The main purpose of this paper is to respond to the questions what is mind and consciousness and where this resides.The answers are based on the frontline Informational Model of Human Body and Living Structures(IMHBLS...The main purpose of this paper is to respond to the questions what is mind and consciousness and where this resides.The answers are based on the frontline Informational Model of Human Body and Living Structures(IMHBLS),which shows that mind and consciousness can be described by the activity of the Informational System of the Human Body and Living Structures(ISHBLS),consisting of seven informational components,each of them with specific activity and functions,inter-correlated to support the immaterial/informational manifestation of the body expressed by mind and consciousness.The basic concept of matter-related and virtual information results as a consequence of the operability of the physics,chemistry,biologic,or mathematics laws,which actually act as informational operators,such processes are informationally driven and manifested finally as a“media-like functions”of mind and consciousness,on the“screen/display”of prefrontal cortex.The mind is therefore described as the capacity of every individual to access the data field of own life experience,where the thought acts as an informational operator,which can activate the required information from internal/external reality.Consciousness is the result of the info-representation of the explored reality,accumulated by the momentary connection,and compared/combined with the life experience,serving as judgment reference/criteria.The question is discussed in relation with the localization of consciousness,showing that this resides in the brain,as a result of the activity of ISHBLS.The discussion on the experimental evidences concerning the minimal basic components necessary and sufficient to sustain consciousness,compared with the results of the informational model,indicates the cortico-thalamus axis,in a full agreement each other.One of the basic findings is that the activation of consciousness is operated in two steps,one consisting in a feed-forward reception and another in feedback perception for recognition of the info-significance,which is fully supported by the recently reported experimental results.The phenomena of intuition,inspiration,premonition,“deja vue”,retrocausality,and intentionality are discussed.This model unifies the eastern and western concepts/models on consciousness and mind,explaining the energetic Yung/Yin Chinese model by YES/NO-informational Bit-type behavior,the Plato’s ideas/forms by“information”concept as a participating component of reality,Aristotle’s materialist view with matter structuration(assisted by information),and archaic model of the seven“chakras”at human,as vital informational centers connected with the body.展开更多
Physical restraint is a common nursing intervention in intensive care units and nurses often use it to ensure patients'safety and to prevent unexpected accidents.However,existing literature indicated that the use ...Physical restraint is a common nursing intervention in intensive care units and nurses often use it to ensure patients'safety and to prevent unexpected accidents.However,existing literature indicated that the use of physical restraint is a complex one because of inadequate rationales,the negative physical and emotional effects on patients,but the lack of perceived alternatives.This paper is aimed to interpret the clinical decision-making theories related to the use of physical restraint in intensive care units in order to facilitate our understanding on the use of physical restraint and to evaluate the quality of decisions made by nurses.By reviewing the literature,intuition and heuristics are the main decision-making strategies related to the use of physical restraint in intensive care units because the rapid and reflexive nature of intuition and heuristics allow nurses to have a rapid response to urgent and emergent cases.However,it is problematic if nurses simply count their decision-making on experience rather than incorporate research evidence into clinical practice because of inadequate evidence to support the use of physical restraint.Besides that,such a rapid response may lead nurses to make decisions without adequate assessment and thinking and therefore biases and errors may be generated.Therefore,despite the importance of intuition and heuristics in decision-making in acute settings on the use of physical restraint,it is recommended that nurses should incorporate research evidence with their experience to make decisions and adequate assessment before implementing physical restraint is also necessary.展开更多
Before the present of basic model,one example is given in section 2 to illustrate the economic intuition behind the SSE. The general model,including the three hypotheses,adaptive play setting and basic results is laid...Before the present of basic model,one example is given in section 2 to illustrate the economic intuition behind the SSE. The general model,including the three hypotheses,adaptive play setting and basic results is laid out in section 3. Sections 4 study the asymptotic behavior of this model. This review concludes with a comment.展开更多
With the rapid development of computing technology,experimental teaching explores new teaching methods using virtual laboratory and digital laboratory.Based on the characteristics of visualization,continuity and simul...With the rapid development of computing technology,experimental teaching explores new teaching methods using virtual laboratory and digital laboratory.Based on the characteristics of visualization,continuity and simulation,digital animation technology has become an important form of application in experimental teaching reform.This paper analyzes the artistic characteristics of digital animation,and summarizes that digital animation can display the experimental information intuitively,enable students to quickly obtain the cognition of the experimental content,and obtain psychological pleasure through digital animation in experimental learning,thus improving the teaching effect of experimental teaching.展开更多
Geometric intuition is one of the core concepts introduced by the new mathematical cxirriculum standards.It aims to use intuition and intuitive materials to deepen the understanding of mathematics in mathematical cogn...Geometric intuition is one of the core concepts introduced by the new mathematical cxirriculum standards.It aims to use intuition and intuitive materials to deepen the understanding of mathematics in mathematical cognition activities.It does not only play a role in the learning of"graphics and geometry/but its'irreplaceable role also involves the whole process of mathematics education.Therefore,if teachers can skillfully use geometric intuition in the teaching process,classroom efficiency will be greatly improved.展开更多
This paper put forward the concept of systems intuition. In the paper, features of intuitivethinking are described at first. Then the origins of Oriental intuitive thinking from the ancient Chinesephilosophy are explo...This paper put forward the concept of systems intuition. In the paper, features of intuitivethinking are described at first. Then the origins of Oriental intuitive thinking from the ancient Chinesephilosophy are explored. Finally put the focus on new concepts: systems intuition and collectivesystems intuition as well as the relation between intuition and tacit knowledge.展开更多
This commentary discusses how philosophy and science can collaborate to understand the human mind, considering dialogues involving three philosophers and three cognitive scientists. Their topics include the relation o...This commentary discusses how philosophy and science can collaborate to understand the human mind, considering dialogues involving three philosophers and three cognitive scientists. Their topics include the relation of philosophy and science, the nature of mind, the problem of consciousness, and the existence of free will. I argue that philosophy is more general and normative than science, but they are interdependent. Philosophy can build on the cognitive sciences to develop a theory of mind I call ＂multilevel materialism,＂ which integrates molecular, neural, mental, and social mechanisms. Consciousness is increasingly being understood as resulting from neural mechanisms. Scientific advances make the traditional concept of free will implausible, but ＂freeish＂ will is consistent with new theories of decision making and action resulting from brain processes. Philosophers should work closely with scientists to address profound problems about knowledge, reality, and values.展开更多
Godel asserts that his philosophy falls under the category of conceptual realism. This paper gives a general picture of GOdel＇s conceptual realism＇s basic doctrines, and gives a way to understand conceptual realism ...Godel asserts that his philosophy falls under the category of conceptual realism. This paper gives a general picture of GOdel＇s conceptual realism＇s basic doctrines, and gives a way to understand conceptual realism in the background of Leibniz＇s and Kant＇s philosophies. Among philosophers of mathematics, there is a widespread view that Platonism encounters an epistemological difficulty because we do not have sensations of abstract objects. In his writings, Grdel asserts that we have mathematical intuitions of mathematical objects. Some philosophers do not think it is necessary to resort to intuition to defend Platonism, and other philosophers think that the arguments resorting to intuition are too naive to be convincing. I argue that the epistemic difficulty is not particular to Platonism; when faced with skepticism, physicalists also need to give an answer concerning the relationship between our experience and reality. Grdel and Kant both think that sensations or combinations of sensations are not ideas of physical objects, but that, to form ideas of physical objects, concepts must be added. However, unlike Kant, Grdel thinks that concepts are not subjective but independent of our minds. Based on my analysis of Grdel＇s conceptual realism, I give an answer to the question in the title and show that arguments resorting to intuition are far from naive, despite what some philosophers have claimed.展开更多
文摘The main purpose of this paper is to respond to the questions what is mind and consciousness and where this resides.The answers are based on the frontline Informational Model of Human Body and Living Structures(IMHBLS),which shows that mind and consciousness can be described by the activity of the Informational System of the Human Body and Living Structures(ISHBLS),consisting of seven informational components,each of them with specific activity and functions,inter-correlated to support the immaterial/informational manifestation of the body expressed by mind and consciousness.The basic concept of matter-related and virtual information results as a consequence of the operability of the physics,chemistry,biologic,or mathematics laws,which actually act as informational operators,such processes are informationally driven and manifested finally as a“media-like functions”of mind and consciousness,on the“screen/display”of prefrontal cortex.The mind is therefore described as the capacity of every individual to access the data field of own life experience,where the thought acts as an informational operator,which can activate the required information from internal/external reality.Consciousness is the result of the info-representation of the explored reality,accumulated by the momentary connection,and compared/combined with the life experience,serving as judgment reference/criteria.The question is discussed in relation with the localization of consciousness,showing that this resides in the brain,as a result of the activity of ISHBLS.The discussion on the experimental evidences concerning the minimal basic components necessary and sufficient to sustain consciousness,compared with the results of the informational model,indicates the cortico-thalamus axis,in a full agreement each other.One of the basic findings is that the activation of consciousness is operated in two steps,one consisting in a feed-forward reception and another in feedback perception for recognition of the info-significance,which is fully supported by the recently reported experimental results.The phenomena of intuition,inspiration,premonition,“deja vue”,retrocausality,and intentionality are discussed.This model unifies the eastern and western concepts/models on consciousness and mind,explaining the energetic Yung/Yin Chinese model by YES/NO-informational Bit-type behavior,the Plato’s ideas/forms by“information”concept as a participating component of reality,Aristotle’s materialist view with matter structuration(assisted by information),and archaic model of the seven“chakras”at human,as vital informational centers connected with the body.
文摘Physical restraint is a common nursing intervention in intensive care units and nurses often use it to ensure patients'safety and to prevent unexpected accidents.However,existing literature indicated that the use of physical restraint is a complex one because of inadequate rationales,the negative physical and emotional effects on patients,but the lack of perceived alternatives.This paper is aimed to interpret the clinical decision-making theories related to the use of physical restraint in intensive care units in order to facilitate our understanding on the use of physical restraint and to evaluate the quality of decisions made by nurses.By reviewing the literature,intuition and heuristics are the main decision-making strategies related to the use of physical restraint in intensive care units because the rapid and reflexive nature of intuition and heuristics allow nurses to have a rapid response to urgent and emergent cases.However,it is problematic if nurses simply count their decision-making on experience rather than incorporate research evidence into clinical practice because of inadequate evidence to support the use of physical restraint.Besides that,such a rapid response may lead nurses to make decisions without adequate assessment and thinking and therefore biases and errors may be generated.Therefore,despite the importance of intuition and heuristics in decision-making in acute settings on the use of physical restraint,it is recommended that nurses should incorporate research evidence with their experience to make decisions and adequate assessment before implementing physical restraint is also necessary.
文摘Before the present of basic model,one example is given in section 2 to illustrate the economic intuition behind the SSE. The general model,including the three hypotheses,adaptive play setting and basic results is laid out in section 3. Sections 4 study the asymptotic behavior of this model. This review concludes with a comment.
基金Research on the Unique Role of Digital Animation in Energy Science Experimental Teaching.
文摘With the rapid development of computing technology,experimental teaching explores new teaching methods using virtual laboratory and digital laboratory.Based on the characteristics of visualization,continuity and simulation,digital animation technology has become an important form of application in experimental teaching reform.This paper analyzes the artistic characteristics of digital animation,and summarizes that digital animation can display the experimental information intuitively,enable students to quickly obtain the cognition of the experimental content,and obtain psychological pleasure through digital animation in experimental learning,thus improving the teaching effect of experimental teaching.
文摘Geometric intuition is one of the core concepts introduced by the new mathematical cxirriculum standards.It aims to use intuition and intuitive materials to deepen the understanding of mathematics in mathematical cognition activities.It does not only play a role in the learning of"graphics and geometry/but its'irreplaceable role also involves the whole process of mathematics education.Therefore,if teachers can skillfully use geometric intuition in the teaching process,classroom efficiency will be greatly improved.
文摘This paper put forward the concept of systems intuition. In the paper, features of intuitivethinking are described at first. Then the origins of Oriental intuitive thinking from the ancient Chinesephilosophy are explored. Finally put the focus on new concepts: systems intuition and collectivesystems intuition as well as the relation between intuition and tacit knowledge.
文摘This commentary discusses how philosophy and science can collaborate to understand the human mind, considering dialogues involving three philosophers and three cognitive scientists. Their topics include the relation of philosophy and science, the nature of mind, the problem of consciousness, and the existence of free will. I argue that philosophy is more general and normative than science, but they are interdependent. Philosophy can build on the cognitive sciences to develop a theory of mind I call ＂multilevel materialism,＂ which integrates molecular, neural, mental, and social mechanisms. Consciousness is increasingly being understood as resulting from neural mechanisms. Scientific advances make the traditional concept of free will implausible, but ＂freeish＂ will is consistent with new theories of decision making and action resulting from brain processes. Philosophers should work closely with scientists to address profound problems about knowledge, reality, and values.
文摘Godel asserts that his philosophy falls under the category of conceptual realism. This paper gives a general picture of GOdel＇s conceptual realism＇s basic doctrines, and gives a way to understand conceptual realism in the background of Leibniz＇s and Kant＇s philosophies. Among philosophers of mathematics, there is a widespread view that Platonism encounters an epistemological difficulty because we do not have sensations of abstract objects. In his writings, Grdel asserts that we have mathematical intuitions of mathematical objects. Some philosophers do not think it is necessary to resort to intuition to defend Platonism, and other philosophers think that the arguments resorting to intuition are too naive to be convincing. I argue that the epistemic difficulty is not particular to Platonism; when faced with skepticism, physicalists also need to give an answer concerning the relationship between our experience and reality. Grdel and Kant both think that sensations or combinations of sensations are not ideas of physical objects, but that, to form ideas of physical objects, concepts must be added. However, unlike Kant, Grdel thinks that concepts are not subjective but independent of our minds. Based on my analysis of Grdel＇s conceptual realism, I give an answer to the question in the title and show that arguments resorting to intuition are far from naive, despite what some philosophers have claimed.
