Traditional Chinese Medicine's Spleen Strengthening and Intestinal Microecology

The"spleen"in traditional Chinese medicine is the"acquired foundation"and the"source of qi and blood biochemistry".Strengthening the"spleen"is one of the important treat‐ment methods in traditional Chinese medicine;The gut microbiota has been a hot topic in modern scientific research in recent years,and its nutritional and immune functions correspond to some of the functions of the spleen in traditional Chinese medicine.In terms of philosophy,traditional Chinese medicine emphasizes the balance between the spleen and the gut microbiota,emphasizing the importance of supporting the right and eliminating evil,preventing diseases before they occur,seeking the root cause of treat‐ment,and adapting measures to the three causes;Clinically,the treatment of obesity,con‐stipation,diarrhea and other diseases by invigorating the spleen and the treatment mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion,chiropractic and invigorating the spleen are all related to microecology.This article combines relevant literature on traditional Chinese medicine's"spleen"and"spleen health"to explore the treatment concept,clinical application,and correlation with intestinal microbiota of traditional Chinese medicine's"spleen health".It also elaborates on the latest literature,aiming to exchange ideas with peers and promote research on the microbiota of traditional Chinese medicine's"spleen".

TCM Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Supplementing the Kidney and Invigorating the Blood Circulation

The therapeutic effects in treating the intermediate and late rheumatoid arthritis by supplementing the kidney and invigorating blood circulation were observed. In the 43 cases of the treatment group, No. 2 Qu Feng Shi Ling capsules (祛风湿灵胶囊2号) and Fenbid (芬必得) were prescribed, while in the 39 cases of the control group Lei Gong Teng Tablets (雷公藤总甙片) and Fenbid were given. The results showed that the total effective rate in the treatment group was more satisfactory than that in the control (P<0.05 or P<0.01). With less toxic effects, the former could better improve the local swelling and lower the blood viscosity.

Research progress on the mechanism of treating chronic kidney disease by invigorating the kidney and removing toxic

Chronic kidney disease is a general term for various types of renal diseases characterized by a long course of disease and difficulty in early detection.It is one of the social diseases that need to be solved urgently and its pathogenesis and treatment have always been a hotspot for researchers.Studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)can effectively delay the progress of chronic kidney disease.According to the clinical experience of national famous TCM physicians,based on its pathogenesis of"kidney deficiency as the foundation and poison as the target",chronic kidney disease can be treated by invigorating the kidney and removing toxic.Based on the above background,this paper summarizes the research progress of invigorating the kidney and removing toxic in delaying chronic kidney disease from multiple mechanisms and pathways in modern research.

Regulating and tonifying spleen and kidney traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of chronic uric acid nephropathy: A systematic review

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine for regulating spleen and kidney.Methods:We developed a search strategy and then retrieved the database including CNKI,Wanfang data knowledge service platform,VIP journals resource integration service platform,PubMed,Embasefor randomized controlled trial of regulating spleen and kidney traditional Chinese medicine compared with conventional western medicine in the treatment of chronic uric acid nephropathy.The search deadline was set to June 30,2020.For the included literature,we applied the cochrane collaboration network risk bias assessment tool to evaluate the methodological quality,and evaluated the level of evidence according to GRADE standards.Quantitative data was analyzed by RevMan5.3 software,and trial sequential analysis method was used to analyze its efficiency.Results:A total of 709 cases in 10 articles were included.Compared with the control group,the related traditional Chinese medicine group improved the effective rate[RR=1.45,95%CI(1.32,1.58)],reduced the level of UA[MD=-36.24,95%CI(-41.03,-31.45)],BUN[SMD=-1.27,95%CI(-1.47,-1.07)]and SCR[MD=-36.33,95%CI(-55.79,-16.87),P=0.0003],the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no evidence that a significant adverse reaction occurred.The results of TSA analysis showed that the Chinese medicine group had definite evidence for improving the efficiency.According to the GRADE evaluation criteria,the efficiency,UA,BUN and SCR outcome indicators were extremely low-quality evidence.Conclusions:Traditional Chinese medicine for regulating spleen and kidney in the treatment of chronic uric acid nephropathy improved efficiency,reduced the level of UA,BUN,SCR.Meanwhile,the therapy was proved to be safe.Nevertheless,the conclusions need further high-quality evidence to support.

Theoretical Discussion on Treatment of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Based on Theory of Liver,Spleen and Kidney

Cubital tunnel syndrome is a disease in which ulnar nerve is compressed by its surrounding tissues,and its main clinical manifestations are pain,sensory disturbance and dyskinesia.Its incidence rate is the second highest among peripheral nerve entrapment diseases,and it is one of the common clinical diseases.The theory of liver,spleen and kidney can guide the treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome with traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture.By discussing the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)pathogenesis and treatment principles of cubital tunnel syndrome,it provides modern medical theoretical support for TCM treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome.

Summary and Prospect of Treating Ulcerative Colitis by Warming the Kidney and Strengthening the Spleen

The method of warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen is widely used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) with significant curative effect.This paper reviews the relevant literature in recent years.

Regulative Effects of Auricular Acupuncture,Moxibustion and Chinese Herbs on Immunologic Function in the D-Galactose-induced Aging Mouse

Objective:To observe the regulative effect of auricular acupuncture, moxibustion and Chinese herbs on immunologic function in the D-galactose-induced aging mouse and to probe the feasibility and possible mechanisms for delaying aging, so as to provide experimental basis for acupuncture, moxibustion and Chinese herbs for delaying aging. Methods: Aging mouse model was established by subcutaneous injection of D-galactose, and treated by auricular acupuncture, auricular acupuncture plus moxibustion, and auricular acupuncture plus Chinese herbs respectively for 6 weeks and then serum interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-6 contents and splenic lymphocyte transformation rate were compared among the groups. Results: Compared with the young group, the serum IL-2 level and the splenic lymphocyte transformation rate significantly decreased and the IL-6 level significantly increased in the aging mouse. After treatment by auricular acupuncture, auricular acupuncture plus Chinese herbs, especially auricular acupuncture plus moxibustion, the serum IL-2 level and the splenic lymphocyte transformation rate significantly increased, and the IL-6 level significantly decreased as compared with the model group. Conclusions: Combined application of auricular acupuncture, moxibustion and Chinese herbs can improve the decline or dysfunction of immunological function in the aging organism to a certain extent.

Proteomics analysis of IBS-D with spleen and kidney yang deficiency

Objective:To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the development of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) with spleen and kidney yang deficiency (SKYD) using a proteomics approach.Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n =22) were divided into IBS-D (n =12) and normal control (n =10) groups.SKYD was then modeled in IBS-D rats by a combination of acetic acid enema,bondage,rectal dilation,tail stimulation,and Senna gavage.Colon tissue samples were subsequently collected and examined by Q Exactive mass spectrometry to identify differentially expressed proteins between the two groups.Results:The occurrence of SKYD/IBS-D was associated with ribosomal protein S23 (Rps23),protein phosphatase 2 catalytic subunit alpha (Pp2a),and growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2),which are involved in the ribosome,neurotrophin signaling,and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathways.Conclusion:These data suggest that SKYD/IBS-D pathophysiology likely involves inflammation,cell growth,apoptosis,stress granule formation,immune activation,loss of epithelial cell integrity,and visceral hypersensitivity.

The latest research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of early and middle femoral head necrosis

At present,the development of orthopedics,the conservative treatment of femoral head necrosis in the early and middle stages is still a difficult problem.With the progress of osteonecrosis,it may deteriorate into irreversible bone destruction,affecting the hip joint and even causing severe disability of the hip.In traditional medicine,femoral head necrosis belongs to the category of"bone erosion"and"bone erosion".As a common disease in orthopedics,the treatment difficulty is relatively large.In the view of Chinese medicine,the pathogenesis of femoral head necrosis is kidney deficiency,stagnation and so on.Clinically,most doctors use the principle of promoting blood circulation,tonifying kidney and strengthening spleen.In the early and middle femoral head necrosis,traditional Chinese medicine treatment methods are more diverse and economical,and have always been valued by the modern medical community.This study reviews the latest research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of early and mid-stage femoral head necrosis,in order to provide more basis for clinical medical research and related disease treatment.

Water metabolism from lung,spleen and kidney

Water and liquid are the material basis of human metabolism.Traditional Chinese medicine believes that water and liquid metabolism is a very complex process that requires the synergy of the internal organs,but mainly the physiological functions of the lungs,spleen and kidneys.If the function or structure of the spleen,lungs,kidneys,or triple-burner is abnormal,it is easy to cause abnormalities in the body's water metabolism,which in turn leads to the production of pathological products such as damp phlegm.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound:The evolving applications

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)is a major breakthrough for ultrasound imaging in recent years.By using a microbubble contrast agent and contrast-specific imaging software,CEUS is able to depict the microand macro-circulation of the targeted organ,which in turn leads to improved performance in diagnosis.Due to the special dual blood supply system in the liver,CEUS is particularly suitable for liver imaging.It is evident that CEUS facilitates improvement for characterization of focal liver lesions(FLLs),detection of liver malignancy,guidance for interventional procedures,and evaluation of treatment response after local therapies.CEUS has been demonstrated to be equal to contrast-enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging for the characterization of FLLs.In addition,the applicability of CEUS has expanded to non-liver structures such as gallbladder,bile duct,pancreas,kidney,spleen,breast,thyroid,and prostate.The usefulness of CEUS in these applications is confirmed by extensive literature production.Novel applications include detecting bleeding sites and hematomas in patients with abdominal trauma,guiding percutaneous injection therapy and therefore achieving the goal of using interventional ultrasonography in managing splenic trauma,assessing the activity of Crohn’s disease,and detecting suspected endoleaks after endovascular abdominal aneurysm repair.Contrast-enhanced intraoperative ultrasound(US)and intracavitary use of CEUS have been developed and clinically studied.The potential use of CEUS involves sentinel lymph node detection,drug or gene delivery,and molecular imaging.In conclusion,the advent of CEUS has greatly enhanced the usefulness of US and even changed the status of US in clinical practice.The application of CEUS in the clinic is continuously evolving and it is expected that its use will be expanded further in the future.

Ectopic Spleen Mimicking Kidney Activity Post-Nephrectomy

Ectopic spleen may simulate kidney activity on renal scintigraphic imaging. Accurate diagnosis requires correlation with the patient’s history and anatomic imaging studies. We report a case where the spleen migrated to the left renal fossa and mimicked the left kidney after a left nephrectomy.

Treatment for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with type 2 diabetes by traditional Chinese medicine:a case report and experience

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes are common comorbidities or target organ damage,which can lead to adverse metabolism and increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.In the management plan of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes,there is no drug with significant efficacy or both.The dialectical idea of traditional Chinese medicine has a good curative effect and significant advantages in treating metabolic disorders.The author now reviewed a case of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis combined with type 2 diabetes.In this case,the method of invigorating the spleen and eliminating turbidity was effective,which effectively prevented the progression of liver disease in the patient,and T2DM was alleviated by maintaining within the standard range after the use of insulin was stopped.It can be said that“killing two birds with one stone”,more fully reflects the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine in the integrated treatment of metabolic-related diseases.

健脾祛痰法治疗血脂异常研究概况

血脂异常在我国普遍存在,中医药干预血脂异常越来越得到人们的重视。中医学认为脾主运化水谷精微,脂质亦需要脾的运化功能布散周身。脾气虚则脾失健运,清气不升,浊阴独留,生湿生痰;痰湿进一步阻碍气机,影响脾胃运化,使脾虚更甚,加重脂浊,浸润血脉。近年来健脾祛痰法被越来越多地应用于血脂异常的防治中,且在临床中收到不错的疗效。

健脾养胃法对老年胃癌晚期患者肿瘤标志物水平、免疫功能及长期疗效影响研究

目的 探究健脾养胃法对老年胃癌晚期患者肿瘤标志物水平、免疫功能及长期疗效影响。方法 收集我院2019年6月—2022年6月肿瘤科收治的晚期胃癌患者95例,随机分为对照组(47例)与试验组(48例)。对照组予以FOLFOX4方案进行化疗,试验组在对照组的基础上予以健脾养胃法。两组均治疗9周,治疗结束后比较2组中医症状积分、血清肿瘤标志物、免疫功能指标、治疗期间胃肠道反应、远期生存率。结果 治疗后与对照组相比,试验组临床有效率较高(P<0.05)。治疗后与治疗前相比2组脘腹痞闷、胸胁胀痛、食欲缺乏、便溏及神疲乏力等中医症状积分降低;与对照组相比,试验组所有中医症状积分均较低(P<0.05)。治疗后与治疗前相比2组CEA、CA12-5、CA19-9及CA72-4降低;与对照组相比,试验组CEA、CA12-5、CA19-9及CA72-4较低(P<0.05)。治疗后与治疗前相比2组CD_(4)^(+)/CD_(8)^(+)、C_(3)^(+)升高,IgG、IgM降低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,试验组CD_(4)^(+)/CD_(8)^(+)、C_(3)^(+)较高,IgG、IgM较低(P<0.05)。2组6个月及1年生存率相比无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组3年内生存率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 健脾养胃法应用于老年胃癌晚期胃癌患者的治疗中近远期治疗效果显著,能提高免疫功能,下调肿瘤标志物水平,适宜临床应用。

陆氏健脾和胃针刺法治疗代谢综合征的随机对照研究

目的:观察陆氏健脾和胃针刺法治疗代谢综合征(MetS)的临床疗效。方法:选取2020年3月至2022年3月于上海市第七人民医院就诊的MetS患者90例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组45例。对照组采用健康宣教及常规药物治疗,观察组在此基础上加用陆氏健脾和胃针刺法。比较2组患者治疗前后体质量、腰围、体质量指数(BMI)、血脂、血糖、血压的变化。结果:意向性治疗(ITT)分析结果显示,2组患者各时间点体质量、腰围及BMI均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),且观察组各时间点体质量、腰围及BMI显著低于对照组(P<0.05);2组患者治疗后血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)明显上升(P<0.05),治疗后观察组TC、TG、HDL-C变化幅度较对照组更显著(P<0.05);2组患者治疗后空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)均比治疗前降低(P<0.05),治疗后观察组FPG、HbA1c及HOMA-IR值均比对照组降低明显(P<0.05)。2组患者治疗前后血压指标无明显变化(P>0.05),针刺期待值与临床疗效无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论:陆氏健脾和胃法针刺法能有效降低MetS患者的体质量、腰围、BMI,改善血脂、血糖水平,并且具有良好的远期疗效。

特禀质与儿童肺炎支原体肺炎相关性研究进展

特禀质是儿童肺炎支原体肺炎发病和出现重症的高危因素,而感染肺炎支原体后又可诱发或加重特禀质的临床症状,形成恶性循环。特禀质体质调节是打破该恶性循环,预防、治疗和改善儿童肺炎支原体肺炎预后的关键。特禀质的形成与肺、脾、肾、肝的功能息息相关,在四脏中,脾为关键脏腑,只有脾气旺盛,运化正常,后天之精才可不断充养先天之精,从而调整先天禀赋不足的体质。小儿脾常不足,易功能失常,如果一味壅补脾胃,则易导致脾困。运脾法补而不滞,符合小儿“脏腑柔弱”而又“脏气清灵”的特点,是治脾的关键。现代医学研究也发现,健脾和运脾可以改善特禀质的临床表现、减轻气道高反应性、减少气道分泌物,并阐释了可能的分子机制。因此,健脾和运脾是特禀质体质调节的重中之重,将健脾和运脾的中医理念引入到儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的防治当中,为防治难治性和重症儿童肺炎支原体肺炎及改善预后提供了临床新思路。

从燥湿互化病机探讨特应性皮炎的治疗

燥与湿是中医理论中的重要概念,既是六淫的组成,也可指证候表现。燥与湿为反映机体津液盛衰的两种状态,具有相伴而生、相互转化的特点。特应性皮炎为临床常见皮肤病,具有病程长、易复发等特点,其发病与燥邪和湿邪密切相关,病症表现以燥湿同病为特点。该文通过结合现代医家对特应性皮炎的认识及多年临证经验,提出燥湿互化是特应性皮炎的重要病机,治法可采用从燥论治兼以治湿,或从湿论治兼以治燥。健脾祛湿常用茯苓、白术、陈皮、苍术、淮山、太子参、党参等;滋阴润燥可选用沙参、生地黄、石斛、麦冬等。基于中医燥湿互化病机探讨特应性皮炎的治疗,可为其临证治疗提供参考。

朝医补脾泻肾解郁法治疗少阴人中风后郁病气郁证临床观察

目的观察口服朝药十二味宽中汤配合朝医舍岩针法治疗少阴人中风后郁病气郁证的临床效果。方法按照随机数字表法将63例患者以单盲的原则分为治疗组、对照组,对照组31例给予口服盐酸帕罗西汀治疗,治疗组32例给予十二味宽中汤口服结合朝医舍岩针法针刺治疗,疗程1个月。将两组治疗前后汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分进行对比分析。结果治疗后,两组HAMD评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组总有效率为90.63%(29/32),高于对照组的74.19%(23/31)(P<0.05)。结论朝医补脾泻肾解郁法治疗少阴人中风后郁病气郁证有明显的临床效果,可显著提高治疗总有效率。

Lysine deficiency impaired growth performance and immune response and aggravated inflammatory response of the skin,spleen and head kidney in grown-up grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

This dissertation was primarily focused on the immune response,inflammatory response and molecular mechanisms in the skin,head kidney and spleen of grown-up grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella).Six iso-nitrogen diets differing in lysine concentrations(5.6,8.5,11.6,14.4,17.5 and 20.7 g/kg)were fed to 540 grass carp(164.85±0.79 g)for 60 d.After that,grass carp were challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila for 6 d.This study revealed that lysine deficiency(1)suppressed the growth performa,nce of the fish and decreased their ability to resist skin lesion morbidity,(2)impaired the immune organ s immune response by decreasing the gene expressions of mucin,liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide(LEAP)-2B,β-defensin-1 and LEAP-2A and the production of antibacterial compounds of grown-up grass carp,and(3)aggravated the inflammatory response of immune organs in the fish by increasing the gene expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines(interferon y2[IFN-γ2],tumor necrosis factorα[TNF-α],interleukin[IL]-15,IL-17D,IL-12p40,IL-6 and IL-8)and down-regulating anti-inflammatory cytokines(IL-11,transforming growth factorβ1[TGF-β1],IL-10 and IL-4/13A),which were tightly correlated with signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT)1 and STAT3 signaling pathway,respectively.The different phenomenon in the skin,spleen and head kidney of fish may be correlated with the difference in gene subtype.In addition,using quadratic regression analysis of percent weight gain(PWG),skin lesion morbidity,and the lysozyme activities in the spleen and head kidney,the dietary lysine requirements for grown-up grass carp were estimated to be 13.58,13.51,14.56 and 14.18 g/kg,respectively.