服务、成分制备及血液供应过程质量监测指标体系的建立具有较好的适用性、可行性和有效性,能够客观评价血站采供血过程质量管理水平,推进全省血液管理同质化和标准化发展,为今后开展血站综合评价奠定基础。