Systematic investigation of Radix Salviae for treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy disease based on network Pharmacology

BACKGROUND Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN)is a debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus with limited available treatment options.Radix Salviae,a traditional Chinese herb,has shown promise in treating DPN,but its therapeutic mech-anisms have not been systematically investigated.AIM Radix Salviae(Danshen in pinin),a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),is widely used to treat DPN in China.However,the mechanism through which Radix Salviae treats DPN remains unclear.Therefore,we aimed to explore the mechanism of action of Radix Salviae against DPN using network pharmacology.METHODS The active ingredients and target genes of Radix Salviae were screened using the TCM pharmacology database and analysis platform.The genes associated with DPN were obtained from the Gene Cards and OMIM databases,a drug-com-position-target-disease network was constructed,and a protein–protein inter-action network was subsequently constructed to screen the main targets.Gene Ontology(GO)functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis were performed via the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)using Bioconductor.RESULTS A total of 56 effective components,108 targets and 4581 DPN-related target genes of Radix Salviae were screened.Intervention with Radix Salviae for DPN mainly involved 81 target genes.The top 30 major targets were selected for enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG pathways.CONCLUSION These results suggested that Radix Salviae could treat DPN by regulating the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.Therefore,Danshen may affect DPN by regulating inflammation and apoptosis.

Effect of trigger system on experimental dispersion characteristics of active surface wave testing

A trigger system is typically employed in active seismic testing to trigger and synchronize multichannel surface wave data acquisition.The effect of the trigger system on the dispersion image of surface waves is empirically known to be negligible,however,theoretical explanation regarding the effect of the trigger system is insufficient.This study systematically examines the theory for surface wave dispersion analysis and proves that the effect of the trigger system on a dispersion image is negligible via a solid theoretical explanation.Subsequently,based on the new theoretical explanation,an alternative method that uses only the relative phase difference between sensors to extract dispersion characteristics with better conceptual clarity is proposed.Two active surface wave testing cases are considered to validate the theory and method.The results indicate that(1)an accurate trigger system is not necessary for surface wave data acquisition,and(2)it is unnecessary to assume that the impact point is the generation point of the surface waves for the experimental dispersion analysis.

Thermo-economic Investigation of an Enhanced Geothermal System Organic Rankine Cycle and Combined Heating and Power System

As a potentially viable renewable energy, Enhanced Geothermal Systems(EGSs) extract heat from hot dry rock(HDR) reservoirs to produce electricity and heat, which promotes the progress towards carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. The main challenge for EGSs is to reduce the investment cost. In the present study, thermo-economic investigations of EGS projects are conducted. The effects of geofluid mass flow rate, wellhead temperature and loss rate on the thermo-economic performance of the EGS organic Rankine cycle(ORC) are studied. A performance comparison between EGS-ORC and the EGS combined heating and power system(CHP) is presented. Considering the CO_(2)emission reduction benefits, the influence of carbon emission trading price on the levelized cost of energy(LCOE) is also presented. It is indicated that the geofluid mass flow rate is a critical parameter in dictating the success of a project. Under the assumed typical working conditions, the LCOE of EGS-ORC and EGS-CHP systems are 24.72 and 16.1 cents/k Wh, respectively. Compared with the EGS-ORC system, the LCOE of the EGS-CHP system is reduced by 35%. EGS-CHP systems have the potential to be economically viable in the future. With carbon emission trading prices of 12.76 USD/ton, the LCOE can be reduced by approximately 8.5%.

Use of Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Investigate the Mechanism by Which Ginseng Ameliorates Hypoxia

Hypoxia is a common pathological process in various clinical diseases and is characterized by abnormal changes in metabolism, function, and morphological structure of tissues resulting from insufficient oxygen supply or oxygen barriers in tissues. In particular, hypoxia in vital organs such as the brain and heart is an important cause of death;. The prevention of tissue hypoxia and the

Propagation Properties of Backward Lamb Waves in Plate Investigated by Dynamic Photoelastic Technique

The dynamic photoelastic technique is employed to visualize and quantify the propagation properties of backward Lamb waves in a plate. Higher energy leakage of second-order symmetric backward wave mode S2b in contrast to third-order anti-symmetric backward mode A3b is shown by the dispersion curve of a plate immersed in water, and then verified by experiments. To avoid the considerable high leakage, the plate is placed in air, both group and phase velocities of modes S2b and A3b in the glass plate are experimentally measured. In comparison with the theoretical values, less than 5% errors are found in experiments.

Proposition of a New Type of Jointless System For Existing Concrete Bridges

Since 1990s, the use of deicing salts （i.e., chlorides） has dramatically increased in areas with heavy snowfall in Japan. As a result, the water mixed with salts has accelerated the damage of the reinforced concrete （hereafter, RC） structures. Recently conducted inspection results of RC bridges have reported that many of the damages or deteriorations are observed at the girder ends and abutments This is caused from the water leakage due to the aged expansion joints. In general, the cost for repairing the damaged RC structures is much higher than that for renewing the expansion joints. Therefore, to prevent these damages, we developed a new highly durable jointless system, named RC plug joint, for existing RC bridges with a bridge length less than 40 meters. The RC plug joint connects the abutment＇s backwall to the superstructure＇s deck using reinforcing steel bars and fiber reinforced concrete. The newly developed RC plug joint system can prevent water leakage and allow for a smooth ride of vehicles at the joint. This paper will explore and discuss the development of the RC plug joint, analysis of conducted investigations, and future installation methods.

Investigation and Improvement of Grass-roots Agricultural Extension System in Yichang City

Through a questionnaire survey, the working status, payment and ideological conditions of 166 grassroots agro-technicians were studied and analyzed. As is indicated by the results, the technicians are generally paid with low wages, and lack enthusiasm and initiative in jobs, and most of them take a second job. After an exposure of the existing problems in the grassroots agricultural extension system in Yichang, some suggestions were proposed for improving the agricultural extension system in the new era.

Investigate Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Lipid Profile in STZ-Induced Rats Treated with Antioxidant Vitamin

The objective of this study was designed to investigate, evaluate the effect of vitamin E on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats by showing significant changes in blood glucose, water, food intake, lipid profile, serum urea and ceratinine level, and antioxidant enzyme parameters activity. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced toxicity was studied in male Waster rats;each divided into four groups: G1, GII, GIII, and GIV. Control rats GI, rats treated with vitamin E (GII), STZ-induced diabetic rats (GIII), and STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with vitamin E (G1V). Moreover, vitamin E reduced (p < 0.05) blood glucose and urea, thus, our study improved the lipid profile (reduced the serum levels of amount of total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, cholesterol and triacyglycerols, and increased HDL cholesterol) and increased total amount protein in STZ-induced diabetic rats (GIV). Vitamin prevented modification in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSX-Px) and in the concentration of the lipid hydroperoxide. Finally the study suggested that vitamin E improved hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia while inhibiting the progression of oxidative stress in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

Use of sensory substitution devices as a model system for investigating cross-modal neuroplasticity in humans

Blindness provides an unparalleled opportunity to study plasticity of the nervous system in humans.Seminal work in this area examined the often dramatic modifications to the visual cortex that result when visual input is completely absent from birth or very early in life（Kupers and Ptito,2014）.More recent studies explored what happens to the visual pathways in the context of acquired blindness.This is particularly relevant as the majority of diseases that cause vision loss occur in the elderly.

On the Plant Diversity and Ecosystem Construction in Yuxi City of Yunnan Province

315 species(and cultivars) belonging to 235 genera of 104 families are recorded by investigation in the urban area of Yuxi City,Yunan Province.The investigated areas include urban parks,squares,street green belts,and accessory greenbelts of institutes.It is concluded that the urban plant diversity is inferior to that of natural forest community of the prefecture area.Strategies for urban ecosystem construction in Yuxi City are proposed based on the development goal of ecological garden city.

The Analysis of the Influencing Factors on the Implementing Effects of Plant Breeders' Rights(PBR)System in China

The implementing effects of plant breeders＇ rights（PBR）system is influenced by many factors,such as knowledge of the PBR system,the expense of time for the application and approval,the cost of the applying case,etc..Statistical analysis was carried out based on the above influencing factors by means of questionnaire to find out specific reasons.The result suggests that weak propagandizing;inappropriate propagandizing patterns and obstructed approaches for new regulations are all negatively contributing to the PBR.Meanwhile,current PBR system in China which has been found with many irrational aspects affected the impractical design of regulatory operation and the examining efficiency.Lastly,several suggestions were offered on the base of the results.

INVESTIGATION ON THE PHASE DIAGRAM OF TERNARY SYSTEM LaCl_3-SrCl_2-LiCl

Abstract: The phase diagram of ternary system LaCl3 - SrCl2 - LiCl has been investigated by means of DTA. It was found that there were three fields corresponding to primary crystallization of LaCl3, SrCl2 and LiCl respectively, three univeriant curves related to the secondary crystallization, a ternary eutectic E (46.8% LaCl3, 25.4% SrCl, 30.0% LiCl; 469℃) in the system. A ternary reaction occurred in the system:L = LaCl3 + SrCl2 + LiCl

An Intelligence Decision Support System for Diagnosis and Management of Grain and Cotton Crop Pests in Xinjiang

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is a scarcely populated area in China and technicians for plant protection are extremely deficient.The occurrence areas of insect pests in grain and cotton crops have been increasing year by year, causing serious economic losses. Aiming for several main grain and economic crops of Xinjiang(cotton, corn and wheat), an intelligence decision support system for diagnosis and management of grain and cotton crop pests in Xinjiang was designed and developed, which was based on android platform and windows system architecture. APP application program of smart phones was used as an implementation form. The intelligence decision support system will help plant protection personnel and farmers to solve local pest recognition and prevention control problem at the grassroots level in Xinjiang remote regions.

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON R134A AIRBORNE VAPOR-COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

The airborne high power electrical equipments have been widely used in modern aircrafts , which consequently causes the dramatic increase of heating load up to dozens of kilowatts.Accordingly , vapor-compression refrigeration system ( VCRS ) with lower engine bleed air and larger refrigeration capacity has been paid much attention in recent years.Therefore , based on the analysis of the characteristics of VCRS , an experiment system of VCRS using R134ais set up to simulate operation performances.The influences of different parameters including evaporation pressure , condensing pressure , refrigerant mass flow rate and compressor rotation speed are also investigated.The impacts of different parameters on the system performance are various.This work can help to establish the specific control law under different work conditions.

Investigation of Plant Systemic Organoselena Compounds (Ⅰ) Synthesis of Selena-Morpholind and its Derivatives

The synthesis of selena-morpholine and its derivatives is described.

Preliminary Data on Legionella Detection in Water Distribution Systems in Cameroon

After the declaration of the first case of Legionnaire＇s disease in Cameroon in 2007, the Centre Pasteur of Cameroon implemented the detection method for Legionella. The introduction of this new method was put in places in order to investigate Legionella spp. colonization of water distribution systems （WDS） of large buildings including hospitals, hotels and Off Shore Exploitations Sites （OSES） in an attempt to identify risk factors for Legionella spp. Water systems of 6 hotels, 6 hospitals and 6 ships were investigated for the presence of Legionella spp.. A total of 130 samples were collected, 77 from hotels, 27 from hospitals and 26 from ships. 51 Legionella spp. were isolated from 41 （31.54%） water samples. Of a total of 51 positive isolates, 40/51 （78.4%） were L. pneumophila with 21 （52.5%） Legionellapneumophila serogroup （sg） 1, 16 （40%） L. pneumophila sg 5, 2 （5%） L. pneumophila sg 6, 1 （2.5%） L. pneumophila sg 7 and 11/51 Legionella spp. with 10 （90%） L. anisa, 1 （10%） Legionella dumoffii. 5 L. pneumophila sg 1 were associated with 5 L. pneumophila sg 5 and 4 L. pneumophila sg 1 were associated with 4 L. anisa. These results showed that WDS of hospitals, hotels and ships can be heavily colonized by Legionella spp. and may present a risk of Legionnaires＇ disease. Based on these preliminary results, we have just put in place a Legionella survey protocol in Cameroon.

Investigation of Structural System Safety

In order to investigate the behavior of buildings and engineering structures during earthquakes, based on the data of seismic observation devices mounted on constructions with typical characteristics, results of investigating the change of mechanical properties of building structural system over time and the results of examination of structural rigidity and safety change over time, depending on the dynamic characteristics of the building, determined by experimental investigations made at intervals are mentioned in this article. In addition, evaluation of earthquake acceleration acting on structures due to earthquake-induced damage characteristics of buildings and engineering constructions which are made earthquake resistant is also included here.

The Demand Investigation and Suggestions of the Supply System of Preschool Education in Western Areas of China

Nowadays, preschool education has become the weak part of eduction. Thus, the supply system of preschool education has been heatedly discussed accordingly.This thesis makes some suggestions for the supply system innovation of preschool education in western areas, based on the sampling surveys in Yibin.