天然活性分子isatin经p53介导的线粒体途径诱导乳腺癌细胞MCF-7凋亡

目的探讨吲哚醌(isatin)对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7的抗肿瘤作用及其具体的调控机制。方法不同浓度isatin(0、50、100、200μmol·L^(-1))作用于乳腺癌细胞48 h后,利用细胞荧光染色、RT-PCR、Western blot及流式细胞术等方法检测isatin的促凋亡作用。结果不同浓度isatin处理MCF-7细胞48 h,荧光显微镜观察到细胞出现核染色质聚集、细胞体积缩小及DNA断裂等典型的凋亡形态学改变。RT-PCR和Western blot结果证实,随着isatin浓度的不断增加,p53、Bax mRNA和蛋白表达量也逐渐增加,而Bcl-2 mRNA及蛋白表达下降;流式细胞仪结果提示不同药物浓度作用的细胞膜电位出现不同程度的下降,caspase-9被激活。Western blot结果显示isatin处理组细胞胞质细胞色素C含量明显增加,相反线粒体中细胞色素C含量相应降低。结论 isatin具有明显诱导乳腺癌细胞MCF-7凋亡的作用,其可能的作用机制是经p53的线粒体凋亡通路被激活。

Isatin decreases Bax protein expression in the substantia nigra of a mouse model of Parkinson's disease

The present study observed the action of 1H-indole-2, 3-dione （isatin） on Bax protein expression in the substantia nigra of a Parkinson＇s disease animal model. Parkinson＇s disease-like behaviors were induced in C57BL/6J mice treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine （MPTP） Bax protein expression was significantly reduced in isatin （100, 200 mg/kg）-pretreated mice. Results demonstrate that isatin plays a neuroprotective role in mice treated with MPTP by down-regulating Bax protein expression.

Synthesis and in vitro Antimycobacterial Activity of Moxifloxacin Methylene and Ethylene Isatin Derivatives

A series of novel moxifloxacin methylene and ethylene isatin derivatives with remarkable improvement in lipophilicity, compared to the parent moxifloxacin, was designed, synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, MS and HRMS. These derivatives were initially evaluated for their in vitro antimycobacterial activity against M. smegmatis CMCC 93202. Compounds 3a―3f, 5a, 5f and 5j were chosen for the further evaluation of their in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis（MTB） H37Rv ATCC 27294 and MDR-MTB 09710. All the target com pounds[minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC）： 0.39―〉16 μg/mL] were far more active than rifampin（MIC： 2.0―〉256 μg/mL）, but less active than moxifloxacin（MIC： 0.1―1.0 μg/mL） against the three tested strains. The most active compounds 3a and 3c were found to be 2―64 fold more potent than isoniazid and rifampin against M. smegmatis CMCC 93202, 2 fold more potent than rifampin against MTB H37Rv ATCC 27294, and 16―〉64 fold more potent than ethambutol, isoniazid and rifampin against MDR-MTB 09710.

Acylhydrazide and Isatin Schiff Bases as Alternate UV-Laser Desorption Ionization (LDI) Matrices for Low Molecular Weight (LMW) Peptides Analysis

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is a preferred and widely used mass spectrometric technique for the analysis of macromolecules. Limited UV-LDI matrices are available for the analysis of biomolecules due to the restricted structural features to serve in the laser desorption/ionization mechanism with a problem of background signals appearing in the low mass region. This paper describes the application of Schiff base derivatives of acylhydrazide and isatin as alternate UV-LDI matrices for the analysis of peptides with significantly low background signals. Thirty one compounds have been successfully employed as matrices for the analysis of low molecular weight (LMW) peptides (α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (HCCA), a preferred choice for peptide analysis.

New Approach to Synthesis of 6,7-Dimethoxyisatin

A new approach to synthesis of 6,7-dimethoxyisatin is reported. 2-nitro-3, 4- dimethoxy mandelonitrile in glacial acetic acid was treated with the solution of stannous chloride in hydrochloric acid to give 6, 7-dimethoxyisatin in a high yield.

Syntheses,Crystal Structures and Bioactivities of Two Isatin Derivatives

The title compounds（Z）-3-（2-（3-chloropyridin-2-yl）hydrazono）indolin-2-one（A） and 7-bromo-（Z）-3-（（4-pyridinyl）carboxlichydrazono）-2-indolinone（B） have been synthesized and structurally determined by elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.Compound A（C13H8ClN4O） belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system,space group Pca21 with a = 20.799（4）,b = 4.9312（10）,c = 11.764（2）,V = 1206.6（4）3,Mr = 271.68,Dc = 1.496 g/cm3,μ = 0.313 mm-1,F（000） = 556,Z = 4,the final R = 0.0346 and wR = 0.0831 for 2683 observed reflections with I 2σ（I）.Compound B（C14H9BrN4O2） belongs to the triclinic crystal system,space group P1 with a = 6.6834（13）,b = 7.0727（14）,c = 14.285（3）,α = 95.56（3）,β = 99.00（3）,γ = 102.95（3）°,V = 643.8（2）3,Mr = 345.16,Dc = 1.780 g/cm3,μ = 3.203 mm-1,F（000） = 344,Z = 2,the final R = 0.0487 and wR = 0.1167 for 2334 observed reflections with I 2σ（I）.The preliminary herbicidal bioassay reveals that compounds A and B have some inhibition both in vivo and in vitro against AHAS.

Syntheses,Crystal Structures and Bioactivities of Two Novel Isatin Derivatives

Two novel compounds 1-（4-fluorobenzyl）-4-chloro-（Z）-3-benzoylhydrazono-2-indolinone（1） and 1-（4-methoxybenzyl）-（Z）-3-benzoylhydrazono-2-indolinone（2） were synthesized and their crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.Compound 1（C22H15ClFN3O2） crystallized in the triclinic system,space group P1·with a=0.94198（19） nm,b=1.4339（3） nm,c=1.5018（3） nm,α=101.58（3）°,β=102.96（3）°,γ=102.73°,V=1.8602（6） nm3,Mr=407.82,Dc=1.456 g/cm3,μ=0.240 mm-1,F（000）=840,Z=4,R1=0.0442 and wR2=0.1064.Compound 2（C23H19N3O3） crystallized in the triclinic system,space group P1·with a=1.0022（2） nm,b=1.0192（2） nm,c=1.0461（2） nm,α=99.86（3）°,β=117.30（3）°,γ=94.13（3）°,V=0.9215（3） nm3,Mr=385.41,Dc=1.389 g/cm3,μ=0.094 mm-1,F（000）=404,Z=2,R1=0.0403 and wR2=0.1142.The preliminary herbicidal activities of the two compounds were also evaluated.

Synthesis, spectral, 3D molecular modeling and antibacterial studies of dibutyltin (IV) Schiff base complexes derived from substituted isatin and amino acids

New dibutyltin(IV) complexes of Schiff base derived from 5-chloroindoline-2,3-dione, indoline- 2,3-dione with amino acids (tryptophan, alanine and valine) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, electronic spectra, conductance measurements, and biological activity. The analytical data showed that the Schiff base ligand acts as bidentate towards metal ions via the azomethine nitrogen and carboxylate oxygen by a stoichiometric reaction of M:L (1:2) to form metal complexes. NMR (1H, 13C and 119Sn) spectral data of the ligands and metal complex agree with proposed structures. The conductivity values between 14 - 27 ohm-1cm2mol-1 in DMF imply the presence of non-electrolyte species. 3D molecular modeling and analysis of bond lengths and bond angles have also been conducted for a representative compound, [Bu2Sn(L2)2], to substantiate the proposed structures. Antibacterial results indicate that the metal complexes are more active than the free ligands.

Antipyretic Action of Isatin and Its Analogues in Mice and Rats

The effects of isatin (2,3-dioxo-indole) and isatin analogues (5-methylisatin, 6-hydroxyisatin, 7-ethylisatin, N-acety- lisatin) were tested on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-induced fever in mice and rats. Two modes of administration were tested. Isatin or an analogue was injected simultaneously with PGE2 and the development of fever was tested, or the test compound was given 30 min following PGE2 administration and the effects on the already existing fever were measured, in mice and in rats. Isatin in a dose of 3.12 mg/kg ip was found to block the development of PGE2-induced fever in mice, while in a dose of 12.5 mg/kg ip it attenuated the existing fever. In rats isatin in a dose of 12.5 mg/kg ip blocked fever initiation, and at 25.0 mg/kg ip attenuated existing PGE2-induced fever. In mice, 5-methylisatin in a dose of 0.21 mg/kg ip blocked the initiation of fever, and at 6.72 mg/kg ip attenuated the existing fever. In rats in a dose of 3.36 mg/kg ip it blocked the development of fever, and at 13.44 mg/kg ip attenuated existing PGE2-induced fever. In mice 5,6-dimetylisatin in a dose of 0.02 mg/kg ip both blocked fever initiation and attenuated the existing fever in mice, in rats in a dose of 0.42 mg/kg ip it blocked the initiation of fever, and at 0.21 mg/kg ip attenuated the existing PGE2-induced fever. In mice 6-hydroxyisatin in a dose of 5.2 mg/kg blocked the development of fever, and at 10.4 mg/kg attenuated the existing fever. In rats in a dose of 10.40 mg/kg ip it blocked fever development and also attenuated the existing fever. In mice, 7-ethylisatin in a dose of 0.02 mg/kg ip both blocked fever initiation and also attenuated the existing fever. In rats, a dose of 0.11 mg/kg both blocked fever initiation and also attenuated the existing fever. In mice, N-acethylisatin in the dose of 0.005 mg/kg blocked fever initiation, while at 1.024 mg/kg it attenuated existing fever, in rats, in a dose of 0.096 mg/kg it blocked fever initiation, and at 0.384 mg/kg attenuated the existing fever. The results demonstrate that 7-ethyl- and N-acetylisatin are the most effective of these compounds both in blocking the development of PGE2-induced fever and also in attenuating existing the PGE 2-induced fever.

Novel Isatin-Schiff Base Cu (II) and Ni(II) Complexes. X-ray Crystal Structure of Bis[3-(4-hexylphenylimino)-1H-indol-2(3H)-one]-dichlorocopper(II) Complex

Schiff base ligand （HL） derived from 4-hexylaniline with isatin （1H-indole-2,3-dione） and its complexes with Cu（Ⅱ）, Ni（Ⅱ） were prepared and characterized by analytical, spectroscopic （IR, UV-Vis, Mass） techniques, electrical conductivity, magnetic and thermal measurements. The crystal and molecular structure of [Cu（HL）2Cl2] was determined by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. The molecular structure of the title compound has an inversion center on the Cu atom.

Isatin抑制神经母细胞瘤机制的基因芯片技术研究

目的采用基因芯片技术研究2,3-吲哚醌(Isatin)抑制神经母细胞瘤的作用机制,并筛选与侵袭转移相关的可能效应靶点。方法体外培养神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞,采用CCK8方法检测不同浓度Isatin处理组的细胞活力,用Affymetrix表达谱芯片检测Isatin对SH-SY5Y细胞基因表达谱的影响,然后用GeneGo软件进行GO分类分析,使用BIOCARTA和KEGG数据库筛选与侵袭转移相关的靶点。结果 Isatin对SH-SY5Y细胞的半抑制浓度为279.7μmol/L。与空白对照组相比,Isatin作用后,有284个基因上调,145个基因下调。GO分析显示,Isatin可以抑制细胞增殖、细胞循环,并对细胞内翻译、生物合成及代谢等过程有作用。哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路可能是侵袭转移相关的效应靶点,DDIT4、RHEB、EIF4EBP1、RPS6 KB1为mTOR信号通路的相关基因。结论 Isatin可能通过抑制mTOR信号通路,抑制SH-SY5Y细胞的侵袭转移。

新型N-取代靛红杂合喹唑啉类化合物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

以N′-(2-氰基-4-碘苯基)-N,N-二甲基甲脒和靛红为起始原料,N′-(2-氰基-4-碘苯基)-N,N-二甲基甲脒先与芳胺发生Dimroth重排,再进行Suzuki偶联生成化合物4a~4c;靛红经1-位取代、3-位成腙生成化合物7a~7c;最后经化合物4a~4c和7a~7c之间的亲核加成,合成了9个新型N-取代的靛红杂合喹唑啉类化合物8a~8i。利用核磁共振、红外光谱和高分辨质谱对目标化合物进行表征,并以SW480、A431、NCI-H1975和A549人肿瘤细胞为受试细胞,采用MTT法对9个目标化合物的抗肿瘤活性进行评价。结果表明:大部分化合物均具有较强的肿瘤细胞增殖抑制作用,其中化合物8a、8b、8e、8g对4种受试细胞均具有良好的生长抑制作用,优于阳性对照拉帕替尼和吉非替尼。可见,当在喹唑啉单元4-位引入3-乙炔基苯氨基时,对肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制活性较好;当引入3-氯-4-氟苯氨基和3-氯-4-(3-氟苄氧基)苯氨基时,对肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制活性次之。当靛红单元5-位无取代基或被F取代时,对肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制活性较好;当被Cl取代时,对肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制活性较差。

Environmental Friendly Synthesis of Novel Isatin Ketal and Isatin Schiff Base Derivatives Using Michael Addition Reaction under Solvent-Free Conditions

An efficient and simple procedure for the synthesis of novel isatin derivatives is described. Michael addition of aniline Schiff bases of isatin or p-toluidine Schiff bases of isatin to fumaric esters affords the Michael adduct com- pounds in good to high yields in the presence of K2CO3 and tetrabutylammonium bromide （TBAB） under sol- vent-free conditions. Repeating of this reaction about spiro[l,3-dioxolane-2,3＇-indol]-2＇（l＇H）-one, as a Michael do- nor, in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane （DABCO） gives Michael adducts in remarkable yields under the same conditions.

有机催化3-氨基氧化吲哚与偶氮二羧酸酯的不对称加成反应

手性3,3-双取代氧化吲哚结构单元广泛存在于具有生物活性的天然产物和具有药物活性的化合物中,尤其存在于具有光学活性的3-氨基氧化吲哚中。此外,手性3,3-双取代氧化吲哚结构单元作为有效抗疟药(NITD609)、高效焦虑和抑郁抑制剂(SSR149415)以及HIV蛋白酶抑制剂而备受关注。因此,发展合成手性3-氨基氧化吲哚的新方法具有重要意义。为了实现反应的敏感性产物N,N′-缩靛红衍生物的不对称合成,使用金鸡纳碱衍生的方酰胺作催化剂,3-氨基氧化吲哚席夫碱与偶氮二羧酸酯作模板底物,最终以70%~85%的产率和45%~88%的对映选择性获得相应产物。该反应的实验条件温和,原子经济性高。

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of Schiff bases of 5-substituted isatins

Based on the existing reports on the bioactive isatin derivatives, a number of Schiff bases were synthesized by reacting 5-substituted isatins with bioactive amines/hydrazides and their structures were confirmed using spectroscopic methods such as NMR, IR and mass spectrometry. Furthermore, Nbenzylation of isatin followed by the Schiff base formation furnished a new series of compounds（11a-13c） which allowed the analysis of the effect of isatin N-substitution on the bioactivity of the resulting compounds. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized derivatives was evaluated using a microtiter plate method on a series of gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains. Compounds 2d, 3b, 5c and 6a were among the most potent derivatives against Pseudomonas aeruginosa（MIC = 6.25 μg/m L）.Analysis of the structure-activity relationship showed that the incorporation of（thio）urea-based Schiff bases lead to more potent derivatives with a broader spectrum of antibacterial activity. In addition,highly lipophilic compounds such as 11a-12c did not show any measurable antibacterial activity, which implies that an optimal lipophilicity might be an important requirement for the antibacterial activity of the studied isatins. Finally, the finding that hydantoin derivatives of N-benzylisatins（13a-13c） still exhibit some antibacterial activity prompted us to consider exploring the bioactivity of more diverse derivatives of isatin-aminohydantoin Schiff bases（compounds 1a-1d） in our future studies.

Design,synthesis,in vitro evaluation of tetrahydropyrimidine-isatin hybrids as potential antibacterial,antifungal and anti-tubercular agents

A series of 5-substitued-3-（5-（4-（furan-2-yl）-6-methyl-2-oxo/thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl）-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2- ylimino）indolin-2-one derivatives were synthesized,characterized and were screened for anti-bacterial,anti-fungal and antitubercular activity.

A Fluorescent and Colorimetric Probe Based on Isatin-appended Rhodamine for the Detection of Hg2＋

A new fluorescent probe for the detection of Hg2＋ was designed and synthesized via attaching N-methylisatin to rhodamine B hydrazide through an imine linkage. In an ethanol-Tris buffer medium, the addition of Hg2＋ caused a strong orange fluorescence and a visual color change from colorless to pink. Other coexisting metal ions did not interfere with the detection of Hg2＋. The research on the detection of Hg2＋ in natural water suggested the possibility of practical applications in environment monitoring. Based on ESI-MS analysis, the Hg2＋-sensing mechanism was proposed.

Oxidative Rearrangement of Isatins with Arylamines Using H2O2 as Oxidant： A Facile Synthesis of Quinazoline-2,4-diones and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activity

A green and highly efficient synthetic method for the synthesis of quinazoline-2,4-diones with hydrogen peroxide as the terminal oxidant has been developed, The reaction features the mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope, metal-free catalysts, and sole byproduct water. A plausible mechanism for this process was proposed. Moreover, an antibacterial activity study was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial activities towards two Gram-negative bacterial strains （Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumonia） and two Gram-positive bacterial strains （Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus） using the Broth microdilution method.