Lubricant is harmful to the mechanical properties of the sintered materials. Die wall lubrication was applied on warm compaction powder metallurgy in the hope of reducing the concentration level of the admixed lubrica...Lubricant is harmful to the mechanical properties of the sintered materials. Die wall lubrication was applied on warm compaction powder metallurgy in the hope of reducing the concentration level of the admixed lubricant. Iron based samples were prepared by die wall lubricated warm compaction at 175 ℃, using a compacting pressure of 550 MPa. Emulsified polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) was used as die wall lubricant. Admixed lubricant concentration ranging from 0 to 0.5% was tested. Extremely low admixed lubricant contents were used. Results show that in addition to the decrease in ejection forces, the green density of the compacts increases with the decrease of admixed lubricant content until it reaches the maximum at 0.06% of lubricant content, then decreases with the decrease of admixed lubricant content. The mechanical properties of the sintered compacts that contain more than 0.06% admixed lubricant are better than those of the samples that contain lesser lubricant. No scoring was observed in all die wall lubricated experiments.展开更多
The objective of this study is to improve the mechanical properties and machining performance of high thermal conductivity and low expansion silicon carbide dispersion-strengthened hypereutectic aluminum-silicon elect...The objective of this study is to improve the mechanical properties and machining performance of high thermal conductivity and low expansion silicon carbide dispersion-strengthened hypereutectic aluminum-silicon electronic packaging materials to meet the needs of aviation,aerospace,and electronic packaging fields.We used the powder metallurgy method and high-temperature hot pressing technology to prepare SiC/Al-Si composite materials with different SiC contents(5vol%,10vol%,15vol%,and 20vol%).The results showed that as the SiC content increased,the tensile strength of the composite material first increased and then decreased.The tensile strength was the highest when the SiC content was 15%;the sintering temperature significantly affected the composite material’s structural density and mechanical properties.Findings indicated 700℃was the optimal sintering and the optimal SiC content of SiC/Al-Si composite materials was between 10%and 15%.Besides,the sintering temperature should be strictly controlled to improve the material’s structural density and mechanical properties.展开更多
Aluminum/steel electric transition joints (ETJs) are used in aluminum reduction cell for the purpose of welding aluminum rod and steel bracket components. Solid state welding process used for joining aluminum and stee...Aluminum/steel electric transition joints (ETJs) are used in aluminum reduction cell for the purpose of welding aluminum rod and steel bracket components. Solid state welding process used for joining aluminum and steel at the electric transition joints have the drawbacks of cracking and separation at the interface surfaces. Cracking and separation at the electric transition joints are caused by the stress singularities that developed due to the mismatch in thermal and mechanical properties of each material. To overcome the drawback of electric transition joints, aluminum/steel functionally graded may be used as electric transition joints or proposed. Therefore manufacturing and investigation of aluminum/steel functionally graded materials fabricated by powder metallurgy process were carried out through the current work. Different samples with different layers of aluminum/steel functionally graded materials were compacted using steel die and punch at the same compacted pressure and sintered temperature. After investigating the different samples of aluminum/steel functionally graded materials under different fabrication conditions, the suitable fabrication regime was determined with the aid of microscopic observations.展开更多
Cu-based powder metallurgy brake materials are used for aircraft widely and successfully.The characteristics of worn surface of Cu-based powder metallurgy brake materials for aircraft after working under service condi...Cu-based powder metallurgy brake materials are used for aircraft widely and successfully.The characteristics of worn surface of Cu-based powder metallurgy brake materials for aircraft after working under service condition were studied,and two main wear mechanisms were discussed.The results show that the main components of worn surface are graphite,SiO2,Fe,Cu and oxide of Fe(Fe3O4 and FeO);the worn surface can be divided into three zones:severe wear zone,mild wear zone,and low wear zone; fatigue wear and grain wear are the main wear mechanisms of Cu-based materials.Some debris kept between brake discs reduce the wear rate to a certain extent by taking part in the regeneration of friction film.展开更多
The experiment is conducted on MM-1000 friction test machine, which tests friction wear property of copper-based brake materials by powder metallurgy at different brake speeds. It shows that the coefficient of frictio...The experiment is conducted on MM-1000 friction test machine, which tests friction wear property of copper-based brake materials by powder metallurgy at different brake speeds. It shows that the coefficient of friction and wear volume are greatly influenced by brake speed. When the brake speed is 4000 r/min, which is a bit higher, the material still has a higher coefficient of friction with 0.47. When the brake speed is over 4000r/min, the coefficient of friction decreased rapidly. When the brake speed is 3000r/min, the material’s wear is in its minimum. That is to say no matter how higher or lower the brake speed is the wear volume is bigger relatively. With the brake speed of the lower one it mainly refers to fatigue wear; while of higher one it mainly refers to abradant and oxidation wear.展开更多
Iron-based powder metallurgy material was prepared by warm compaction at 125 ℃ using a compacting pressure of 700 MPa. Sintering temperature ranging from 1 100 ℃ to 1 300 ℃ and sintering time ranging from 40 min to...Iron-based powder metallurgy material was prepared by warm compaction at 125 ℃ using a compacting pressure of 700 MPa. Sintering temperature ranging from 1 100 ℃ to 1 300 ℃ and sintering time ranging from 40 min to 80 min were used to study the effects of sintering parameters on the compacts. Die wall lubrication polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) emulsion was also applied in combination with warm compaction in hope to increase the compact density and the mechanical properties of the sintered material. Green and sintered density, spring back effect and sinter shrinkage were measured. Mechanical properties of both as-sinter and heat treated samples were also measured. Results show that mechanical properties of the sintered compacts increase with the increase of sintering temperature and sintering time. Sample prepared by die wall lubricated warm compaction always shows higher density and mechanical properties.展开更多
A promising friction material, Iron -based friction material, was prepared by powder metallurgy (PM) processing utilizing hot powder preform forging (near net-shape).The preparation of the product and its characteriza...A promising friction material, Iron -based friction material, was prepared by powder metallurgy (PM) processing utilizing hot powder preform forging (near net-shape).The preparation of the product and its characterization are presented in this paper. These products are useful in heavy duty Military Aircraft applications such as AN-32. In order to eliminate costly environmental control systems to protect products during their high temperature processing (as is conventionally practiced employing hydrogen gas), the present investigation relies on carbon (mixed in the brake pad formulation) as reducing agent and high temperature oxidation resistant glassy coating (separately developed) applied over the product’s surface after cold compacting. After conducting an initial characterization such as hardness, density and Pin-on Disc tests, the samples were tested in sub-scale dynamometer under Rejected Take Off conditions. It was observed that the obtained density in the present investigation is higher than the reported density obtained by sintering route, and wear is on the lower side of the range as per the Aeronautical Standards. Optical metallography was used to investigate the microstructure of friction, interface and backing layer. It was observed that the distribution of ingredients in matrix was homogeneous. The results also indicate that the coefficient of friction is more stable, and wear is lower with respect to temperature rise. .展开更多
A super-fine compound powder, Ag/SnO_2+La_2O_3+ Bi_2O_3, has been obtainedusing the chemical coprecipitation method. And a new contact material, Ag/SnO_2+La_2O_3+Bi_2O_3, wasproduced by the powder metallurgy method. I...A super-fine compound powder, Ag/SnO_2+La_2O_3+ Bi_2O_3, has been obtainedusing the chemical coprecipitation method. And a new contact material, Ag/SnO_2+La_2O_3+Bi_2O_3, wasproduced by the powder metallurgy method. Its properties are as follows: the density is 9.75-9.93g/cm^3, the resistivity is 2.31-2.55 μΩ ·cm, the hardness is 880-985 MPa. Its mi-crostructureshows that the fine oxides have a uniform distribution in the silver matrix. The results ofmake-break capacity and temperature rise testing show that the new material has better ability ofanti-arc erosion and lower temperature rise than that of commonly used Ag/CdO.展开更多
The fatigue strength of a high V alloyed powder metallurgy tool steel with two different inclusion size levels, tempered at different temperatures, was investigated by a series of high cycle fatigue tests. It was show...The fatigue strength of a high V alloyed powder metallurgy tool steel with two different inclusion size levels, tempered at different temperatures, was investigated by a series of high cycle fatigue tests. It was shown that brittle inclusions with large sizes above 30μm prompted the occurrence of subsurface crack initiation and the reduction in fatigue strength. The fracture toughness and the stress amplitude both exerted a significant influence on the fish-eye size. A larger fish-eye area would form in the sample with a higher fracture toughness subjected to a lower stress amplitude. The stress intensity factor of the inclusion was found to lie above a typical value of the threshold stress intensity factor of 4 MPa.m^1/2. The fracture toughness of the sample with a hardness above HRC 56 could be estimated by the mean value of the stress intensity factor of the fish-eye. According to fractographic evaluation, the critical inclusion size can be calculated by linear fracture mechanics.展开更多
A new silver rare earth oxide contact material, Ag/La2O3(12), was produced by powder metallurgy method. Its performances are as follows: the density is 9.71 similar to 9.96 g.cm(-3); the hardness (HB) is 760 similar t...A new silver rare earth oxide contact material, Ag/La2O3(12), was produced by powder metallurgy method. Its performances are as follows: the density is 9.71 similar to 9.96 g.cm(-3); the hardness (HB) is 760 similar to 970 MPa and the resistivity is 2.25 similar to 2.38 mu Omega . cm. The microstructure of Ag/La2O3(12) mas analyzed by SEM and EDS. Rare earth oxide La2O3 shows two shapes, which are uniformly distributed in the form of sphere and abnormality in Ag matrix. La2O3 shows fine spherical shape in the melted area of Ag after laser acting which is used to simulate electric are. The results are contributed to the less splash erosion of Ag. Compared with the main physical and mechanical properties of Ag/SnO2(12) and Ag/CdO(12), the properties of three contact materials are similar, and hence Ag/La2O3(12) may become a potential contact material to be used as the substitute of Ag/CdO(12).展开更多
FVS1212/FVS0812 material was prepared by adding FVS1212 powder into FVS0812 powder. The structure and mechanical properties of materials were studied by means of X-Ray, tensile measurement, OM and SEM. The results sho...FVS1212/FVS0812 material was prepared by adding FVS1212 powder into FVS0812 powder. The structure and mechanical properties of materials were studied by means of X-Ray, tensile measurement, OM and SEM. The results show that adding proper content FVS1212 powders can improve the tensile strength of FVS0812 aluminum at room temperature and elevated temperature, and that the elongation of FVS1212/FVS0812 material is better than that of FVS1212 aluminum.展开更多
The proper spacer material and the preparation technology for biological compatible porous magnesium materials were explored by the powder metallurgy method, and microstructures, porosity and mechanical properties of ...The proper spacer material and the preparation technology for biological compatible porous magnesium materials were explored by the powder metallurgy method, and microstructures, porosity and mechanical properties of sintered porous magnesium were investigated. The results show that compared with spacer materials of NH4CO3, NH3Cl and carbamide, NH4CO3 is the best one for preparation of sintered porous magnesium,and the worst one is NH3Cl.The isolated blind pores are formed mainly by the particle interval of the magnesium powders. Adding spacer material favors the formation of open pores, while has little contribution to the formation of blind pores. The overall porosity and porosity of open pore of the sintered porous magnesium increase with the increase of added spacer material, while decrease with the increase of the molding stress. The mechanical properties of sintered porous magnesium increase with decreasing addition of spacer material and increasing molding stress.展开更多
Grinding with cubic boron nitride(CBN)superabrasive is a widely used method of machining superalloy in aerospace industries.However,there are some issues,such as poor grinding quality and severe tool wear,in grinding ...Grinding with cubic boron nitride(CBN)superabrasive is a widely used method of machining superalloy in aerospace industries.However,there are some issues,such as poor grinding quality and severe tool wear,in grinding of powder metallurgy superalloy FGH96.In addition,abrasive wheel wear is the significant factor that hinders the further application of CBN abrasive wheels.In this case,the experiment of grinding FGH96 with single CBN abrasive grain using different parameters was carried out.The wear characteristics of CBN abrasive grain were analyzed by experiment and simulation.The material removal behavior affected by CBN abrasive wear was also studied by discussing the pile-up ratio during grinding process.It shows that morphological characteristics of CBN abrasive grain and grinding infeed direction affect the CBN abrasive wear seriously by simulation analysis.Attrition wear,micro break,and macro fracture had an important impact on material removal characteristics.Besides,compared with the single cutting edge,higher pile-up ratio was obtained by multiple cutting edges,which reduced the removal efficiency of the material.Therefore,weakening multiple cutting edge grinding on abrasive grains in the industrial production,such as applying suitable dressing strategy,is an available method to improve the grinding quality and efficiency.展开更多
Owing to the increasing demand for tribological brakes for space applications, the development of novel materials and advanced technologies is necessary. This paper presents the design, characterization, and realizati...Owing to the increasing demand for tribological brakes for space applications, the development of novel materials and advanced technologies is necessary. This paper presents the design, characterization, and realization of powder metallurgy processed metal-matrix friction materials intended for the above-mentioned tribological brakes. Selecting appropriate ingredients, which provides an effective way to tailor the properties of the friction material, is evolving as a strategy to meet the design requirements. The tribological behaviors of the friction material are experimentally investigated under different conditions, and special attention is focused on the vacuum tribology. Examinations and analyses of the friction surface and subsurface corroborate the wear mechanism. In addition, the erosion resistances of the friction material are evaluated by exposure tests of ultraviolet irradiation and atomic oxygen. Finally, present and potential space applications of the friction material are also introduced based on experimental studies.展开更多
文摘Lubricant is harmful to the mechanical properties of the sintered materials. Die wall lubrication was applied on warm compaction powder metallurgy in the hope of reducing the concentration level of the admixed lubricant. Iron based samples were prepared by die wall lubricated warm compaction at 175 ℃, using a compacting pressure of 550 MPa. Emulsified polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) was used as die wall lubricant. Admixed lubricant concentration ranging from 0 to 0.5% was tested. Extremely low admixed lubricant contents were used. Results show that in addition to the decrease in ejection forces, the green density of the compacts increases with the decrease of admixed lubricant content until it reaches the maximum at 0.06% of lubricant content, then decreases with the decrease of admixed lubricant content. The mechanical properties of the sintered compacts that contain more than 0.06% admixed lubricant are better than those of the samples that contain lesser lubricant. No scoring was observed in all die wall lubricated experiments.
文摘The objective of this study is to improve the mechanical properties and machining performance of high thermal conductivity and low expansion silicon carbide dispersion-strengthened hypereutectic aluminum-silicon electronic packaging materials to meet the needs of aviation,aerospace,and electronic packaging fields.We used the powder metallurgy method and high-temperature hot pressing technology to prepare SiC/Al-Si composite materials with different SiC contents(5vol%,10vol%,15vol%,and 20vol%).The results showed that as the SiC content increased,the tensile strength of the composite material first increased and then decreased.The tensile strength was the highest when the SiC content was 15%;the sintering temperature significantly affected the composite material’s structural density and mechanical properties.Findings indicated 700℃was the optimal sintering and the optimal SiC content of SiC/Al-Si composite materials was between 10%and 15%.Besides,the sintering temperature should be strictly controlled to improve the material’s structural density and mechanical properties.
文摘Aluminum/steel electric transition joints (ETJs) are used in aluminum reduction cell for the purpose of welding aluminum rod and steel bracket components. Solid state welding process used for joining aluminum and steel at the electric transition joints have the drawbacks of cracking and separation at the interface surfaces. Cracking and separation at the electric transition joints are caused by the stress singularities that developed due to the mismatch in thermal and mechanical properties of each material. To overcome the drawback of electric transition joints, aluminum/steel functionally graded may be used as electric transition joints or proposed. Therefore manufacturing and investigation of aluminum/steel functionally graded materials fabricated by powder metallurgy process were carried out through the current work. Different samples with different layers of aluminum/steel functionally graded materials were compacted using steel die and punch at the same compacted pressure and sintered temperature. After investigating the different samples of aluminum/steel functionally graded materials under different fabrication conditions, the suitable fabrication regime was determined with the aid of microscopic observations.
基金Project(2003AA305680)supported by the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘Cu-based powder metallurgy brake materials are used for aircraft widely and successfully.The characteristics of worn surface of Cu-based powder metallurgy brake materials for aircraft after working under service condition were studied,and two main wear mechanisms were discussed.The results show that the main components of worn surface are graphite,SiO2,Fe,Cu and oxide of Fe(Fe3O4 and FeO);the worn surface can be divided into three zones:severe wear zone,mild wear zone,and low wear zone; fatigue wear and grain wear are the main wear mechanisms of Cu-based materials.Some debris kept between brake discs reduce the wear rate to a certain extent by taking part in the regeneration of friction film.
基金supported by fund of China Academy of Engineering Physics(421010201)supported by fund of outstanding youngth of Henan Provincesupported by important research project of Henan Province(03230239000).
文摘The experiment is conducted on MM-1000 friction test machine, which tests friction wear property of copper-based brake materials by powder metallurgy at different brake speeds. It shows that the coefficient of friction and wear volume are greatly influenced by brake speed. When the brake speed is 4000 r/min, which is a bit higher, the material still has a higher coefficient of friction with 0.47. When the brake speed is over 4000r/min, the coefficient of friction decreased rapidly. When the brake speed is 3000r/min, the material’s wear is in its minimum. That is to say no matter how higher or lower the brake speed is the wear volume is bigger relatively. With the brake speed of the lower one it mainly refers to fatigue wear; while of higher one it mainly refers to abradant and oxidation wear.
文摘Iron-based powder metallurgy material was prepared by warm compaction at 125 ℃ using a compacting pressure of 700 MPa. Sintering temperature ranging from 1 100 ℃ to 1 300 ℃ and sintering time ranging from 40 min to 80 min were used to study the effects of sintering parameters on the compacts. Die wall lubrication polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) emulsion was also applied in combination with warm compaction in hope to increase the compact density and the mechanical properties of the sintered material. Green and sintered density, spring back effect and sinter shrinkage were measured. Mechanical properties of both as-sinter and heat treated samples were also measured. Results show that mechanical properties of the sintered compacts increase with the increase of sintering temperature and sintering time. Sample prepared by die wall lubricated warm compaction always shows higher density and mechanical properties.
文摘A promising friction material, Iron -based friction material, was prepared by powder metallurgy (PM) processing utilizing hot powder preform forging (near net-shape).The preparation of the product and its characterization are presented in this paper. These products are useful in heavy duty Military Aircraft applications such as AN-32. In order to eliminate costly environmental control systems to protect products during their high temperature processing (as is conventionally practiced employing hydrogen gas), the present investigation relies on carbon (mixed in the brake pad formulation) as reducing agent and high temperature oxidation resistant glassy coating (separately developed) applied over the product’s surface after cold compacting. After conducting an initial characterization such as hardness, density and Pin-on Disc tests, the samples were tested in sub-scale dynamometer under Rejected Take Off conditions. It was observed that the obtained density in the present investigation is higher than the reported density obtained by sintering route, and wear is on the lower side of the range as per the Aeronautical Standards. Optical metallography was used to investigate the microstructure of friction, interface and backing layer. It was observed that the distribution of ingredients in matrix was homogeneous. The results also indicate that the coefficient of friction is more stable, and wear is lower with respect to temperature rise. .
基金This project is financially supported by the Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No.502048)
文摘A super-fine compound powder, Ag/SnO_2+La_2O_3+ Bi_2O_3, has been obtainedusing the chemical coprecipitation method. And a new contact material, Ag/SnO_2+La_2O_3+Bi_2O_3, wasproduced by the powder metallurgy method. Its properties are as follows: the density is 9.75-9.93g/cm^3, the resistivity is 2.31-2.55 μΩ ·cm, the hardness is 880-985 MPa. Its mi-crostructureshows that the fine oxides have a uniform distribution in the silver matrix. The results ofmake-break capacity and temperature rise testing show that the new material has better ability ofanti-arc erosion and lower temperature rise than that of commonly used Ag/CdO.
基金financially supported by the National Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China (No. 2007BAE51B05)
文摘The fatigue strength of a high V alloyed powder metallurgy tool steel with two different inclusion size levels, tempered at different temperatures, was investigated by a series of high cycle fatigue tests. It was shown that brittle inclusions with large sizes above 30μm prompted the occurrence of subsurface crack initiation and the reduction in fatigue strength. The fracture toughness and the stress amplitude both exerted a significant influence on the fish-eye size. A larger fish-eye area would form in the sample with a higher fracture toughness subjected to a lower stress amplitude. The stress intensity factor of the inclusion was found to lie above a typical value of the threshold stress intensity factor of 4 MPa.m^1/2. The fracture toughness of the sample with a hardness above HRC 56 could be estimated by the mean value of the stress intensity factor of the fish-eye. According to fractographic evaluation, the critical inclusion size can be calculated by linear fracture mechanics.
文摘A new silver rare earth oxide contact material, Ag/La2O3(12), was produced by powder metallurgy method. Its performances are as follows: the density is 9.71 similar to 9.96 g.cm(-3); the hardness (HB) is 760 similar to 970 MPa and the resistivity is 2.25 similar to 2.38 mu Omega . cm. The microstructure of Ag/La2O3(12) mas analyzed by SEM and EDS. Rare earth oxide La2O3 shows two shapes, which are uniformly distributed in the form of sphere and abnormality in Ag matrix. La2O3 shows fine spherical shape in the melted area of Ag after laser acting which is used to simulate electric are. The results are contributed to the less splash erosion of Ag. Compared with the main physical and mechanical properties of Ag/SnO2(12) and Ag/CdO(12), the properties of three contact materials are similar, and hence Ag/La2O3(12) may become a potential contact material to be used as the substitute of Ag/CdO(12).
文摘FVS1212/FVS0812 material was prepared by adding FVS1212 powder into FVS0812 powder. The structure and mechanical properties of materials were studied by means of X-Ray, tensile measurement, OM and SEM. The results show that adding proper content FVS1212 powders can improve the tensile strength of FVS0812 aluminum at room temperature and elevated temperature, and that the elongation of FVS1212/FVS0812 material is better than that of FVS1212 aluminum.
文摘The proper spacer material and the preparation technology for biological compatible porous magnesium materials were explored by the powder metallurgy method, and microstructures, porosity and mechanical properties of sintered porous magnesium were investigated. The results show that compared with spacer materials of NH4CO3, NH3Cl and carbamide, NH4CO3 is the best one for preparation of sintered porous magnesium,and the worst one is NH3Cl.The isolated blind pores are formed mainly by the particle interval of the magnesium powders. Adding spacer material favors the formation of open pores, while has little contribution to the formation of blind pores. The overall porosity and porosity of open pore of the sintered porous magnesium increase with the increase of added spacer material, while decrease with the increase of the molding stress. The mechanical properties of sintered porous magnesium increase with decreasing addition of spacer material and increasing molding stress.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92160301,52175415)Major Special Projects of Aero-engine and Gas Turbine(Grant No.2017-VII-0002-0095)Funding for Outstanding Doctoral Dissertation in NUAA(Grant No.BCXJ19-06).
文摘Grinding with cubic boron nitride(CBN)superabrasive is a widely used method of machining superalloy in aerospace industries.However,there are some issues,such as poor grinding quality and severe tool wear,in grinding of powder metallurgy superalloy FGH96.In addition,abrasive wheel wear is the significant factor that hinders the further application of CBN abrasive wheels.In this case,the experiment of grinding FGH96 with single CBN abrasive grain using different parameters was carried out.The wear characteristics of CBN abrasive grain were analyzed by experiment and simulation.The material removal behavior affected by CBN abrasive wear was also studied by discussing the pile-up ratio during grinding process.It shows that morphological characteristics of CBN abrasive grain and grinding infeed direction affect the CBN abrasive wear seriously by simulation analysis.Attrition wear,micro break,and macro fracture had an important impact on material removal characteristics.Besides,compared with the single cutting edge,higher pile-up ratio was obtained by multiple cutting edges,which reduced the removal efficiency of the material.Therefore,weakening multiple cutting edge grinding on abrasive grains in the industrial production,such as applying suitable dressing strategy,is an available method to improve the grinding quality and efficiency.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51175516 and 51475476)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(No.2014 zzts023)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Mechanism(No.QT2010-081)of China for their financial supports
文摘Owing to the increasing demand for tribological brakes for space applications, the development of novel materials and advanced technologies is necessary. This paper presents the design, characterization, and realization of powder metallurgy processed metal-matrix friction materials intended for the above-mentioned tribological brakes. Selecting appropriate ingredients, which provides an effective way to tailor the properties of the friction material, is evolving as a strategy to meet the design requirements. The tribological behaviors of the friction material are experimentally investigated under different conditions, and special attention is focused on the vacuum tribology. Examinations and analyses of the friction surface and subsurface corroborate the wear mechanism. In addition, the erosion resistances of the friction material are evaluated by exposure tests of ultraviolet irradiation and atomic oxygen. Finally, present and potential space applications of the friction material are also introduced based on experimental studies.