本文聚焦英国维多利亚时期旅行家伊莎贝拉·博德(Isabella Bird, 1831-1904)旅行记录《前往金色半岛》(The Golden Chersonese and the Way Thither)(1883)。这部作品以信件的方式写成,记录了1879年博德在英属马来半岛一带的旅行。...本文聚焦英国维多利亚时期旅行家伊莎贝拉·博德(Isabella Bird, 1831-1904)旅行记录《前往金色半岛》(The Golden Chersonese and the Way Thither)(1883)。这部作品以信件的方式写成,记录了1879年博德在英属马来半岛一带的旅行。博德一生去过世界很多地方、出版过很多游记。在她旅行生涯的后期,摄影扮演了重要角色。虽然博德前往东南亚之时,尚未研习摄影,但她已在娴熟使用视觉手段来观察并进行图像记录。尽管个人角度在博德的观看中占有地位,但她作品很大程度上采用了帝国的视角。依靠着这个政治化视角,博德得以分享威权,积极参与了英帝国对这一地区的知识建构。但同时,我们也应看到,在博德的行旅生涯中,女性身份并非毫无意义。身为女性,博德得以较为方便地与当地女性互动,从而获得了独特的观察机会。此外,她对性别问题的关心在作品中也展露无疑。展开更多
Grapes are important sources of antioxidants compounds and one of the most used varieties to elaborate juices is ＂Isabel＂, or ＂Isabella＂, as it is called in North-America. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxid...Grapes are important sources of antioxidants compounds and one of the most used varieties to elaborate juices is ＂Isabel＂, or ＂Isabella＂, as it is called in North-America. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Isabella grape juices from the tropical semi-arid climate produced in Brazil on March and September, 2010. Total phenolics and anthocyanins were determined, as well as the antioxidant capacity by DPPH, FRAP and hydrophilic ORAC methods. Test T was used to compare statistical difference at 5% of significance level. As expected, the results showed that the season can play a significant role on phenolics content and antioxidant power. Polyphenols content in juices varied from 82.9 ± 0.92 to 102.2± 1.59 mg GAE 100 mL1- and anthocyanins content ranged from 44.3 ± 2.01 to 129.5 ± 2.82 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside 100 mL-1. Regression analyses showed a high correlation of antioxidant capacity and anthocyanins content. Grapes from Sao Francisco River Valley demonstrated to be a good source of antioxidant for human diet.展开更多
This article explains how modern European travelers, particularly European women adventurers, described East Asia. Travel writings that are expected to be truthful are not free from travelers＇ own personal, cultural,...This article explains how modern European travelers, particularly European women adventurers, described East Asia. Travel writings that are expected to be truthful are not free from travelers＇ own personal, cultural, social, and political experiences and perceptions. At the turn of the 19th century, Europe was dominated by colonial discourse based on Western-centered textualized or imaginary knowledge of ＂the Orient＇＇1. The imaginary texts affected European travelers. In turn, their travel writings helped substantiate and reinforce the texts. European women travelers, who were in a relatively disadvantageous situation at home, enjoyed going beyond the sexual boundaries imposed on them at home by using their assumed racial superiority in the Orient. However, their marginal position in Western society helped them ponder their own understanding of other peoples and cultures, of themselves, and of their home societies. This article traces not only the surface discourse of travelogues on East Asia, particularly on Korea, but also travel writers＇ inner worlds, focusing on differences between men and women.展开更多
Recent climate change is known to affect the distribution of a number of insect species,resulting in a modification of their range boundaries.In newly colonized areas,novel interactions become apparent between e...Recent climate change is known to affect the distribution of a number of insect species,resulting in a modification of their range boundaries.In newly colonized areas,novel interactions become apparent between expanding and endemic species sharing the same host.The pine processionary moth is a highly damaging pine defoliator,extending its range northwards and upwards in response to winter warming.Its expansion in the Alps has resulted in an invasion into the range of the Spanish moon moth,a red listed species developing on Scots pine.Pine processionary moth larvae develop during winter,preceding those of the moon moth,which hatch in late spring.Using pine trees planted in a clonal design,we experimentally tested the effect of previous winter defoliation by pine processionary moth larvae upon the survival and development of moon moth larvae.Feeding on foliage of heavily defoliated trees(>50%)resulted in a significant increase in the development time of moon moth larvae and a decrease in relative growth rate compared to feeding on foliage of undefoliated trees.Dry weight of pupae also decreased when larvae were fed with foliage of defoliated trees,and might,therefore,affect imago performances.However,lower defoliation degrees did not result in significant differences in larval performances compared to the control.Because a high degree of defoliation by pine processionary moth is to be expected during the colonization phase,its arrival in subalpine pine stands might affect the populations of the endangered moon moth .展开更多
文摘本文聚焦英国维多利亚时期旅行家伊莎贝拉·博德(Isabella Bird, 1831-1904)旅行记录《前往金色半岛》(The Golden Chersonese and the Way Thither)(1883)。这部作品以信件的方式写成,记录了1879年博德在英属马来半岛一带的旅行。博德一生去过世界很多地方、出版过很多游记。在她旅行生涯的后期,摄影扮演了重要角色。虽然博德前往东南亚之时,尚未研习摄影,但她已在娴熟使用视觉手段来观察并进行图像记录。尽管个人角度在博德的观看中占有地位,但她作品很大程度上采用了帝国的视角。依靠着这个政治化视角,博德得以分享威权,积极参与了英帝国对这一地区的知识建构。但同时,我们也应看到,在博德的行旅生涯中,女性身份并非毫无意义。身为女性,博德得以较为方便地与当地女性互动,从而获得了独特的观察机会。此外,她对性别问题的关心在作品中也展露无疑。
文摘Grapes are important sources of antioxidants compounds and one of the most used varieties to elaborate juices is ＂Isabel＂, or ＂Isabella＂, as it is called in North-America. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Isabella grape juices from the tropical semi-arid climate produced in Brazil on March and September, 2010. Total phenolics and anthocyanins were determined, as well as the antioxidant capacity by DPPH, FRAP and hydrophilic ORAC methods. Test T was used to compare statistical difference at 5% of significance level. As expected, the results showed that the season can play a significant role on phenolics content and antioxidant power. Polyphenols content in juices varied from 82.9 ± 0.92 to 102.2± 1.59 mg GAE 100 mL1- and anthocyanins content ranged from 44.3 ± 2.01 to 129.5 ± 2.82 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside 100 mL-1. Regression analyses showed a high correlation of antioxidant capacity and anthocyanins content. Grapes from Sao Francisco River Valley demonstrated to be a good source of antioxidant for human diet.
文摘This article explains how modern European travelers, particularly European women adventurers, described East Asia. Travel writings that are expected to be truthful are not free from travelers＇ own personal, cultural, social, and political experiences and perceptions. At the turn of the 19th century, Europe was dominated by colonial discourse based on Western-centered textualized or imaginary knowledge of ＂the Orient＇＇1. The imaginary texts affected European travelers. In turn, their travel writings helped substantiate and reinforce the texts. European women travelers, who were in a relatively disadvantageous situation at home, enjoyed going beyond the sexual boundaries imposed on them at home by using their assumed racial superiority in the Orient. However, their marginal position in Western society helped them ponder their own understanding of other peoples and cultures, of themselves, and of their home societies. This article traces not only the surface discourse of travelogues on East Asia, particularly on Korea, but also travel writers＇ inner worlds, focusing on differences between men and women.
基金support from the URTICLIM project Anticipation des effets du changement climatique sur l’impactécologique et sanitaire d’insectes forestiers urticants of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche(ANR-07-BDIV-013).
文摘Recent climate change is known to affect the distribution of a number of insect species,resulting in a modification of their range boundaries.In newly colonized areas,novel interactions become apparent between expanding and endemic species sharing the same host.The pine processionary moth is a highly damaging pine defoliator,extending its range northwards and upwards in response to winter warming.Its expansion in the Alps has resulted in an invasion into the range of the Spanish moon moth,a red listed species developing on Scots pine.Pine processionary moth larvae develop during winter,preceding those of the moon moth,which hatch in late spring.Using pine trees planted in a clonal design,we experimentally tested the effect of previous winter defoliation by pine processionary moth larvae upon the survival and development of moon moth larvae.Feeding on foliage of heavily defoliated trees(>50%)resulted in a significant increase in the development time of moon moth larvae and a decrease in relative growth rate compared to feeding on foliage of undefoliated trees.Dry weight of pupae also decreased when larvae were fed with foliage of defoliated trees,and might,therefore,affect imago performances.However,lower defoliation degrees did not result in significant differences in larval performances compared to the control.Because a high degree of defoliation by pine processionary moth is to be expected during the colonization phase,its arrival in subalpine pine stands might affect the populations of the endangered moon moth .
