This study investigates the role of default options in the relationship between trait anxiety,and decision-making styles and financial decisions.One hundred and ninety-four participants were divided into three groups ...This study investigates the role of default options in the relationship between trait anxiety,and decision-making styles and financial decisions.One hundred and ninety-four participants were divided into three groups and subjected to three different conditions.Under each experimental condition,they had to decide whether to accept or reject investment proposals.In the first group,they had been enrolled in investment plans by default(opt-out condition),in the second group,they had not been automatically enrolled in these plans(opt-in condition),and in the third group they had to choose whether to enroll or not(control condition).The results showed that the investment decisions of anxious,avoidant,rational and dependent individuals could be facilitated by default options.In conclusion,using default options as a“nudge”can support specific groups of people to improve their financial decisions.展开更多
According to the size of the projector function to evaluate the merits of the program, Projection Pursuit method is applied to real estate investment decision-making by using the real coding based on Accelerating Gene...According to the size of the projector function to evaluate the merits of the program, Projection Pursuit method is applied to real estate investment decision-making by using the real coding based on Accelerating Genetic Algorithm (RAGA) to optimize the Projection Pursuit Classification (PPC) process and a wide range of indicators value was projected linearly. The results are reasonable and verified with an example. At the same time, the subjective of the target weight can be avoided. It provides decision-makers with comprehensive information on all the indicators of new ideas and new展开更多
This research looked to improve the daylighting performance of a shading device as a window component.The paper describes the development of the decision-making framework(DMF)for the selection and design of shading de...This research looked to improve the daylighting performance of a shading device as a window component.The paper describes the development of the decision-making framework(DMF)for the selection and design of shading devices based on daylighting.The DMF presents the process of analysis of the shading devices’daylighting performance in the selection of existing shading devices and in the design of new shading devices.The research determined the shading device daylighting performance measures(such as illuminance and daylight autonomy)as well as the variables that influence daylight performance.Interactions among the variables and the effects of these interactions on the shading device daylighting performance were explained and quantified in the DMF.The DMF also included ways of present-ing the results of testing the shading devices and the process of making the decision.A case study for three blind systems was performed to determine if the DMF provides a concept for the analysis of the daylighting performance of shading devices and for making decisions about the design/selection of the shading device.Computer simulation was used to calculate the illuminance levels and the daylight autonomies(DAs)as a result of the application of these blinds.The values of the DAs are compared for three blind systems to select the most appropriate sys-tem to be applied on a proposed building.The DMF based on daylighting can help building designers to select the most suitable shading device based on its daylighting performance,and can help shading device manufacturers in designing new shading devices with improved daylighting performance.FIGURE 2.Simplified DMF diagram.展开更多
Design frequently involves making tradeoffs to obtain the“optimal”solution to a design problem,often using intuition or past experience as a guide.Since vegetated roofing is a relatively complex and comparatively ne...Design frequently involves making tradeoffs to obtain the“optimal”solution to a design problem,often using intuition or past experience as a guide.Since vegetated roofing is a relatively complex and comparatively new technology to many practitioners,a rational,explicit method to help organize and rank the tradeoffs made during the design process is needed.This research comprises the creation of a framework diagramming the decision process involved in the selection of vegetated roofi ng systems.Through literature review,case studies and interviews with experts,the available knowledge is captured and organized to determine the critical parameters affecting design decisions.Six important evaluative categories are identifi ed and parameters within these categories are addressed in the context of a decision support system for green roof designers.A summation of the total importance of the advantages represented by each alternative is used to determine the most feasible green roof system for a particular project.The framework is demonstrated and compared with green roof designers’decision-making processes and conclusions are drawn regarding its effectiveness.展开更多
Background:Individual decision-making largely influences the effectiveness of decisions and benefits of investments.Methods:In this article,a consensus model for group decision-making(GDM),based on the analytic hierar...Background:Individual decision-making largely influences the effectiveness of decisions and benefits of investments.Methods:In this article,a consensus model for group decision-making(GDM),based on the analytic hierarchy process(AHP),is developed to gather group ideas and analyze the real estate investment environment under multi-criteria problems.Twelve evaluation procedures of the developed model,which increase the convergence of the opinions of multiple experts,are proposed.Results:An empirical case about the real estate investment environment is applied to certify the feasibility of this developed model.Conclusions:the evaluation procedures have been fully observed with several rounds of discussions,and have manifested the experiences of experts.Besides,the evaluation results are in accordance with real-world situations,which demonstrates that our developed model is a feasible analysis tool for real estate investors to obtain better profits and lower risk.展开更多
Throughout the decision-making process, prudent investors must address questions regarding the probabilities of future profit gain. In this study, the probability-based discounted cash flow （DCF） method with net pre...Throughout the decision-making process, prudent investors must address questions regarding the probabilities of future profit gain. In this study, the probability-based discounted cash flow （DCF） method with net present value （NPV） as the indicator was adopted as an analysis tool. A probabilistic framework for measuring exceeding probability of annual rate of return on a commercial real estate investment under a specified holding period was developed. Based on the framework, the relation curves of annual rate of return versus the corresponding exceeding probability of return for available financing schemes were constructed. These curves were used as a tool to prioritize the schemes and inform decision-making. An example case is presented to demonstrate the decision-making process developed in this study. Through the proposed process, investors are given basic information on the return, probability that profit gain will occur, and feasibility of financial schemes for commercial real estate investments.展开更多
In order to analyze the planning of a transport linear infrastructure(railway or ordinary road),in order to optimize a relationship work-environment after-work,the study team(engineers,architects,economists,etc),reali...In order to analyze the planning of a transport linear infrastructure(railway or ordinary road),in order to optimize a relationship work-environment after-work,the study team(engineers,architects,economists,etc),realize a careful prearranged analysis about the characteristic of the site and the large area which are involved by the work project and,once one found all possible alternative solutions,he should compare them through the use of suitable technical,economical and environmental parameters,choosing that one which maximize the global utility of the public investment.In this paper we study a fuzzy-logic method in order to help the decision maker in the analysis of the programmed action public investment.展开更多
A group multiattribute decision-making model was proposed by implementing prospect theory,multi-attribute decision-making,group decision-making and entropy methods for the optimization in commercial space investment.F...A group multiattribute decision-making model was proposed by implementing prospect theory,multi-attribute decision-making,group decision-making and entropy methods for the optimization in commercial space investment.First,the decision-making function was decided using prospect theory by the preference of each expert to reach the comprehensive prospect value based on different investment options;second,expert decision weights were reached according to entropy method;third,the expert group decision-making information was congregated according to the group decision-making congregation algorithm to reach the most optimized investment option;finally,an example was given to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.This model com-prehensively takes the advantages of many methods to congregate experts'experiences and avoid the subjective influences,thus providing a scientific decision-making approach for the commercial space investment.展开更多
Everyone responds to their psychological emotions,which affects all aspects of their lives.Therefore,psychology is not an independent discipline;it can react chemically with many other disciplines,such as finance and ...Everyone responds to their psychological emotions,which affects all aspects of their lives.Therefore,psychology is not an independent discipline;it can react chemically with many other disciplines,such as finance and architecture.A person who is not careful and unconcerned about precision is more likely to fail a project.Investment decision-making always appears in people’s daily life and takes an important role.Through linking psychology to investment,people can learn a deep understanding on their investment decision.Human Misjudgment Psychology is a not widely taught discipline although it has great influence on the decision-making.As a result,the focus of this paper will be on the impact of Human Misjudgment Psychology on investment decisions.However,due to the limitation of time,only five biases from the Human Misjudgment Psychology will be covered,so further research and studies of the other biases will be looking forward to being finished.展开更多
Coordinated mission decision-making is one of the core steps to effectively exploit the capabilities of cooperative attack of multiple aircrafts. However, the situational assessment is an essential base to realize the...Coordinated mission decision-making is one of the core steps to effectively exploit the capabilities of cooperative attack of multiple aircrafts. However, the situational assessment is an essential base to realize the mission decision-making. Therefore, in this paper, we develop a mission decision-making method of multi-aircraft cooperatively attacking multi-target based on situational assessment. We have studied the situational assessment mathematical model based on the Dempster-Shafer(D-S) evidence theory and the mission decision-making mathematical model based on the game theory. The proposed mission decision-making method of antagonized airfight is validated by some simulation examples of a swarm of unmanned combat aerial vehicles(UCAVs)that carry out the mission of the suppressing of enemy air defenses(SEAD).展开更多
International investment has today replaced the role of trade and become an important means of organizing internationalized production and servicing the global market. However, compared with international trade and in...International investment has today replaced the role of trade and become an important means of organizing internationalized production and servicing the global market. However, compared with international trade and international finance, international investment lags behind in establishing an international coordination mechanism. The global trade and finance have had the WTO-based international trade system and the IMF-based international financial system respectively. But the global investment lacks comprehensive "rules of the game". Establishing a comprehensive multilateral framework on investment (MFI)展开更多
文摘This study investigates the role of default options in the relationship between trait anxiety,and decision-making styles and financial decisions.One hundred and ninety-four participants were divided into three groups and subjected to three different conditions.Under each experimental condition,they had to decide whether to accept or reject investment proposals.In the first group,they had been enrolled in investment plans by default(opt-out condition),in the second group,they had not been automatically enrolled in these plans(opt-in condition),and in the third group they had to choose whether to enroll or not(control condition).The results showed that the investment decisions of anxious,avoidant,rational and dependent individuals could be facilitated by default options.In conclusion,using default options as a“nudge”can support specific groups of people to improve their financial decisions.
文摘According to the size of the projector function to evaluate the merits of the program, Projection Pursuit method is applied to real estate investment decision-making by using the real coding based on Accelerating Genetic Algorithm (RAGA) to optimize the Projection Pursuit Classification (PPC) process and a wide range of indicators value was projected linearly. The results are reasonable and verified with an example. At the same time, the subjective of the target weight can be avoided. It provides decision-makers with comprehensive information on all the indicators of new ideas and new
文摘This research looked to improve the daylighting performance of a shading device as a window component.The paper describes the development of the decision-making framework(DMF)for the selection and design of shading devices based on daylighting.The DMF presents the process of analysis of the shading devices’daylighting performance in the selection of existing shading devices and in the design of new shading devices.The research determined the shading device daylighting performance measures(such as illuminance and daylight autonomy)as well as the variables that influence daylight performance.Interactions among the variables and the effects of these interactions on the shading device daylighting performance were explained and quantified in the DMF.The DMF also included ways of present-ing the results of testing the shading devices and the process of making the decision.A case study for three blind systems was performed to determine if the DMF provides a concept for the analysis of the daylighting performance of shading devices and for making decisions about the design/selection of the shading device.Computer simulation was used to calculate the illuminance levels and the daylight autonomies(DAs)as a result of the application of these blinds.The values of the DAs are compared for three blind systems to select the most appropriate sys-tem to be applied on a proposed building.The DMF based on daylighting can help building designers to select the most suitable shading device based on its daylighting performance,and can help shading device manufacturers in designing new shading devices with improved daylighting performance.FIGURE 2.Simplified DMF diagram.
文摘Design frequently involves making tradeoffs to obtain the“optimal”solution to a design problem,often using intuition or past experience as a guide.Since vegetated roofing is a relatively complex and comparatively new technology to many practitioners,a rational,explicit method to help organize and rank the tradeoffs made during the design process is needed.This research comprises the creation of a framework diagramming the decision process involved in the selection of vegetated roofi ng systems.Through literature review,case studies and interviews with experts,the available knowledge is captured and organized to determine the critical parameters affecting design decisions.Six important evaluative categories are identifi ed and parameters within these categories are addressed in the context of a decision support system for green roof designers.A summation of the total importance of the advantages represented by each alternative is used to determine the most feasible green roof system for a particular project.The framework is demonstrated and compared with green roof designers’decision-making processes and conclusions are drawn regarding its effectiveness.
基金2016 Soft Science Research Project of Jiangxi Province(#20161BBA10081)Scientific research start-up project(#2003414092)+2 种基金Science and technology project of Department of Education of Jiangxi Province(#GJJ150512)Major project of Education Science"Thirteen Five"Planning Project of Jiangxi Province(#16ZD019)Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(#71433001).
文摘Background:Individual decision-making largely influences the effectiveness of decisions and benefits of investments.Methods:In this article,a consensus model for group decision-making(GDM),based on the analytic hierarchy process(AHP),is developed to gather group ideas and analyze the real estate investment environment under multi-criteria problems.Twelve evaluation procedures of the developed model,which increase the convergence of the opinions of multiple experts,are proposed.Results:An empirical case about the real estate investment environment is applied to certify the feasibility of this developed model.Conclusions:the evaluation procedures have been fully observed with several rounds of discussions,and have manifested the experiences of experts.Besides,the evaluation results are in accordance with real-world situations,which demonstrates that our developed model is a feasible analysis tool for real estate investors to obtain better profits and lower risk.
文摘Throughout the decision-making process, prudent investors must address questions regarding the probabilities of future profit gain. In this study, the probability-based discounted cash flow （DCF） method with net present value （NPV） as the indicator was adopted as an analysis tool. A probabilistic framework for measuring exceeding probability of annual rate of return on a commercial real estate investment under a specified holding period was developed. Based on the framework, the relation curves of annual rate of return versus the corresponding exceeding probability of return for available financing schemes were constructed. These curves were used as a tool to prioritize the schemes and inform decision-making. An example case is presented to demonstrate the decision-making process developed in this study. Through the proposed process, investors are given basic information on the return, probability that profit gain will occur, and feasibility of financial schemes for commercial real estate investments.
文摘In order to analyze the planning of a transport linear infrastructure(railway or ordinary road),in order to optimize a relationship work-environment after-work,the study team(engineers,architects,economists,etc),realize a careful prearranged analysis about the characteristic of the site and the large area which are involved by the work project and,once one found all possible alternative solutions,he should compare them through the use of suitable technical,economical and environmental parameters,choosing that one which maximize the global utility of the public investment.In this paper we study a fuzzy-logic method in order to help the decision maker in the analysis of the programmed action public investment.
文摘A group multiattribute decision-making model was proposed by implementing prospect theory,multi-attribute decision-making,group decision-making and entropy methods for the optimization in commercial space investment.First,the decision-making function was decided using prospect theory by the preference of each expert to reach the comprehensive prospect value based on different investment options;second,expert decision weights were reached according to entropy method;third,the expert group decision-making information was congregated according to the group decision-making congregation algorithm to reach the most optimized investment option;finally,an example was given to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.This model com-prehensively takes the advantages of many methods to congregate experts'experiences and avoid the subjective influences,thus providing a scientific decision-making approach for the commercial space investment.
文摘Everyone responds to their psychological emotions,which affects all aspects of their lives.Therefore,psychology is not an independent discipline;it can react chemically with many other disciplines,such as finance and architecture.A person who is not careful and unconcerned about precision is more likely to fail a project.Investment decision-making always appears in people’s daily life and takes an important role.Through linking psychology to investment,people can learn a deep understanding on their investment decision.Human Misjudgment Psychology is a not widely taught discipline although it has great influence on the decision-making.As a result,the focus of this paper will be on the impact of Human Misjudgment Psychology on investment decisions.However,due to the limitation of time,only five biases from the Human Misjudgment Psychology will be covered,so further research and studies of the other biases will be looking forward to being finished.
基金supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (No. 05D01002)
文摘Coordinated mission decision-making is one of the core steps to effectively exploit the capabilities of cooperative attack of multiple aircrafts. However, the situational assessment is an essential base to realize the mission decision-making. Therefore, in this paper, we develop a mission decision-making method of multi-aircraft cooperatively attacking multi-target based on situational assessment. We have studied the situational assessment mathematical model based on the Dempster-Shafer(D-S) evidence theory and the mission decision-making mathematical model based on the game theory. The proposed mission decision-making method of antagonized airfight is validated by some simulation examples of a swarm of unmanned combat aerial vehicles(UCAVs)that carry out the mission of the suppressing of enemy air defenses(SEAD).
文摘International investment has today replaced the role of trade and become an important means of organizing internationalized production and servicing the global market. However, compared with international trade and international finance, international investment lags behind in establishing an international coordination mechanism. The global trade and finance have had the WTO-based international trade system and the IMF-based international financial system respectively. But the global investment lacks comprehensive "rules of the game". Establishing a comprehensive multilateral framework on investment (MFI)
