Intravascular photoacoustic and optical coherence tomography imaging dual-mode system for detecting spontaneous coronary artery dissection: A feasibility study

In this work,we present an intravascular dual-mode endoscopic system capable of both intravascular photoacoustic imaging(IVPAI)and intravascular optical coherence tomography(IVOCT)for recognizing spontaneous coronary artery dissection(SCAD)phantoms.IVPAI provides high-resolution and high-penetration images of intramural hematoma(IMH)at different depths,so it is especially useful for imaging deep blood clots associated with imaging phantoms.IVOCT can readily visualize the double-lumen morphology of blood vessel walls to identify intimal tears.We also demonstrate the capability of this dual-mode endoscopic system using mimicking phantoms and biological samples of blood clots in ex vivo porcine arteries.The results of the experiments indicate that the combined IVPAI and IVOCT technique has the potential to provide a more accurate SCAD assessment method for clinical applications.

Effect of negative remodeling of the side branch ostium on the efficacy of a two-stent strategy for distal left main bifurcation lesions:an intravascular ultrasound study

OBJECTIVES To investigate whether negative remodeling(NR) detected by intravascular ultrasound(IVUS) of the side branch ostium(SBO) would affect in-stent neointimal hyperplasia(NIH) at the one-year follow-up and the clinical outcome of target lesion failure(TLF) at the long-term follow-up for patients with left main bifurcation(LMb) lesions treated with a two-stent strategy.METHODS A total of 328 patients with de novo true complex LMb lesions who underwent a 2-stent strategy of percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) treatment guided by IVUS were enrolled in this study. We divided the study into two phases. Of all the patients, 48 patients who had complete IVUS detection pre-and post-PCI and at the 1-year follow-up were enrolled in phase Ⅰ analysis, which aimed to analyze the correlation between NR and in-stent NIH at SBO at the 1-year follow-up. If the correlation was confirmed, the cutoff value of the remodeling index(RI) for predicting NIH ≥ 50% was analyzed next. The phase Ⅱ analysis focused on the incidence of TLF as the primary endpoint at the 1-to 5-year follow-up for all 328 patients by grouping based on the cutoff value of RI.RESULTS In phase I: according to the results of a binary logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) analysis, the RI cutoff value predicting percent NIH ≥ 50% was 0.85 based on the ROC curve analysis, with a sensitivity of 85.7%, a specificity of 88.3%, and an AUC of 0.893(0.778, 1.000), P = 0.002. In phase Ⅱ: the TLR rate(35.8% vs. 5.3%, P < 0.0001)was significantly higher in the several NR(s NR, defined as RI ≤ 0.85) group than in the non-s NR group.CONCLUSION The NR of LCx O is associated with more in-stent NIH post-PCI for distal LMb lesions with a 2-stent strategy,and NR with RI ≤ 0.85 is linked to percent NIH area ≥ 50% at the 1-year follow-up and more TLF at the 5-year follow-up.

Comparison between sepsis-induced coagulopathy and sepsis-associated coagulopathy criteria in identifying sepsis-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation

BACKGROUND:Disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC)is associated with increased mortality in sepsis patients.In this study,we aimed to assess the clinical ability of sepsis-induced coagulopathy(SIC)and sepsis-associated coagulopathy(SAC)criteria in identifying overt-DIC and preDIC status in sepsis patients.METHODS:Data from 419 sepsis patients were retrospectively collected from July 2018 to December 2022.The performances of the SIC and SAC were assessed to identify overt-DIC on days 1,3,7,or 14.The SIC status or SIC score on day 1,the SAC status or SAC score on day 1,and the sum of the SIC or SAC scores on days 1 and 3 were compared in terms of their ability to identify pre-DIC.The SIC or SAC status on day 1 was evaluated as a pre-DIC indicator for anticoagulant initiation.RESULTS:On day 1,the incidences of coagulopathy according to overt-DIC,SIC and SAC criteria were 11.7%,22.0%and 31.5%,respectively.The specificity of SIC for identifying overt-DIC was significantly higher than that of the SAC criteria from day 1 to day 14(P<0.05).On day 1,the SIC score with a cut-off value>3 had a significantly higher sensitivity(72.00%)and area under the curve(AUC)(0.69)in identifying pre-DIC than did the SIC or SAC status(sensitivity:SIC status 44.00%,SAC status 52.00%;AUC:SIC status 0.62,SAC status 0.61).The sum of the SIC scores on days 1 and 3 had a higher AUC value for identifying the pre-DIC state than that of SAC(0.79 vs.0.69,P<0.001).Favorable effects of anticoagulant therapy were observed in SIC(adjusted hazard ratio[HR]=0.216,95%confidence interval[95%CI]:0.060–0.783,P=0.018)and SAC(adjusted HR=0.146,95%CI:0.041–0.513,P=0.003).CONCLUSION:The SIC and SAC seem to be valuable for predicting overt-DIC.The sum of SIC scores on days 1 and 3 has the potential to help identify pre-DIC.

Treatment of severely calcified coronary artery disease by intravascular lithotripsy primary outcomes and 180-day followup from the Chinese SOLSTICE Trial

OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and effectiveness of intravascular lithotripsy(IVL)treatment for de novo coronary lesion involving severely calcified vessels in a Chinese population.METHODS The Clinical Trial of the ShOckwave Coronary IVL System Used to Treat CalcIfied Coronary ArtEries(SOLSTICE)was a prospective,single-arm,multicentre trial.According to the inclusion criteria,patients with severely calcified lesions were enrolled in the study.IVL was used to perform calcium modification prior to stent implantation.The primary safety endpoint was freedom from major adverse cardiac events(MACEs)at 30 days.The primary effectiveness endpoint was procedural success,defined as successful stent delivery with residual stenosis<50% by core lab assessment without in-hospital MACEs.The morphological changes of calcium modification were assessed by optical coherence tomography(OCT)before and after IVL treatment.RESULTS Patients(n=20)were enrolled at three sites in China.Severe calcification by core lab assessment was present in all lesions,with a mean calcium angle and thickness of 300±51°and 0.99±0.12 mm(by OCT),respectively.The 30-day MACE rate was 5%.Both primary safety and effectiveness endpoints were achieved in 95% of patients.The final in-stent diameter stenosis was 13.1%±5.7% with no patient had a residual stenosis<50%after stenting.No serious angiographic complications(severe dissection grade D or worse,perforation,abrupt closure,slow flow/no-reflow)observed at any time during the procedure.OCT imaging demonstrated visible multiplane calcium fracture in 80% of lesions with a mean stent expansion of 95.62%±13.33% at the site of maximum calcification and minimum stent area(MSA)of 5.34±1.64 mm^(2).CONCLUSIONS The initial coronary IVL experience for Chinese operators resulted in high procedural success and low angiographic complications consistent with prior IVL studies,reflecting the relative ease of use of IVL technology.

Intravascular ultrasonography assisted carotid artery stenting for treatment of carotid stenosis: Two case reports

BACKGROUND Digital subtraction angiography(DSA),the gold standard of cerebrovascular disease diagnosis,is limited in its diagnostic ability to evaluate arterial diameter.Intravascular ultrasonography(IVUS)has advantages in assessing stenosis and plaque nature and improves the evaluation and effectiveness of carotid artery sten-ting(CAS).CASE SUMMARY Case 1:A 65-year-old man presented with a five-year history of bilateral lower limb weakness due to stroke.Physical examination showed decreased strength(5-/5)in both lower limbs.Carotid artery ultrasound,magnetic resonance angiography,and computed tomography angiography(CTA)showed a right proximal internal carotid artery(ICA)stenosis(70%-99%),acute cerebral infarction,and severe right ICA stenosis,respectively.We performed IVUS-assisted CAS to measure the stenosis and detected a low-risk plaque at the site of stenosis prior to stent implantation.Post-stent balloon dilatation was performed and postoperative IVUS demonstrated successful expansion and adherence.CTA six months postoperatively showed no significant increase in in-stent stenosis.Case 2:A 36-year-old man was admitted with a right common carotid artery(CCA)dissection detected by ultrasound.Physical examination showed no positive neurological signs.Carotid ultrasound and CTA showed lumen dilation in the proximal CCA with an intima-like structure and bulging in the proximal segment of the right CCA with strip-like low-density shadow(dissection or carotid web).IVUS-assisted DSA confirmed right CCA dissection.CAS was performed and intraoperative IVUS suggested a large residual false lumen.Post-stent balloon dilatation was performed reducing the false lumen.DSA three months postoperatively indicated good stent expansion with mild stenosis.CONCLUSION IVUS aids decision-making during CAS by accurately assessing carotid artery wall lesions and plaque nature preoperatively,dissection and stenosis morphology intraoperatively,and visualizing and confirming CAS postoperatively.

Use of intravascular lithotripsy in non-coronary artery lesions

BACKGROUND Intravascular lithotripsy(IVL)is a novel technique increasingly used for plaque modification and endovascular revascularization in patients with severe calcification and peripheral artery disease.However,much of the available literature on IVL is focused on its use in coronary arteries,with relatively limited data on non-coronary artery use.AIM To analyze the safety and efficacy of current IVL use in non-coronary artery lesions,as reported in case reports and case series.METHODS We searched EMBASE,PubMed,and Reference Citation Analysis databases for case reports and case series on IVL use in peripheral artery disease.We then extracted variables of interest and calculated the mean and proportions of these variables.RESULTS We included 60 patients from 33 case reports/case series.Ninety-eight percent of the cases had IVL usage in only one blood vessel,while four had the IVL used in two vessels(2.0%),resulting in 64 Lesions treated with IVL.The mean age of the patients was 73.7(SD 10.9).IVL was successfully used in severe iliofemoral artery stenosis(51.6%),severe innominate,subclavian,and carotid artery stenosis(26.7%combined),and severe mesenteric vessel stenosis(9.4%).Additionally,IVL was successfully used in severe renal(7.8%)and aortic artery(4.7%)stenosis.There were complications in 12%of the cases,with dissection being the commonest.CONCLUSION IVL has successfully used in plaque modification and endovascular revascularization in severely calcified and challenging lesions in the iliofemoral,carotid,subclavian,aorta,renal,and mesenteric vessels.The most severe but transient complications were with IVL use in the aortic arch and neck arteries.

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy: A case report

BACKGROUND Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma(AITL) is a subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, with heterogenous clinical manifestations and poor prognosis. Here,we report a case of AITL induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis(HLH)and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy(DIC).CASE SUMMARY An 83-year-old man presented with fever and purpura of both lower limbs for one month. Groin lymph node puncture and flow cytometry indicated a diagnosis of AITL. Bone marrow examination and other laboratory related indexes indicated DIC and HLH. The patient rapidly succumbed to gastrointestinal bleeding and septic shock.CONCLUSION This is the first reported case of AITL induced HLH and DIC. AITL is more aggressive in older adults. In addition to male gender, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, anaemia, and sustained high level of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio may indicate a greater risk of death. Early diagnosis, early detection of severe complications, and prompt and effective treatment are vital.

Asian variant intravascular large B-cell lymphoma with highly suspected central nervous system involvement:A case report

BACKGROUND Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma(IVLBCL)is a rare subtype of extranodal lymphoma.In particular,the Asian variant of IVLBCL is characterized by hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis along with bone marrow involvement.However,central nervous system(CNS)involvement is uncommon in this variant compared to the Western variant.Here,we report a case of typical Asian variant IVLBCL with highly suspected CNS involvement and discuss the nature of the disease and its genetic aberration.CASE SUMMARY A 67-year-old female patient complained of gradually worsening cognitive impairment.While hospitalized,she developed a high fever and showed marked bicytopenia.Intracranial imaging revealed a suspected leptomeningeal disease.Although no malignant cells were found in the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),the protein and lactate dehydrogenase levels in CSF were increased.Bone marrow examination revealed an increased number of hemophagocytic histiocytes,and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose(FDG)positron emission tomography with computerized tomography scan revealed increased FDG uptake in both adrenal glands,the liver,and the right ethmoid sinus.A tissue biopsy showed atypical large lymphoid cells with prominent nucleoli in the vessels,and the tumor cells were positive for CD20,BCL2,BCL6,and IRF4/MUM1.In addition,targeted sequencing identified MYD88,TET2,and PIM1 mutations.Consequently,we diagnosed the patient with the Asian variant of IVLBCL with highly suspected CNS involvement.CONCLUSION Suspicion of IVLBCL and immediate diagnosis lead to timely treatment.Moreover,careful CNS examination at diagnosis is recommended.

腔内影像学指导下旋磨联合血管内碎石术治疗重度冠状动脉钙化病变1例

1临床资料患者男,76岁,因“发作性胸痛半年余,加重1周”入院。查体:脉搏74次/min,血压138/73 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 k Pa),口唇无发绀,肝颈静脉反流征阴性,双肺呼吸音清。心界正常,心率74次/min,律齐,无杂音。心电图检查示V1-5导联ST-T变化。心肌肌钙蛋白(cardiac troponin,cTn)I 2.46μg/L,诊断为急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死。冠状动脉造影显示罪犯病变前降支近中段弥漫性重度钙化狭窄,最重处95%狭窄(图1(1)),心肌梗死溶栓治疗(TIMI)血流分级3级。

医源性椎动脉-主动脉内异物介入治疗1例

1临床资料。患者男,53岁,主诉:右颈部酸痛不适伴头晕1个月。1个月前曾在外院行经桡动脉冠脉造影术,1周前行胸片、B超检查提示右侧椎动脉-主动脉内异物,为进一步治疗来我院就诊。既往有冠心病、糖尿病、左侧颈内动脉-眼动脉段动脉瘤病史。查体:颈部无包块、无压痛,余无特殊。入院后在我院行颈部、胸部CT增强检查,可见右侧椎动脉-升主动脉内金属异物,呈U型成襻于升主动脉根部(见图1(4)(5)),异物两头端分别位于右椎动脉(见图1(1)(3))和右锁骨下动脉开口段,一头端插入右锁骨下动脉血管壁并疑似穿透血管(见图1(2))。

血管内超声指导旋磨联合切割球囊治疗重度冠状动脉钙化的临床效果

目的通过临床对比分析,探讨血管内超声(IVUS)指导旋磨联合切割球囊治疗重度冠状动脉钙化的效果。方法选取2013年1月至2022年8月在河南省人民医院心脏中心、郑州大学阜外华中心血管病医院行IVUS检查及冠状动脉造影确诊至少1处病变为重度钙化,且已在IVUS指导下进行经皮冠脉介入术治疗的患者180例为研究对象,其中包括旋磨组78例和旋切组102例,评价支架置入后即刻及术后1年的效果。结果旋磨组与旋切组患者最大钙化弧度分别为(220.66±20.73)°、(225.37±20.64)°,钙化长度比为0.74±0.04、0.73±0.05,支架置入前最小管腔面积为(2.48±0.07)mm^(2)、(2.50±0.09)mm^(2),两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。支架置入后,旋磨组和旋切组患者的最小支架面积分别为(5.40±0.23)mm^(2)和(5.51±0.20)mm^(2),即刻管腔获得面积分别为(2.89±0.32)mm^(2)和(3.02±0.40)mm^(2),两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1年,旋磨组和旋切组患者的最小支架面积分别为(4.65±0.19)mm^(2)和(4.76±0.20)mm^(2),两组患者血管丢失及靶血管重建比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论旋磨联合切割球囊治疗冠状动脉重度钙化病变,可以获得更好的支架置入后效果。降低术后1年靶血管血运重建的比例,改善患者预后。

用于血管内超声成像的高频换能器研制

血管内超声(Intravascular Ultrasound,IVUS)成像技术可以精确评估血管腔口径、血管壁形态和其他相关血流和血管特性,在冠状动脉疾病的诊断、治疗指导和治疗后的评估中发挥着重要作用。文章设计并制备了一种用于血管内超声成像的高频超声换能器,并对换能器的电学和声学性能进行测试和表征。结果表明,所制备IVUS换能器的中心频率为38.9 MHz,-6 dB相对带宽为56.6%,在谐振频率42.3 MHz处的电阻抗为22.6Ω,在反谐振频率48.2MHz处的电阻抗为56.5Ω,有效机电耦合系数为0.48。使用该换能器进行线仿体成像实验的结果显示,换能器的纵向分辨率为54μm,横向分辨率为209μm。最后,将文中制备的超声换能器与国外同类型换能器进行比较,结果表明,该换能器的性能良好,能够满足血管内超声临床检测需求,未来有望能够突破技术瓶颈,实现国产替代。

大脑半球大面积脑梗死患者血管内低温治疗时实现早期幽门后喂养的流程优化研究

目的优化大脑半球大面积脑梗死患者血管内低温治疗时实现早期幽门后喂养的护理流程并分析其应用效果。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2019年1月—2021年12月连续入住北京某三甲医院神经科ICU行血管内低温治疗的53例首发大脑半球大面积脑梗死患者为研究对象,其中对照组为2019年1月—2020年5月的25例患者,实验组为2020年6月—2021年12月的28例患者。实验组采用优化护理流程,对照组采用常规护理流程。比较两组患者鼻肠管置入成功率、置管相关并发症发生率、置管总耗时及血管内低温治疗启动耗时。结果实验组的鼻肠管置入成功率为85.7%,高于对照组(P<0.05);置管总耗时(48.84±19.12)min,较对照组明显缩短(P<0.05);实验组鼻肠管置入时鼻咽黏膜出血、消化道出血及心律失常的发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);两组间血管内低温启动耗时差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论大脑半球大面积脑梗死患者血管内低温治疗期间实现早期幽门后喂养的优化流程可确保血管内低温治疗按时启动,有效缩短鼻肠管置管耗时,提高置管成功率,减少置管相关并发症的发生。

血管内冲击波碎石术治疗股腘动脉重度钙化闭塞病变的临床效果

目的探讨血管内冲击波碎石术治疗股腘动脉重度钙化闭塞病变的临床疗效。方法收集2022年8月至2023年8月首都医科大学宣武医院收治的6例股腘动脉重度钙化闭塞病变患者的临床资料。所有患者均进行了血管内冲击波碎石术,观察患者的病变钙化程度、技术成功率、围手术期并发症发生情况及症状改善情况。结果经过血管内冲击波碎石术治疗后,6例患者的重度钙化斑块均发生不同程度的断裂,血管顺应性改善,管腔获得满意。最终3例患者使用药物洗脱球囊(DEB)扩张治疗,2例患者成功进行支架植入术,1例患者单纯使用冲击波球囊进行治疗,无手术相关并发症。术后患者的临床症状与ABI均得到改善。所有患者于住院期间、随访1个月均未发生主要不良心血管事件。结论对于股腘动脉重度钙化闭塞病变,血管内冲击波碎石术能够充分断裂钙化环,重塑血管顺应性,并发症发生率低,安全有效。

1例初始表现为急性弥散性血管内凝血的胃低分化腺癌伴多发转移:^(18)F-FDG PET/CT显像所见

患者女,20岁,无明显诱因阵发性下腹部疼痛伴牙龈出血、皮肤散在瘀斑及肛门坠胀感9天;既往体健。查体:贫血貌,全身皮肤散在片状瘀斑,四肢皮肤干燥;腹部柔软,无压痛及反跳痛。实验室检查:红细胞2.49×10^(12)/L,血小板36×10^(9)/L,血红蛋白70 g/L,血浆鱼精蛋白副凝固实验(+),D-二聚体>20 mg/L,纤维蛋白原降解产物>150.00 mg/L,糖类抗原12573.40 U/ml。

静吸复合麻醉与全凭静脉麻醉对化疗后肺癌患者心肌保护及免疫水平的影响

目的探讨静吸复合麻醉与全凭静脉麻醉对化疗后肺癌患者的心肌保护及免疫水平的影响。方法选取2021年1月至2023年1月河南省胸科医院收治的化疗后行肺癌根治术的肺癌患者112例作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为研究组、参照组,各56例。参照组接受静吸复合麻醉方案,研究组接受全凭静脉麻醉方案。比较两组临床指标[拔管/术后清醒/手术/麻醉起效/定向力恢复/听从指令时间、术中出血量、术后视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]。以术前(T_(0))、插管侧位双肺通气15 min(T_(1))、单肺通气15 min(T_(2))、单肺通气30 min(T_(3))、单肺通气60 min(T_(4))为时间点,比较两组血流动力学指标[心率(HR)、平均动脉血压(MAP)]水平。以麻醉诱导前(t_(0))、手术即刻时(t_(1))、术后6 h(t_(2))、术后12 h(t_(3))为时间点,比较两组心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)水平。以术前、术后1 d、术后7 d为时间节点,比较两组免疫功能指标(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))水平及并发症发生情况。结果研究组麻醉起效、拔管、定向力恢复、听从指令、术后清醒时间均短于参照组,术后VAS评分均低于参照组(P<0.05);T_(1)~T_(4)时间段研究组MAP、HR水平均低于参照组,波动幅度均小于参照组(P<0.05);t_(2)、t_(3)时间点研究组cTnI水平均低于参照组(P<0.05);术后1、7 d研究组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平均高于参照组(P<0.05);研究组术后并发症总发生率(8.93%)低于参照组(23.21%)(P<0.05)。结论静吸复合麻醉与全凭静脉麻醉应用于肺癌根治术中,均具有麻醉、镇痛、稳定血流动力学水平的效果,能降低术后并发症发生率和提高免疫功能,但全凭静脉麻醉的麻醉质量更高。

血管内超声测定定量血流分数对临界病变冠状动脉介入手术策略的价值

目的结合血管内超声结果分析定量血流分数在评估冠状动脉中重度狭窄及介入手术策略的指导价值。方法回顾性收集2022年2—10月在北京安贞医院住院行冠状动脉造影(CA)和/或经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)并接受靶血管血管内超声检查(IVUS)的患者110例,基于IVUS结果定量测定靶血管最小管腔面积(MLA)和斑块负荷(PB)等参数。利用患者的冠状动脉造影图像数据,对接受治疗的靶病变血管计算定量血流分数(QFR)。以IVUS结果为依据,评价QFR对血管病变程度的诊断及对行介入手术策略的价值。结果筛选临界病变并行IVUS检查110例,其中IVUS图像伪影严重13例,血管严重迂曲18例,造影显示全程病变或图像质量不佳24例,最终共计入组患者55例、靶血管55支。以IVUS管腔面积≤3 mm^(2)或IVUS管腔面积≤4 mm^(2)并且IVUS斑块负荷≥70%,作为血管显著狭窄引起心肌缺血的诊断标准。患者QFR值为0.75±0.12,MLA为(3.32±0.74)mm^(2),PB为(70±9)%。QFR值≤0.800时与IVUS评价冠状动脉狭窄缺血的一致性良好(Kappa=0.656,P<0.01,95%CI 0.452~0.860)。QFR的敏感度为0.853,特异度为0.810,阳性预测值为87.9%,阴性预测值为77.3%;MLA和QFR值之间存在中度正相关关系(r=0.566,P<0.01)。PB和QFR值之间存在轻度负相关关系(r=-0.371,P<0.01)。结论QFR对冠脉临界病变狭窄治疗决策的指导具有良好的诊断意义。

血管内大B细胞淋巴瘤的临床病理特征

目的 探讨血管内大B细胞淋巴瘤(IVLBCL)的临床病理学特征。方法 收集4例IVLBCL患者的临床及辅助检查资料,结合病理组织学及免疫组化特点,分析其临床病理特征。结果 患者男性3例,女性1例,年龄48~80岁。发生于前列腺的患者表现为进行性排尿困难;发生于右侧附睾的患者表现为阴囊肿大;发生于下肢的患者表现为下肢近端内侧红肿并触及硬结。镜下淋巴瘤细胞位于小血管腔内,细胞体积中等偏大,核浆比高,核仁明显,核分裂象可见。全部病例表达CD19、CD20、CD79a及MUM-1,部分病例表达BCL-6、CD5、CD30及CD10,同时表达BCL-2和C-MYC,Ki-67阳性指数高。结论 IVLBCL是一种罕见的侵袭性淋巴瘤,确诊需结合病理组织学形态及免疫组化,不同亚型临床表现和预后有差别,早诊断、含利妥昔单抗的联合化疗可延长生存期,BTK抑制剂靶向治疗可改善预后。

以急性血管内溶血为首发表现的青少年遗传性球形红细胞增多症

目的 提高临床医生对表现不典型、缺乏明确的家族遗传史HS患者的认识。方法 回顾一例以急性血管内溶血为首发表现的青少年HS患儿的临床资料并进行分析。结果 患儿,男,13岁3月,以急性血管内溶血为首发表现,早期诊断不明确,后经基因检测最终确诊为球形红细胞增多症2型。结论 部分HS表现不典型、缺乏明确的家族遗传史,在诊断不确定或疑似HS的情况下,需进行基因检测。

血管内冲击波治疗下肢动脉钙化病变的临床疗效

目的探讨血管内冲击波治疗下肢动脉钙化病变的临床疗效及安全性。方法收集2023年1月至2024年1月于国家中医针灸临床医学研究中心/天津中医药大学第一附属医院就诊的60例下肢动脉钙化病变患者的临床资料,所有患者均完成血管内冲击波治疗,比较手术前后所有患者踝肱指数(ABI)、疼痛程度、D-二聚体水平、凝血功能指标,统计手术成功率及术后并发症发生情况。结果术前,ABI为(0.48±0.21),与术后(0.79±0.25)比较,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。60例患者中45例以疼痛为主要症状,其中,0级疼痛由术前6例增加至术后18例,2级疼痛由术前13例增加至术后17例,4级疼痛由术前15例减少至术后8例,6级疼痛由术前8例减少至术后2例,8级疼痛由术前3例减少至术后0例,无10级疼痛患者。手术前后所有患者凝血功能各项指标、D-二聚体水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。手术成功率为100%,术后均未发生严重夹层、急性血栓等手术并发症。结论血管内冲击波是治疗下肢动脉钙化病变的有效手段,且并发症发生率低,安全、有效。