Coccidiosis is a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Eimeria which seriously affects young rabbits. Treatment based on the use of anticoccidial drugs is increasingly ineffective due to the rapid emergence of resis...Coccidiosis is a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Eimeria which seriously affects young rabbits. Treatment based on the use of anticoccidial drugs is increasingly ineffective due to the rapid emergence of resistant strains of coccidia and the high cost of drugs. Consumer demand for rabbit products without chemical residues led to a growing interest in the use of medicinal plants as an alternative treatment for coccidiosis. The present study was carried out during the period of August to December 2020 to assess the anticoccidial effect of hydro-ethanolic extract of leaves of Artemisia annua L., in young rabbits. The antiparasitic efficacy of Artemisia extract was tested on 15 young rabbits (whose age varied between 7 and 9 weeks) divided into 5 lots of 3 animals. The average weight of these animals was 790 g. The results of this study show that the feces samples and the weight of young rabbits before administration of the treatment and the coprological examination (every 7 days for 4 weeks) show a fecal excretion reduction rate (FECRT) of 55.13% in the lot treated by sulfonamide. On the other hand, in animals received treatments extract of the leaves of Artemisia annua L., the average FECRT is evaluated at 69.64%, 79.22%, and 96.36% for respective doses of 400, 800 and 1200 mg/kg bodyweight and proves their anticoccidial effect. Furthermore, the variation in mean Eggs Per Gram (EPG) of coccidia and the average weekly weight gain (AWWG) of each lot were significant in the lots treated with hydro-ethanolic extract (P 0.05). The greatest reductions in oocystal excretion and weight gain obtained were those of lot 5, treated at 1200 mg/kg of hydro-ethanolic leaves extract of Artemisia annua L.展开更多
The sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin is an important anti-malarial component produced by the glandular secretory trichomes of sweet wormwood(Artemisia annua L.).Light was previously shown to promote artemisinin produ...The sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin is an important anti-malarial component produced by the glandular secretory trichomes of sweet wormwood(Artemisia annua L.).Light was previously shown to promote artemisinin production,but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains elusive.In this study,we demonstrate that ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5(HY5),a central transcription factor in the light signaling pathway,cannot promote artemisinin biosynthesis on its own,as the binding of AaHY5 to the promoters of artemisinin biosynthetic genes failed to activate their transcription.Transcriptome analysis and yeast two-hybrid screening revealed the B-box transcription factor AaBBX21 as a potential interactor with AaHY5.AaBBX21 showed a trichome-specific expression pattern.Additionally,the AaBBX21–AaHY5 complex cooperatively activated transcription from the promoters of the downstream genes AaGSW1,AaMYB108,and AaORA,encoding positive regulators of artemisinin biosynthesis.Moreover,AaHY5 and AaBBX21 physically interacted with the A.annua E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1(COP1).In the dark,AaCOP1 decreased the accumulation of AaHY5 and AaBBX21 and repressed the activation of genes downstream of the AaHY5–AaBBX21 complex,explaining the enhanced production of artemisinin upon light exposure.Our study provides insights into the central regulatory mechanism by which light governs terpenoid biosynthesis in the plant kingdom.展开更多
Derivation conditions of pre-column derivation-HPLC method used for determinating artemisinin content were compared and selected,and artemisinin content in above-ground part of Artemisia annua L.from seventeen locatio...Derivation conditions of pre-column derivation-HPLC method used for determinating artemisinin content were compared and selected,and artemisinin content in above-ground part of Artemisia annua L.from seventeen locations was compared by optimal pre-column derivation-HPLC method.The optimal derivation condition is selected via comparing of 0.2% NaOH solution addition(3,4,5,6 and 7 mL),derivation temperature(30 ℃,35 ℃,40 ℃,45 ℃ and 50 ℃) and derivation time(0,2,5,10,20,40 and 60 min) during derivation process.The optimal derivation condition is adding 5 mL 0.2% NaOH solution,then insulating in 40 ℃ water bath for 10 min.Differences of artemisinin content in A.annua from seventeen locations are obvious,the general trend is that artemisinin content decreases gradually with location from south to north,in which artemisinin content in A.annua from Youyang of Chongqing is the highest with a value of 7.08 mg·g-1.The method is simple and accurate with good reproducibility,and can be used to determinate artemisinin content in medicinal material of A.annua.展开更多
文摘Coccidiosis is a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Eimeria which seriously affects young rabbits. Treatment based on the use of anticoccidial drugs is increasingly ineffective due to the rapid emergence of resistant strains of coccidia and the high cost of drugs. Consumer demand for rabbit products without chemical residues led to a growing interest in the use of medicinal plants as an alternative treatment for coccidiosis. The present study was carried out during the period of August to December 2020 to assess the anticoccidial effect of hydro-ethanolic extract of leaves of Artemisia annua L., in young rabbits. The antiparasitic efficacy of Artemisia extract was tested on 15 young rabbits (whose age varied between 7 and 9 weeks) divided into 5 lots of 3 animals. The average weight of these animals was 790 g. The results of this study show that the feces samples and the weight of young rabbits before administration of the treatment and the coprological examination (every 7 days for 4 weeks) show a fecal excretion reduction rate (FECRT) of 55.13% in the lot treated by sulfonamide. On the other hand, in animals received treatments extract of the leaves of Artemisia annua L., the average FECRT is evaluated at 69.64%, 79.22%, and 96.36% for respective doses of 400, 800 and 1200 mg/kg bodyweight and proves their anticoccidial effect. Furthermore, the variation in mean Eggs Per Gram (EPG) of coccidia and the average weekly weight gain (AWWG) of each lot were significant in the lots treated with hydro-ethanolic extract (P 0.05). The greatest reductions in oocystal excretion and weight gain obtained were those of lot 5, treated at 1200 mg/kg of hydro-ethanolic leaves extract of Artemisia annua L.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32070329, 31770327)Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (16ZR1418000)the National Key R&D Program of China (2018Y FA0900600)。
文摘The sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin is an important anti-malarial component produced by the glandular secretory trichomes of sweet wormwood(Artemisia annua L.).Light was previously shown to promote artemisinin production,but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains elusive.In this study,we demonstrate that ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5(HY5),a central transcription factor in the light signaling pathway,cannot promote artemisinin biosynthesis on its own,as the binding of AaHY5 to the promoters of artemisinin biosynthetic genes failed to activate their transcription.Transcriptome analysis and yeast two-hybrid screening revealed the B-box transcription factor AaBBX21 as a potential interactor with AaHY5.AaBBX21 showed a trichome-specific expression pattern.Additionally,the AaBBX21–AaHY5 complex cooperatively activated transcription from the promoters of the downstream genes AaGSW1,AaMYB108,and AaORA,encoding positive regulators of artemisinin biosynthesis.Moreover,AaHY5 and AaBBX21 physically interacted with the A.annua E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1(COP1).In the dark,AaCOP1 decreased the accumulation of AaHY5 and AaBBX21 and repressed the activation of genes downstream of the AaHY5–AaBBX21 complex,explaining the enhanced production of artemisinin upon light exposure.Our study provides insights into the central regulatory mechanism by which light governs terpenoid biosynthesis in the plant kingdom.
文摘Derivation conditions of pre-column derivation-HPLC method used for determinating artemisinin content were compared and selected,and artemisinin content in above-ground part of Artemisia annua L.from seventeen locations was compared by optimal pre-column derivation-HPLC method.The optimal derivation condition is selected via comparing of 0.2% NaOH solution addition(3,4,5,6 and 7 mL),derivation temperature(30 ℃,35 ℃,40 ℃,45 ℃ and 50 ℃) and derivation time(0,2,5,10,20,40 and 60 min) during derivation process.The optimal derivation condition is adding 5 mL 0.2% NaOH solution,then insulating in 40 ℃ water bath for 10 min.Differences of artemisinin content in A.annua from seventeen locations are obvious,the general trend is that artemisinin content decreases gradually with location from south to north,in which artemisinin content in A.annua from Youyang of Chongqing is the highest with a value of 7.08 mg·g-1.The method is simple and accurate with good reproducibility,and can be used to determinate artemisinin content in medicinal material of A.annua.
