The relation between cell-edges or unit-cell volumes of isostructural compounds and theionic radii has wide applications in crystal chemistry. The authors have proved: (1) For a series of multiple isostructural compou...The relation between cell-edges or unit-cell volumes of isostructural compounds and theionic radii has wide applications in crystal chemistry. The authors have proved: (1) For a series of multiple isostructural compounds such as A_mB_n…X_p, when the anionand other cations are fixed, there exists the following relation between the unit-cell volume Vand the radius r_A of a certain cation such as A: V = (a + br_A)(r_X + r_A)~3 (a and b are constants). (2) For binary isostructural compounds A_mX_p, the above relation is reduced to V = k(r_X + r_A)~3 (k is a constant). (3) For binary isostructural compounds the relation between V and r_A^3 is approximatelylinear, and for multiple compounds, it is often curvilinear but still approximately linear whenthe variation of r_A is slight. As another approximation, a linear relation also exists betweenV and r_A for isostructural compounds. (4) The relation of ce1l-edge a vs. r_A is linear for binary isostructural compounds. Butno such a good linear relation exists for multiple isostructural compounds.展开更多
Accumulation trend of fluoride ion was carried out in 25 fish species, collected randomly from fresh water and marine water, Sindh, Pakistan to ensure the level of chloride contents by Selective Ion Electrode （SIE） ...Accumulation trend of fluoride ion was carried out in 25 fish species, collected randomly from fresh water and marine water, Sindh, Pakistan to ensure the level of chloride contents by Selective Ion Electrode （SIE） method. Results showed an inverse relation in between chloride and fluoride concentration in muscles of fish under investigation, It was observed that chloride ions contents of marine water fish were significantly higher as compared with fresh water fish. This may be related with the habitat of marine water fish while no appreciable divergence in fluoride concentration in both regions was observed. This indicated that the deliberation of fluoride is the phenomena of nature of fish and self-determining. Highest concentration of fluoride ion in fresh water fish and marine water fish showed an inverse level of chloride ion in it, reflects water body conditions of both resources. A probable mechanism of accumulation of fluoride with respect to essential chloride ion which may be related with the size of ionic radii of both halides ion is described in relevant section of this article. Where a larger ionic radii of chloride ion believed to play an imperative role in reducing fluoridation in fishes. This may be regarded as natural chemical technology for reducing fluoride in muscle （edible part） of fish of both regions.展开更多
Carbon forms a variety of compounds with single, double, triple and the intermediate resonance bonds with atoms of its own or other kinds. This paper is concerned with graphite, a very useful material, which is a stac...Carbon forms a variety of compounds with single, double, triple and the intermediate resonance bonds with atoms of its own or other kinds. This paper is concerned with graphite, a very useful material, which is a stack of electrically conducting graphene layers held together by weak van der Waals (vdW) bonds. It crystallizes in hexagonal and rhombohedral forms, in which the hexagon inter-planar bond distance is 0.34 nm. Here a new and simple approach accounts for this bond length and shows the coulombic nature of the vdW bond.展开更多
REFERENCES [1, 2] prove that ionic radii will increase or decrease with temperature rising orlowering. If the ionic radii at room temperature are known, many phenomena of the ioniccompounds occurring at room temperatu...REFERENCES [1, 2] prove that ionic radii will increase or decrease with temperature rising orlowering. If the ionic radii at room temperature are known, many phenomena of the ioniccompounds occurring at room temperature can be explained. Also if the ionic radii at high tem-perature are known, many phenomena of the ionic compounds occurring at high temperaturecan also be explained. Therefore, to calculate the effective radii of ions at high temperature isconsidered of great significance. For example, the 'investigation of KIO<sub>3</sub>-CsIO<sub>3</sub>展开更多
The atomic size of each element, described by the ionic radius, is one category of "material genes" and can facilitate our understanding of atomic arrangements in compounds. Most of the ionic radii currently...The atomic size of each element, described by the ionic radius, is one category of "material genes" and can facilitate our understanding of atomic arrangements in compounds. Most of the ionic radii currently used to measure the sizes of cations and anions in ionic crystals are derived from hard-sphere model based on the coordination numbers, or the soft-sphere model incorporating the effect of ionic polarization. Herein we take a first step towards a novel "effective atomic size"(EAS) model,which takes into consideration the impact of the types and number of neighboring atoms on the relationship between ionic radii and interatomic distances. Taking the binary compounds between Group IA/IIA and VIA/VIIA elements gathered from the latest databases as an example, we show that the proposed EAS model can yield excellent agreement between the predicted and the DFT-calculated interatomic distances, with deviation of less than 0.1 ?. A set of EAS radii for ionic crystals has been compiled and the role of coordination numbers, geometric symmetry and distortion of structural units has been examined. Thanks to its superior predictability, the EAS model can serve as a foundation to analyze the structure of newly-discovered compounds and to accelerate materials screening processes in the future works.展开更多
The cerium （Ce3＋） doped yttrium aluminium borate （YAB） phosphor was synthesized by modified solid state reaction. The phosphor＇s phase purity and its emission properties were studied using powder X-ray diffracti...The cerium （Ce3＋） doped yttrium aluminium borate （YAB） phosphor was synthesized by modified solid state reaction. The phosphor＇s phase purity and its emission properties were studied using powder X-ray diffraction pattern and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The synthesized YAB had rhomobohedral crystal structure. The phosphor had two different excitation and emission spectra. By 325 nm excitation, the phosphor had emission at 373 nm and with 363 nm excitation; the phosphor gave violet-blue emission at 418 nm. The UV emission of the phosphor originated due to Ce3＋ ions at the yttrium site and violet-blue emission owing to Ce3＋ ions at non-regular sites viz., A13＋ and interstitial sites. The emission intensity of the phosphor was enhanced when monovalent ions （K＋, Na＋, and F） were added as co-dopants. The crucial role of ionic radii of monovalent co-dopants on the emission enhancement of the YAB：Ce3＋ phosphor was reported. Thermogravimetric study showed that the YAB possessed high thermal stability at up to 900 ℃.展开更多
文摘The relation between cell-edges or unit-cell volumes of isostructural compounds and theionic radii has wide applications in crystal chemistry. The authors have proved: (1) For a series of multiple isostructural compounds such as A_mB_n…X_p, when the anionand other cations are fixed, there exists the following relation between the unit-cell volume Vand the radius r_A of a certain cation such as A: V = (a + br_A)(r_X + r_A)~3 (a and b are constants). (2) For binary isostructural compounds A_mX_p, the above relation is reduced to V = k(r_X + r_A)~3 (k is a constant). (3) For binary isostructural compounds the relation between V and r_A^3 is approximatelylinear, and for multiple compounds, it is often curvilinear but still approximately linear whenthe variation of r_A is slight. As another approximation, a linear relation also exists betweenV and r_A for isostructural compounds. (4) The relation of ce1l-edge a vs. r_A is linear for binary isostructural compounds. Butno such a good linear relation exists for multiple isostructural compounds.
文摘Accumulation trend of fluoride ion was carried out in 25 fish species, collected randomly from fresh water and marine water, Sindh, Pakistan to ensure the level of chloride contents by Selective Ion Electrode （SIE） method. Results showed an inverse relation in between chloride and fluoride concentration in muscles of fish under investigation, It was observed that chloride ions contents of marine water fish were significantly higher as compared with fresh water fish. This may be related with the habitat of marine water fish while no appreciable divergence in fluoride concentration in both regions was observed. This indicated that the deliberation of fluoride is the phenomena of nature of fish and self-determining. Highest concentration of fluoride ion in fresh water fish and marine water fish showed an inverse level of chloride ion in it, reflects water body conditions of both resources. A probable mechanism of accumulation of fluoride with respect to essential chloride ion which may be related with the size of ionic radii of both halides ion is described in relevant section of this article. Where a larger ionic radii of chloride ion believed to play an imperative role in reducing fluoridation in fishes. This may be regarded as natural chemical technology for reducing fluoride in muscle （edible part） of fish of both regions.
文摘Carbon forms a variety of compounds with single, double, triple and the intermediate resonance bonds with atoms of its own or other kinds. This paper is concerned with graphite, a very useful material, which is a stack of electrically conducting graphene layers held together by weak van der Waals (vdW) bonds. It crystallizes in hexagonal and rhombohedral forms, in which the hexagon inter-planar bond distance is 0.34 nm. Here a new and simple approach accounts for this bond length and shows the coulombic nature of the vdW bond.
文摘REFERENCES [1, 2] prove that ionic radii will increase or decrease with temperature rising orlowering. If the ionic radii at room temperature are known, many phenomena of the ioniccompounds occurring at room temperature can be explained. Also if the ionic radii at high tem-perature are known, many phenomena of the ionic compounds occurring at high temperaturecan also be explained. Therefore, to calculate the effective radii of ions at high temperature isconsidered of great significance. For example, the 'investigation of KIO<sub>3</sub>-CsIO<sub>3</sub>
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFB0700600)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Research(Grant No.ZDSYS201707281026184)the Guangdong Key-Lab Project(Grant No.2017B0303010130)
文摘The atomic size of each element, described by the ionic radius, is one category of "material genes" and can facilitate our understanding of atomic arrangements in compounds. Most of the ionic radii currently used to measure the sizes of cations and anions in ionic crystals are derived from hard-sphere model based on the coordination numbers, or the soft-sphere model incorporating the effect of ionic polarization. Herein we take a first step towards a novel "effective atomic size"(EAS) model,which takes into consideration the impact of the types and number of neighboring atoms on the relationship between ionic radii and interatomic distances. Taking the binary compounds between Group IA/IIA and VIA/VIIA elements gathered from the latest databases as an example, we show that the proposed EAS model can yield excellent agreement between the predicted and the DFT-calculated interatomic distances, with deviation of less than 0.1 ?. A set of EAS radii for ionic crystals has been compiled and the role of coordination numbers, geometric symmetry and distortion of structural units has been examined. Thanks to its superior predictability, the EAS model can serve as a foundation to analyze the structure of newly-discovered compounds and to accelerate materials screening processes in the future works.
文摘The cerium （Ce3＋） doped yttrium aluminium borate （YAB） phosphor was synthesized by modified solid state reaction. The phosphor＇s phase purity and its emission properties were studied using powder X-ray diffraction pattern and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The synthesized YAB had rhomobohedral crystal structure. The phosphor had two different excitation and emission spectra. By 325 nm excitation, the phosphor had emission at 373 nm and with 363 nm excitation; the phosphor gave violet-blue emission at 418 nm. The UV emission of the phosphor originated due to Ce3＋ ions at the yttrium site and violet-blue emission owing to Ce3＋ ions at non-regular sites viz., A13＋ and interstitial sites. The emission intensity of the phosphor was enhanced when monovalent ions （K＋, Na＋, and F） were added as co-dopants. The crucial role of ionic radii of monovalent co-dopants on the emission enhancement of the YAB：Ce3＋ phosphor was reported. Thermogravimetric study showed that the YAB possessed high thermal stability at up to 900 ℃.
