In order to clarify the charging characteristics of suspension droplets in ion flow field under different temperatures and humidity,the effective charging factor used to characterize the charging characteristics of su...In order to clarify the charging characteristics of suspension droplets in ion flow field under different temperatures and humidity,the effective charging factor used to characterize the charging characteristics of suspension droplets is introduced in this paper,and a calculation method of charging factor is proposed based on the upstream finite element method(FEM).Then,the charging factor under different temperatures and humidity is calculated,and the analytic expression of the charging factor considering the influence of temperature and humidity is obtained by fitting the calculation results.The influence of suspension droplets on the ion flow field is analyzed.The results show that the charging factor is small and increases little with the relative humidity when the relative humidity is less than 60%,and the charging factor is large and increases rapidly with the relative humidity when the relative humidity is more than 60%.At the same relative humidity,the charging factor increases linearly with the temperature.The influence of charged suspension droplets on the ion flow field can be ignored when the relative humidity is less than 60%and must be considered under high temperature and humidity.The calculation method and analytic expression of the charging factor proposed in this paper can be used to model of ion flow field considering the influence of temperature and humidity and provide technical support for the construction of HVDC transmission lines across high temperature and humidity.展开更多
An upwind finite element(FE)based algorithm to calculate the ion flow field in the vicinity of multi-circuit DC transmission lines is described.The initial value estimation and boundary condition are optimized,so deta...An upwind finite element(FE)based algorithm to calculate the ion flow field in the vicinity of multi-circuit DC transmission lines is described.The initial value estimation and boundary condition are optimized,so details of the transmission lines such as bundle conductors and ground wires can be taken into account in the simulation model.Comparison between measured and computed ground level total electrical field and ion current density shows satisfactory agreement.The ion flow field of a ±500 kV HVDC project with bipolar lines on the same tower is simulated.The total electrical field and ion current density on ground level are compared among different line arrangements.展开更多
We report our recent work on mean-field potential effects on the elliptic flows of matters and antimatters in heavy ion collisions leading to the production of a baryon-rich matter.Within the framework of a multiphase...We report our recent work on mean-field potential effects on the elliptic flows of matters and antimatters in heavy ion collisions leading to the production of a baryon-rich matter.Within the framework of a multiphase transport(AMPT) model that includes both initial partonic and final hadronic interactions,we have found that including mean-field potentials in the hadronic phase leads to a splitting of the elliptic flows of particles and their antiparticles,providing thus a plausible explanation of the different elliptic flows between p and anti-p,K+and K-,and π+ and π- observed by the STAR Collaboration in the Beam Energy Scan(BES) program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider(RHIC).Using a partonic transport model based on the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio(NJL) model,we have also studied the effect of scalar and vector mean fields on the elliptic flows of quarks and antiquarks in these collisions.Converting quarks and antiquarks at hadronization to hadrons via the quark coalescence model,we have found that the elliptic flow differences between particles and antiparticles also depend on the strength of the quark vector coupling in baryon-rich quark-gluon plasma,providing thus the possibility of extracting information on the latter's properties from the BES program at RHIC.展开更多
The ion flow field on the ground is one of the significant parameters used to evaluate the electromagnetic environment of high voltage direct current(HVDC) power lines.HVDC lines may cross the greenhouses due to the...The ion flow field on the ground is one of the significant parameters used to evaluate the electromagnetic environment of high voltage direct current(HVDC) power lines.HVDC lines may cross the greenhouses due to the restricted transmission corridors.Under the condition of ion flow field,the dielectric films on the greenhouses will be charged,and the electric fields in the greenhouses may exceed the limit value.Field mills are widely used to measure the groundlevel direct current electric fields under the HVDC power lines.In this paper,the charge inversion method is applied to calculate the surface charges on the dielectric film according to the measured ground-level electric fields.The advantages of hiding the field mill probes in the ground are studied.The charge inversion algorithm is optimized in order to decrease the impact of measurement errors.Based on the experimental results,the surface charge distribution on a piece of quadrate dielectric film under a HVDC corona wire is studied.The enhanced effect of dielectric film on ground-level electric field is obviously weakened with the increase of film height.Compared with the total electric field strengths,the normal components of film-free electric fields at the corresponding film-placed positions have a higher effect on surface charge accumulation.展开更多
特高压直流(UHVDC)输电线路地面离子流场的大小是检验电磁环境是否超标的重要判据,对不同风速条件下的地面离子流场的分布进行了计算研究。针对离子流场的计算,提出一种改进迭代上流有限元方法,建立了考虑风速影响的离子流场模型。研究...特高压直流(UHVDC)输电线路地面离子流场的大小是检验电磁环境是否超标的重要判据,对不同风速条件下的地面离子流场的分布进行了计算研究。针对离子流场的计算,提出一种改进迭代上流有限元方法,建立了考虑风速影响的离子流场模型。研究了不同风速对±800 k V输电线路离子流场分布规律的影响。研究表明,地面最大合成场强和离子流密度随风速的增大而增加明显,且风速会使其发生一定偏移。考虑风速为8 m/s时,地面最大合成场强比无风增加了12.64 k V/m,且地面最大离子流密度是无风时的2.65倍。水平风速越大地面合成场强和离子流密度的分布曲线和峰值往背风向偏移越严重,空间其他较远处的合成场强和电荷密度变化不大,且空间合成场强与电荷密度的最大值主要分布于导线周围空间。展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52077074)。
文摘In order to clarify the charging characteristics of suspension droplets in ion flow field under different temperatures and humidity,the effective charging factor used to characterize the charging characteristics of suspension droplets is introduced in this paper,and a calculation method of charging factor is proposed based on the upstream finite element method(FEM).Then,the charging factor under different temperatures and humidity is calculated,and the analytic expression of the charging factor considering the influence of temperature and humidity is obtained by fitting the calculation results.The influence of suspension droplets on the ion flow field is analyzed.The results show that the charging factor is small and increases little with the relative humidity when the relative humidity is less than 60%,and the charging factor is large and increases rapidly with the relative humidity when the relative humidity is more than 60%.At the same relative humidity,the charging factor increases linearly with the temperature.The influence of charged suspension droplets on the ion flow field can be ignored when the relative humidity is less than 60%and must be considered under high temperature and humidity.The calculation method and analytic expression of the charging factor proposed in this paper can be used to model of ion flow field considering the influence of temperature and humidity and provide technical support for the construction of HVDC transmission lines across high temperature and humidity.
基金Project Supported by China11th Five-year National Key Technologies R&D Program(2006BAA02A20)
文摘An upwind finite element(FE)based algorithm to calculate the ion flow field in the vicinity of multi-circuit DC transmission lines is described.The initial value estimation and boundary condition are optimized,so details of the transmission lines such as bundle conductors and ground wires can be taken into account in the simulation model.Comparison between measured and computed ground level total electrical field and ion current density shows satisfactory agreement.The ion flow field of a ±500 kV HVDC project with bipolar lines on the same tower is simulated.The total electrical field and ion current density on ground level are compared among different line arrangements.
基金Supported by the U.S.National Science Foundation(Grant No.PHY-106857)the Welch Foundation(Grant No.A-1358)+4 种基金the NNSF of China(Grant Nos.11135011 and 11275125)Shanghai Rising-Star Program(Grant No.11QH1401100)"Shu Guang" project"Eastern Scholar" program of Shanghaithe ERC-StG(Grant QGPDyn No.259684)
文摘We report our recent work on mean-field potential effects on the elliptic flows of matters and antimatters in heavy ion collisions leading to the production of a baryon-rich matter.Within the framework of a multiphase transport(AMPT) model that includes both initial partonic and final hadronic interactions,we have found that including mean-field potentials in the hadronic phase leads to a splitting of the elliptic flows of particles and their antiparticles,providing thus a plausible explanation of the different elliptic flows between p and anti-p,K+and K-,and π+ and π- observed by the STAR Collaboration in the Beam Energy Scan(BES) program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider(RHIC).Using a partonic transport model based on the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio(NJL) model,we have also studied the effect of scalar and vector mean fields on the elliptic flows of quarks and antiquarks in these collisions.Converting quarks and antiquarks at hadronization to hadrons via the quark coalescence model,we have found that the elliptic flow differences between particles and antiparticles also depend on the strength of the quark vector coupling in baryon-rich quark-gluon plasma,providing thus the possibility of extracting information on the latter's properties from the BES program at RHIC.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2016YFB0900900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51577064)
文摘The ion flow field on the ground is one of the significant parameters used to evaluate the electromagnetic environment of high voltage direct current(HVDC) power lines.HVDC lines may cross the greenhouses due to the restricted transmission corridors.Under the condition of ion flow field,the dielectric films on the greenhouses will be charged,and the electric fields in the greenhouses may exceed the limit value.Field mills are widely used to measure the groundlevel direct current electric fields under the HVDC power lines.In this paper,the charge inversion method is applied to calculate the surface charges on the dielectric film according to the measured ground-level electric fields.The advantages of hiding the field mill probes in the ground are studied.The charge inversion algorithm is optimized in order to decrease the impact of measurement errors.Based on the experimental results,the surface charge distribution on a piece of quadrate dielectric film under a HVDC corona wire is studied.The enhanced effect of dielectric film on ground-level electric field is obviously weakened with the increase of film height.Compared with the total electric field strengths,the normal components of film-free electric fields at the corresponding film-placed positions have a higher effect on surface charge accumulation.
文摘特高压直流(UHVDC)输电线路地面离子流场的大小是检验电磁环境是否超标的重要判据,对不同风速条件下的地面离子流场的分布进行了计算研究。针对离子流场的计算,提出一种改进迭代上流有限元方法,建立了考虑风速影响的离子流场模型。研究了不同风速对±800 k V输电线路离子流场分布规律的影响。研究表明,地面最大合成场强和离子流密度随风速的增大而增加明显,且风速会使其发生一定偏移。考虑风速为8 m/s时,地面最大合成场强比无风增加了12.64 k V/m,且地面最大离子流密度是无风时的2.65倍。水平风速越大地面合成场强和离子流密度的分布曲线和峰值往背风向偏移越严重,空间其他较远处的合成场强和电荷密度变化不大,且空间合成场强与电荷密度的最大值主要分布于导线周围空间。