Natural soil variability is a well-known issue in geotechnical design,although not frequently managed in practice.When subsoil must be characterized in terms of mechanical properties for infrastructure design,random f...Natural soil variability is a well-known issue in geotechnical design,although not frequently managed in practice.When subsoil must be characterized in terms of mechanical properties for infrastructure design,random finite element method(RFEM)can be effectively adopted for shallow foundation design to gain a twofold purpose:(1)understanding how much the bearing capacity is affected by the spatial variability structure of soils,and(2)optimisation of the foundation dimension(i.e.width B).The present study focuses on calculating the bearing capacity of shallow foundations by RFEM in terms of undrained and drained conditions.The spatial variability structure of soil is characterized by the autocorrelation function and the scale of fluctuation(δ).The latter has been derived by geostatistical tools such as the ordinary Kriging(OK)approach based on 182 cone penetration tests(CPTs)performed in the alluvial plain in Bologna Province,Italy.Results show that the increase of the B/δratio not only reduces the bearing capacity uncertainty but also increases its mean value under drained conditions.Conversely,under the undrained condition,the autocorrelation function strongly affects the mean values of bearing capacity.Therefore,the authors advise caution when selecting the autocorrelation function model for describing the soil spatial variability structure and point out that undrained conditions are more affected by soil variability compared to the drained ones.展开更多
By analyzing the courses of graphic design major, the author points out that it is necessary to put Chinese traditional culture into courses of graphic design, which can open up students＇ design ideas, optimize their...By analyzing the courses of graphic design major, the author points out that it is necessary to put Chinese traditional culture into courses of graphic design, which can open up students＇ design ideas, optimize their design styles and awareness, as well as improve their moral cultivation. The paper elaborates the influences and realistic significance of Chinese traditional culture on graphic design from perspectives of national cultural development, design communication and teaching application. It emphasizes the specific impacts and penetration of the traditional culture in the teaching of graphic design, including teaching content, teaching concepts, and basic teaching practices, etc. With multi- level elaboration, multi-angle exposition and multi-instance citation, it shows the methods to involve Chinese traditional culture in graphic design展开更多
文摘Natural soil variability is a well-known issue in geotechnical design,although not frequently managed in practice.When subsoil must be characterized in terms of mechanical properties for infrastructure design,random finite element method(RFEM)can be effectively adopted for shallow foundation design to gain a twofold purpose:(1)understanding how much the bearing capacity is affected by the spatial variability structure of soils,and(2)optimisation of the foundation dimension(i.e.width B).The present study focuses on calculating the bearing capacity of shallow foundations by RFEM in terms of undrained and drained conditions.The spatial variability structure of soil is characterized by the autocorrelation function and the scale of fluctuation(δ).The latter has been derived by geostatistical tools such as the ordinary Kriging(OK)approach based on 182 cone penetration tests(CPTs)performed in the alluvial plain in Bologna Province,Italy.Results show that the increase of the B/δratio not only reduces the bearing capacity uncertainty but also increases its mean value under drained conditions.Conversely,under the undrained condition,the autocorrelation function strongly affects the mean values of bearing capacity.Therefore,the authors advise caution when selecting the autocorrelation function model for describing the soil spatial variability structure and point out that undrained conditions are more affected by soil variability compared to the drained ones.
文摘By analyzing the courses of graphic design major, the author points out that it is necessary to put Chinese traditional culture into courses of graphic design, which can open up students＇ design ideas, optimize their design styles and awareness, as well as improve their moral cultivation. The paper elaborates the influences and realistic significance of Chinese traditional culture on graphic design from perspectives of national cultural development, design communication and teaching application. It emphasizes the specific impacts and penetration of the traditional culture in the teaching of graphic design, including teaching content, teaching concepts, and basic teaching practices, etc. With multi- level elaboration, multi-angle exposition and multi-instance citation, it shows the methods to involve Chinese traditional culture in graphic design
