Investigation and Optimization of the Current Situation of Temporary Pedestrian Crossing in Nanchang City

A temporary pedestrian crossing has been set up for the first time in Nanchang City to facilitate the passage of residents,which has brought great convenience to surrounding residents and students.The author made an in-depth investigation on the temporary pedestrian crossing,analyzed its advantages and existing problems through field investigation,questionnaire survey,resident interview and other forms and put forward relevant suggestions by considering the current operation mode of the facilities,to provide reference for relevant departments to optimize the temporary pedestrian crossing and provide reliable and efficient solutions for other regions.

The Current Situation and Countermeasures of the Scientific Research Management

After the analysis and discussion of the problems existing in the funds management of scientific research projects in enterprises,further analysis and attribution has been made and the corresponding countermeasures and solutions are proposed.The management should be mainly from the improvement of relevant management systems,and the establishment of communication and collaboration mechanisms with the financial department.

Current Research Situations,Problems and Recommendations of Land Use Structure and Layout Optimization

Land is the foundation for human survival and development,and all human social and economic activities are inseparable from the land as a space carrier.With the continuous development of China's social economy,China is facing new social development needs such as urban-rural integration and rural revitalization.At the same time,China starts to attach great importance to ecology and has proposed the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.In this situation,the rational use of land resources,the optimization of land use structure and layout are also facing new challenges and problems,and more comprehensive consideration is required to make relevant optimization.Using the method of literature comparative analysis,from the conceptual connotation,basic theory,method model,and specific practice of land use structure and layout optimization,this paper analyzed and summarized the current research situations and problems,and finally came up with recommendations for the future research.

Research and Application of Hypobaric Storage Technology in Agriculture and Food Industry in China

In recent ten years in China,the application research of hypobaric storage was extended to the non-freeze preservation of cooked food,fresh-cut vegetables,edible fungi and fruits,preliminary processing of growing area and vacuum cold fresh chain to the cold chain breakage for horticultural products,and also to the investigation of principle and theory but the investigation results would have some evident difference. This paper will simply summarize the basic conception,principle,two withdrawing air type hypobaric storage technologies,and introduce many examples as mentioned above extending in China. This paper thinks that the master mechanism of preservation of LP for fresh horticultural products effectively inhibits the activity change of manifold enzymes,which are PAL,POD,PPO,CAT,CAD,SOD et al.,affecting the maturation and caducity of fresh horticultural products during LP storage for a short period,as a result,to reduce both risk of physiology obstacle and disease and to prolong their postharvest life; for the foreseeable future Burg's hypobaric storage technology and hypobaric short period treatment technology will play an important role in the preservation on fresh agricultural products and food preservation in storage and transportation,the preliminary processing of growing area,fresh logistics,establishing the operating platform of perishable food and high business value,fresh e-business,and fresh delivery for scattered families,establishing the operating platform of fresh-cut vegetables including edible fungi and so on in China or in the world.

Investigation on the Architectural Heritage Along Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway

Based on the investigation of the whole line of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway,the current situation of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was recorded and analyzed by means of historical data collection,literature research,interview records,field survey,camera mapping,aerial photography,3D modeling and so forth.By combing the construction process and basic composition of this railway line,and sorting out the historical data of the existing railway heritage components and the current protection and utilization and through the analysis of current situation,the main contradiction and main problems existing in the protection of this railway line were pointed out.The author believes that the main contradiction in the protection of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway is the contradiction between the importance of Beijing Zhangjiakou Railway as the heritage of China’s railway and the weakness of the excavation of its heritage value and protection of it.In view of the main contradiction and the problems raised,the reasons were analyzed and the corresponding solutions and protection suggestions were given.

Advances in Researches of Functional Rice

Functional rice has functions of adjusting human physiological functions of and preventing diseases. At present,there are researches both at home and abroad about the relationship between nutritional quality and physiological active substances of rice and human physiological activities. Through conventional breeding,gene mutation technology,and molecular-assisted selection( MAS) technology,it is feasible to select and breed new rice varieties and plants with certain health care functions.

基于Web of Science土壤酸杆菌研究态势分析

为了探究土壤酸杆菌研究的热点与趋势,基于Web of Science数据库,采用文献计量学方法,对世界上研究最前沿的20个研究机构、研究作者、学术期刊、学科和国家进行了文献计量学统计,进而了解土壤酸杆菌研究概况和动态。结果显示:2007—2017年土壤酸杆菌研究论文数量共1289篇;文献产出量逐年增加,2016年文献数量最高;中国、美国、德国、巴西、西班牙文献数量居世界前5位,中国文献数量最多,为423篇;中国科学院、俄罗斯科学院、南京农业大学、圣保罗大学、中国科学院大学酸杆菌文献较多;最有学术影响力的核心作者来自中国,主要核心期刊是《Microbial Ecology》、《Plos One》、《FEMS Microbial Ecology》、《Applied and Environmental Microbiology》、《Frontiers in Microbiology》;主要学科是微生物、环境生态学、生物技术与应用微生物、农学、理学相关学科。综合来看,美国、德国以及中国在土壤酸杆菌研究领域处于优势地位;研究热点是微生物学和微生物生态学。

General Survey of Soil Seed Bank in China

Soil seed bank refers to the sum of upper litter decay and all survival seeds in the soil. It plays a unique role in restoring the surface vegetation and protecting biodiversity. Chinese scholars have carried out extensive researches on the soil seed bank,and have obtained considerable achievements. On the basis of reading extensive literature,this paper summarized the current research results and found that the research contents of soil seed bank in China mainly involve the following aspects:( i) research method of soil seed bank;( ii) classification system of soil seed bank;( iii) spatial pattern of soil seed bank;( iv) relationship between soil seed bank and surface vegetation;( v) dynamic characteristic and seedling replanting of soil seed bank;( vi) application of soil seed bank in vegetation restoration. On the basis of the above summary,it came up with existing problems and future research direction of China's soil seed bank from system construction,field observation,disciplinary combination,interference factors,and community succession.

某院青年人才队伍职业发展现状分析与对策研究

目的全面了解医院青年人才队伍现状和青年人才职业发展需求,进一步加强青年人才队伍建设。方法以问卷调查方式对201名青年人才进行全面调研,明确医院在青年人才队伍培养中存在的问题以及青年人才职业发展困惑和需求。结果医院在青年人才队伍培养方面存在培养体系不健全、高层次青年人才总量不足、培养方式不够多元化等3个问题。结论医院将从加强政治引领和政策宣传、优化分层分类培养机制、搭建多元化成长平台、加强人文关怀等4个方面加强青年人才队伍建设。

图书馆数据素养服务:基础、内涵与现状探究

数据素养服务是大数据时代对信息素养服务的延伸和细化,是对用户的数据意识、数据能力、数据利用等方面提出的更高要求。利用文献调研法系统综述了图书馆数据素养服务的相关研究,形成如下结论:在基础研究上,分为服务模式和服务行为研究,从中挖掘出服务对象精准化、能力培育多元化、能力指标体系化三点内涵,再归纳出数据素养教育、数据管理服务、数据素养服务平台三方面的服务现状研究。为数据素养服务研究提供框架和思路,推动图书馆科学数据管理与服务深入发展。

我国医疗机构输血科开展输血治疗的现状调查报告

目的本调查研究旨在了解国内医疗机构输血科开展输血治疗的现状,探讨输血科开展输血治疗的发展方向。方法通过线上问卷调研法面向全国医疗机构输血科人员发放自行设计的调查问卷,对输血科开展输血治疗的情况进行调查分析。结果本次调查最终回收有效问卷482份,其中325份问卷的医疗机构输血科已经开展了输血治疗的业务,占比68.0%。开展输血治疗5年以上的输血科有186家(57.2%)。开展输血治疗的项目种类共计24种,其中开展单位数量较多的前三位治疗项目是自体全血采集(223,68.6%)、自体富血小板血浆采集(180,55.4%)和离心式血浆置换(125,38.5%)。50.5%的医疗机构输血科年均治疗量少于50人次,7.1%的医疗机构输血科年均治疗量超过1000人次。从事输血治疗的人员包括医师、技师和护士,其中医技组合占比最高为34.2%,医护组合占比仅为7.7%。参与调查的人员中认为输血科开展治疗最大的阻力和障碍是其他临床科室已开展相关治疗项目。结论目前各级医疗机构输血科在积极拓展输血治疗业务,但整体上还处在探索阶段,距形成标准化、规范化、规模化的输血治疗体系仍有较大差距。

国内部分三级公立医院互联网诊疗服务现状调研及分析

为了解目前国内医院互联网诊疗服务的现状,采用问卷调研与现场访谈法,对国内部分具备互联网诊疗服务的三级医疗机构互联网诊疗服务内容建设现状的相关内容进行调研。根据调研结果从互联网医院服务范围、管理制度、保障措施等方面进行分析总结,并提出相关建议。

公立医院医务人员职业倦怠现状及危险因素分析

目的:分析公立医院医务人员职业倦怠现状及危险因素。方法:选取2018年6月—2021年6月德阳地区市属公立医院的100名医务人员作为研究对象,统计一般资料及职业倦怠评分,分析公立医院医务人员职业倦怠现状及危险因素。结果:100名医务人员中,无职业倦怠18.0%(18/100),轻度职业倦怠36.0%(36/100),中度职业倦怠26.0%(26/100),重度职业倦怠20.0%(20/100)。年龄、工作年限、婚姻状况、职业及日工作时间是医务人员职业倦怠的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年龄21~40岁、工作年限≥10年、未婚、护士职业、日工作时间>8 h是医务人员职业倦怠的危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:针对医务人员职业倦怠的危险因素,医院管理者应加以重视,采取相应干预措施,改善医务人员的职业倦怠情况。

国内儿童言语语言障碍治疗现状调查

目的调查分析国内儿童言语语言障碍治疗现状。方法2022年11月至2023年5月,以国内从事儿童言语治疗工作从业人员为调查对象,通过网络问卷的方式,调查国内言语语言障碍儿童的言语治疗内容及形式。结果共回收有效调查问卷679份。参与调查的儿童言语治疗从业人员中康复治疗师占64.06%。接受干预的言语语言障碍儿童中语言发育迟缓、脑性瘫痪所致的运动性构音障碍及发音障碍(机能性)占比较高,分别为22.20%、14.80%及13.60%。儿童言语治疗的主要问题为缺少判定儿童语言障碍的全国统一标准化评估工具,缺乏系统性规范性的治疗方法,分别占12.30%和12.20%。结论语言发育迟缓是国内儿童言语语言障碍的主要类型。我国儿童言语治疗存在区域发展不均衡、专科康复医生不足、缺乏标准化的评估工具及规范化的治疗方法等问题。

实习护生职业召唤现状及其影响因素分析

目的对实习护生职业召唤得分进行现状调查,分析其相关性并探讨影响因素。方法选取2022年5月至2023年4月在昆明市中医医院实习的324名护生为研究对象,采用问卷调查及量表(职业召唤量表、职业生涯规划量表、自我效能感量表)评估的方法统计职业召唤得分现状并分析其危险因素。结果324名实习护生年龄19~29岁,平均(21.32±2.45)岁;男生33名,占10.19%,女生291名,占89.81%。量表评估结果显示:职业召唤得分(39.57±6.38)分、职业生涯规划得分(72.67±11.35)分、自我效能感得分(2.02±0.66)分。Pearson相关分析结果显示:职业召唤得分与职业生涯规划得分间呈正相关关系,相关系数r=0.466,P=0.003,与自我效能感得分间也呈正相关关系,相关系数r=0.267,P=0.024;职业生涯规划得分与自我效能感得分间呈正相关关系,相关系数r=0.311,P=0.015。单因素分析结果显示:既往有实习/工作经历、学历、职业生涯规划得分及自我效能感得分是实习护生职业召唤得分的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论实习护生职业召唤处于中等水平,有待进一步提高。既往有实习/工作经历、学历、职业生涯规划得分及自我效能感得分是影响实习护生职业召唤得分的因素。临床带教老师应根据实习护生职业召唤的影响因素制定合理的干预方案,以提高实习护生职业召唤水平,促进护理事业的发展。

某三级公立医院耳鼻喉科病案首页填写质量分析

目的:探讨某三级公立医院耳鼻喉科病案首页填写质量现况及其影响因素。方法:选取2018年1月至2022年12月某院耳鼻喉科1000份病案资料,评估病案质量,以病案质量是否合格分组,其中856份合格病历,纳入对照组;144份不合格病历,纳入观察组。比较两组临床资料,如性别、年龄、学历、职称、患者住院时间,采用Logistic回归分析病案质量影响因素。结果:本研究1000份病案资料,优级病案为856份,良57份,中42份,低31份,劣14份,缺陷率为14.4%(144/1000)。观察组年龄>50岁、副主任医师比例低于对照组,患者住院时间比例>10 d高于对照组(P<0.05)。年龄、职称、患者住院时间是病案质量的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:医院病案填写质量仍有待提高,受年龄、职称、患者住院时间等影响。

四川省高校有组织科研的组织模式探讨——以“双一流”高校为例

四川省作为中国西部的重要教育和科技中心,在推进有组织科研方面进行了大量的探索和实践,取得了显著进展,但也面临团队管理复杂性、多方协同创新协调难题与科研管理生态优化困境等挑战。为了进一步提升科研效率和成果转化率,应探索更加高效的科研团队管理模式,深化产学研协同创新机制,完善科研管理与评价体系,强化人才培养与激励机制。通过在上述方面的持续研究和实践,全面优化四川省高校有组织科研模式,推动四川省高校为国家的科技创新和高质量发展做出更大贡献。

粤港澳大湾区背景下高职学生创业能力现状及提升策略——基于心理资本视角

以广东10所高职院校1000名毕业生为研究对象,探索其创业能力的差异。结果显示:不同性别、专业类型高职学生的创业能力及各维度差异显著;不同家庭所在地、不同实习时长高职学生的社会应对能力差异显著。建议结合湾区建设及专业特色,建立分层分类教育体系;结合高职院校特征,创新协同育人机制;有机融入心理资本,完善创业支持体系;结合性别特征,实施差异化培养;保证实习时长,提升创业育人质量;增强家长认可度,使其成为坚强后盾。

基于健康中国建设理念的体育下乡路径优化现状研究

研究目的:为加快健康中国建设,不断提升农民体质健康,体育下乡路径优化显得尤为重要。研究方法:采用问卷调查法、文献资料法、实地调查法、逻辑分析法、数理统计法等方法,对52个不同地域的行政村的264名农民进行了调研。研究结果:健康中国建设理念下的农民体质健康有其特点。农村的体育路径等运动场地设施日益增多,农村体质测试室(站)以及农村体质测试员、健身指导员、农民体质健康监测数据及大数据系统的建设与利用等软件资源较为稀缺。农村开展的体育健身活动以及上级部门实施的体育下乡活动效果不尽如人意,束缚了健康中国建设理念下的体育下乡路径优化的正常开展和有效实施。

基于文献计量学的碳酸岩研究现状与趋势分析

碳酸岩是一类特殊的富含碳酸盐矿物的岩浆岩,具有重要的经济意义和科学研究价值。对来自WebofScience(WOS)核心数据库和中国知网(CNKI)中文期刊数据库的与碳酸岩研究相关的数千篇中英文文献,利用Python编程、VOSviewer和CiteSpace软件进行了大数据和可视化分析,从文献计量学角度对中英文碳酸岩相关研究的文献进行了发文量、来源国家、来源期刊、基金来源、发文机构和作者情况的统计与分析,并重点基于文献关键词对碳酸岩的研究现状及未来发展趋势进行了挖掘与探讨。通过关键词共现分析和聚类分析将现阶段碳酸岩研究划分为4个重点领域:岩石成因与构造背景、岩浆源区与岩浆演化、成矿作用及相关矿床、相关的高温高压实验。通过关键词的趋势演变分析认为,这4个传统碳酸岩研究领域在未来将会持续受到较高的关注。其中,稀土矿床及其成矿作用始终是碳酸岩研究领域的重点,对稀土元素的富集分异机制的探讨将会更加深入;与碳酸岩相关的其他关键金属(如铌)矿产将会得到更多的关注;实验技术和设备的进步将会推动与碳酸岩相关的高温高压实验实现更多的突破。此外,碳酸岩成因与地球深部碳循环的关系已经成为当下研究的热点;白云鄂博巨型FeNb-REE矿床无论在过去还是在将来都将是国内外学者研究的焦点;坦桑尼亚OldoinyoLengai的相关研究文献在2015年之后有所减少,但其受关注程度不会显著降低。在国内,以华阳川碳酸岩型铀矿床和黄龙铺碳酸岩型钼矿床为代表的秦岭碳酸岩带,以及以新生代牦牛坪为代表的冕宁-德昌稀土成矿带将继续受到国内学者的青睐。碳酸岩研究正朝着深度和广度的方向发展,基于大数据和人工智能的碳酸岩研究将会迎来显著增长,并成为未来碳酸岩研究领域新的趋势和亮点。