Degradation of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol by an isolated high-efficiency bacterium strain

An aerobic bacterium strain, F-3-4, capable of effectively degrading 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol(2,6-DTBP), was isolated and screened out from an acrylic fiber wastewater and the biofilm in the wastewater treatment facilities. This strain was identified as Alcaligenes sp. through morphological, physiological and biochemical examinations. After cultivation, the strain was enhanced by 26.3% in its degradation capacity for 2,6-DTBP. Results indicated that the strain was able to utilize 2,6-DTBP, lysine, lactamine, citrate, n-utenedioic acid and malic acid as the sole carbon and energy source, alkalinize acetamide, asparagine, L-histidine, acetate, citrate and propionate, but failed to utilize glucose, D-fructose, D-seminose, D-xylose, serine and phenylalanine as the sole carbon and energy source. The optimal growth conditions were determined to be: temperature 37℃, pH 7.0, inoculum size 0.1% and shaker rotary speed 250 r/min. Under the optimal conditions, the degradation kinetics of 2,6-DTBP with an initial concentration of 100 mg/L was studied. Results indicated that 62.4% of 2,6-DTBP was removed after 11 d. The degradation kinetics could be expressed by Eckenfelder equation with a half life of 9.38 d. In addition, the initial concentration of 2,6-DTBP played an important role on the degradation ability of the strain. The maximum initial concentration of 2,6-DTBP was determined to be 200 mg/L. Above this level, the strain was overloaded and exhibited significant inhibition.

A strain-isolation design for stretchable electronics

Stretchable electronics represents a direction of recent development in next-generation semiconductor devices.Such systems have the potential to offer the performance of conventional wafer-based technologies,but they can be stretched like a rubber band,twisted like a rope, bent over a pencil,and folded like a piece of paper.Isolating the active devices from strains associated with such deformations is an important aspect of design.One strategy involves the shielding of the electronics from deformation of the substrate through insertion of a compliant adhesive layer. This paper establishes a simple,analytical model and validates the results by the finite element method.The results show that a relatively thick,compliant adhesive is effective to reduce the strain in the electronics,as is a relatively short film.

Mortality rates from a Nigerian isolate of the <i>Infectious Bursa Disease Virus</i>and passive haemagglutination antibody titer that protects chicks against challenge with the virus isolate

To determine passive haemagglutination (PHA) antibody titer that would protect chicks against Nigerian isolates of the Infectious Bursa Disease Virus (IBDV), five groups of chicks aged 30 days which had different antibody titers were challenged with a Nigerian isolate of virulent IBDV. Mortality rates of the different groups were plotted against their respective mean PHA antibody titers. A group with zero antibody titer had a mortality rate of 75% while those with PHA antibody titers of 185.6, 243.2, 256 and 307.2 had mortality rates of 40%, zero, zero and zero respectively. Linear equation generated for a line of best fit of the graph of mortality rates of the chicks on their IBD antibody titers gave antibody titer (X) at which mortality (Y) would be zero as 300. A mortality of 75% and the high antibody level needed to protect chicks suggest that the isolate may be a hypervirulent strain.

Isolation and Identification of a Specific cDNA Mapping to the Bam HI-I2 and -LFragments within the Inverted Repeats ofUnique Long Re-gion (IRL) in the Genom e ofMarek′s Disease Herpesvirus (MDV) Oncogenic Strain Beijing-1

Objective\ To understand the transcription of BamHI L DNA fragment from genome of strong virulent GA strain of Marek′s disease herpesvirus (MDV) in lymphoblastoid tumor tissue induced by oncogenic strain Beijing 1 (a specific local strain in China) of MDV. Methods\ Two oligonucleotide primers were synthesized according to the reported sequence of \%meq\% gene an ideal oncogenic candidate and our previously determined sequence of BamHI L fragment of Marek′s disease herpesvirus (MDV), respectively. Reverse transcriptase PCR(RT PCR) assay was performed by using these primers and the mRNA as a template which was isolated from visceral lymphoblastoid tumors obtained from chickens artificially infected with strain Beijing 1 of oncogenic MDV. Southern blot molecular hybridization was further carried out to detect the product of RT PCR with digoxigenin labeled nucleotide probe from BamHI I2 and L fragment in the gene library of MDV strain GA, respectively. Results\ Two probes could simultaneously hybridize this cDNA amplified by RT PCR with a length of about 730 bp. Conclusion\ It is suggested that \%meq\% transcription could extend from the right hand end of BamHI I2 to the adjacent BamHI L, and the BamHI L region was likely to be transcribed in MDV induced lymphoblastoid tumors.

Isolation,characterization and extraction of mer gene of Hg^(2+) resisting strain D_2

Mercury-resistant strain D2 was isolated from mercury-contaminated soil and investigations on its 16S rDNA sequence,growth,minimal inhibitory concentrations(MICs) of metals,antibiotic susceptibility and mer gene were conducted.The strain D2 can grow in the medium containing 60 mg/L mercury ion.It presents more than 99% identity of 16S rRNA gene with Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and exhibits high MIC values for heavy metals and a large spectrum antibiotics resistance.The mer RT gene sequence was amplified from chromosome.Strain D2 is identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the resistance to mercuric ion is related to chromosome.

Isolation and characterization of YNTC-1,a novel Alicyclobacillus sendaiensis strain

A heterotrophic acidothermophilic bacterial strain,YNTC-1,was isolated from an acidic hot spring in Tengchong,Yunan,China.YNTC-1 grows at pH value of 1.5-8.0 and temperature of 40-70℃,with optimal pH and temperature at 3.0 and 55℃,respectively.The cells of the strain are in shape of short rod,with 1.0-1.2μm in length and 0.7-0.8μm in diameter,and with distinct spores at both poles of each cell.The predominant fatty acids in cellular membrane of the strain are C18:1ω7c.16s rRNA gene analysis reveals that this strain is closely related to Alicyclobacillus sendaiensis,with over 99%sequence similarity.Based on phenotypic and genotypic analyses,YNTC-1 is identified as a member of A.sendaiensis.Considering some important morphological and biochemical differences between strain YNTC-1 and A.sendaiensis ATCC 27009T,YNTC-1 may be proposed to be a novel subspecies of A.sendaiensis.However,this viewpoint has to be confirmed by further studies.Co-bioleaching of pyrite and chalcopyrite with strain YN22,Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans,shows that strain YNTC-1 has no evident influence on bioleaching rates of these two sulphide minerals.

Isolation and Physiological Characterization of Synechococcus cedrorum 1191 Strain Tolerant to Heavy Metals and Pesticides

The toxicity of heavy metals (Hg2 + , Zn2 + ) and pesticides has been investigated by comparing the physiological properties in wild and tolerant strains of Synechococcus cedrorum 1191. The differential pattern of growth, absorption spectra of pigments and nutrient uptake was observed in tolerant strain.

Isolation, Purification, and Identification of a Novel HX-Producing Strain and Optimization of Its Fermentation Medium

Hexanoic acid (HX) is a crucial flavor compound and precursor of ethyl caproate (EA), which determines the quality of Chinese Luzhou-flavor liquor (CLFL). The isolation, purification, identification, and optimization of fermentation conditions of HX-producing bacteria are essential for industrial CLFL production. In this study, one strain of HX-producing bacterium was isolated from six candidate bacterial strains and identified as Clostridium sartagoneforme. Then, the growth characteristics and HX production of C. sartagoneforme were investigated. Sodium acetate medium was identified as the optimal fermentation medium from four candidate media. C. sartagoneforme yielded 800.85 ± 12.87 mg/100mL HX in sodium acetate medium. Then, to further optimize the formula of the fermentation medium, the carbon and nitrogen sources and inorganic salt component of the fermentation medium were investigated using HX yields as an optimization index. Optimization was performed with a single-factor experiment and the Taguchi design method. The single-factor experiment showed that the highest HX outputs were obtained when the sodium acetate medium contained 2.5 g/L yeast extract, 1.8 g/L KCl, 20 g/L sodium acetate, 15 mL/L ethanol, and 1.5 g/L glucose. In the orthogonal experiment designed using the Taguchi design method, HX yields reached 2018.29 ± 46.37 mg/100mL in sodium acetate medium that contained 3.5 g/L yeast extract, 1.8 g/L KCl, 25 g/L sodium acetate, and 15 mL/L ethanol.

Study on Isolation and Degradation Characteristics of an Aniline-degrading Strain

[Objective] The research aimed to screen out an efficient aniline-degrading strain and study its degradation characteristics. [Method] By domesticated enrichment culture, an efficient aniline-degrading strain named as DA-K was isolated from activated sludge sample collected from a chemical plant in Henan. DA-K could use aniline as the sole carbon and nitrogen sources. The strain was carried out physiological and biochemi- cal identification, and its biological degradation characteristics were studied. [ Result] DA-K strain was G - and red-shaped, and its colony color was off-white. It was initially determined as Acinetobacter sp. By measuring, the optimum growth temperature and pH for DA-K were respectively 30 ~C and 6.0. DA-K strain could grow well in inorganic salt medium with aniline of 2 500 mg/L. After shaking for 96 h under the conditions of pH 6.0, 30 ℃, 180 r/min and 1 000 mg/L of aniline, the degradation rate of the aniline by DA-K could reach nearly 80%. [ Conclusion] The DA-K strain had a higher aniline degradation efficiency and actual treatment capability of the aniline wastewater, which laid foundation for establishing gene engineerincl strain.

Frequency domain analysis of pre-stressed elastomeric vibration isolators

Two types of elastomeric vibration isolators used for equipment vibration isolation in aerospace vehicles are considered for the present study. These isolators are constructed using elastomers mounted in steel encasings. These isolators are initially deformed statically and dynamic loads are applied on the deformed configuration. To capture the static deformation, equivalent static load corresponding to its load rating and specified displacements are created. Static deformation is computed using Finite Element methods with four node axi-symmetric element which include the geometric non-linear effect for steel and with standard Yeoh hyper-elastic material model for elastomers(Muhammed and Zu, 2012) [1]. Yeoh material constants are derived from uni-axial tension test data of the elastomer specimen. These isolators are subjected to harmonic and random excitations in the pre-deformed state. For numerical analysis, elastomeric constants at dynamic conditions are obtained as complex function of frequency using Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer(DMA) for a range of frequencies. The standard material model of Yeoh is modified incorporating frequency dependant material characteristics and damping in the range of frequencies of interest. A multiplicative non-separable variables law is derived for Yeoh material model to include the effect of static pre-stress, based on the methodology given in literature(Nashif et al.,1985;Beda et al., 2014) [2,3]. The modifications of Yeoh model suitable for frequency domain analysis is the novelty in the present study. In the analysis, while dynamic loads are applied, the configuration is updated considering initial static loading. The frequency response of the isolators is computed using material properties evaluated at progressive dynamic strains until a match in natural frequency is observed. Appropriate damping corrections are then incorporated to match the test observed transmissibility. Then updated material properties are used to compute the random response which showed good agreement with results of experiments, validating the approach taken for the development of this model.

新型鹅细小病毒徐州分离株NGPV XZ-01的分离和致病性研究

为了研究2021年6月江苏徐州某商品半番鸭养殖场所发疾病的病原及其致病性,从该养殖场发病的半番鸭群中无菌采集肝脏、脾脏、肠道等临床样品,采用PCR方法对病原进行鉴定,将所采集样本处理后接种至非免疫鸭胚中,连续多次传代后,对鸭胚组织及尿囊液进行病理学、电镜检查及动物试验。结果显示:PCR检测结果鉴定为新型鹅细小病毒阳性;鸭胚尿囊液在电镜下观察到细小病毒粒子,胚体病理切片观察显示符合细小病毒所致病变;动物试验显示,攻毒试验鸭主要表现为生长发育明显受阻,大部分试验鸭成为“僵鸭”,于20日龄后陆续出现上下喙变短、舌头外露等症状,剖检病变主要为肠内容物稀薄及泄殖腔膨大,肠道组织切片观察显示肠绒毛上皮细胞坏死、脱落及部分肠腺坏死,符合鸭短喙侏儒综合征(short beak and dwarfism syndrome,SBDS)所致雏鸭的症状与病变。结果表明:该肉鸭养殖场所发疾病为SBDS,将该场分离的病毒命名为新型鹅细小病毒徐州分离株(NGPV XZ-01株)。

两株耐热有机质降解芽孢杆菌分离鉴定

试验旨在筛选得到耐高温可降解多种有机质的芽孢杆菌。在中国农业科学院特产研究所左家试验基地采集貉子粪堆样,经富集培养后在高温条件下分离得到两株芽孢杆菌,通过形态学鉴定、生理生化试验、16S rRNA测序分析确定分离株种属,并对分离菌株进行生长曲线、抗逆性、耐药性和有机质分解测试。结果表明:两株芽孢杆菌分别为解硫胺素芽孢杆菌(ZJFD007)和暹罗芽孢杆菌(ZJFD011),具有较好的生长性能、耐高温和蛋白质水解能力,其中暹罗芽孢杆菌表现出对pH变化的适应性、耐盐以及水解蛋白质、淀粉、纤维素的能力,药敏试验显示,两株分离株均对多黏菌素B耐药,解硫铵素芽孢杆菌还对丁胺卡那、卡那霉素耐药,暹罗芽孢杆菌还对青霉素、氨苄西林、哌拉西林和呋喃唑酮具耐药性。表明两株芽孢杆菌在制备有机废弃物降解高效复合菌剂上,具有良好的应用前景和经济价值。

高效氟氯氰菊酯降解菌的分离与降解特性研究

[目的]筛选降解高效氟氯氰菊酯(β-CF)的微生物菌种资源,并研究其降解特性。[方法]利用梯度压力驯化法,从曾使用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的土壤中富集筛选降解β-CF的候选菌株,通过形态学和基于16S rRNA基因序列系统发育分析鉴定其分类地位,采用单因素试验研究菌株对β-CF的耐受性和降解特性。[结果]筛选获得1株以β-CF为唯一碳源生长、环境适应能力强的细菌GM4,经鉴定该菌为嗜油不动杆菌(Acinetobacter oleivorans)。菌株GM4对β-CF的耐受浓度可以达到600 mg/L,在初始浓度50 mg/L、pH 8.0、接菌量10%、温度28℃条件下培养48 h后,对β-CF降解率为99.44%。[结论]菌株GM4能高效降解β-CF,是环境中β-CF类农药残留生物修复的优良种质资源。

天名精内生真菌的分离鉴定及抗肝癌活性研究

目的对天名精内生真菌进行分离和鉴定,并从中筛选出具有抗肝癌作用的活性菌株,为寻找新的抗肝癌先导化合物提供菌株资源。方法采用植物组织切块法和平板划线法对天名精内生真菌进行分离纯化;MTT法筛选对肝癌HepG2细胞增殖具有抑制作用的活性菌株,并计算活性显著内生真菌的IC50值;运用形态学鉴定和分子鉴定的方法对活性菌株进行鉴定。结果从天名精中共分离得到60株内生真菌,其中TMJ-03、TMJ-13、TMJ-15、TMJ-23、TMJ-54为活性内生真菌,其发酵物抑制HepG2细胞增殖的IC50值分别为19.49(TMJ-C-03)、31.13(TMJ-C-13)、88.65(TMJ-C-15)、37.42(TMJ-D-23)、17.22(TMJ-D-54)、32.72(TMJ-C-54)μg·mL^(-1)。5株活性菌株均鉴定到种,分别为Aspergillus terreus、Chaetomium globosum、Alternaria tillandsiae、Fusarium proliferatum、Alternaria arborescens。结论首次从天名精中筛选出对HepG2细胞增殖具有抑制作用的活性内生真菌,为寻找新的抗肝癌药物提供了菌株资源。

苦草附生细菌的分离鉴定及高效功能菌株筛选

为探究沉水植物附生细菌的功能特性,选取苦草(Vallisneria natans)在室内配置模拟污水进行菌群驯化,分离苦草根、叶际附生细菌进行筛选,结合16S rRNA基因序列分析鉴定结果,共分离纯化和保藏172株菌株(分布于5个门、15个目、42个属),其中根际分离菌107株,叶际分离菌65株.将分离得到的5个门、30个属、47个种的82株代表性菌株进行脱氮、解磷释磷、产吲哚乙酸(IAA)和去除有机物功能验证实验.最终筛选到高效氨氮去除菌10株、硝氮去除菌9株、解无机磷菌12株、解有机磷菌11株、产IAA菌11株及去除有机物菌10株.苦草根、叶际可培养微生物多样性较为丰富,该研究中筛选到的高效功能菌丰富了对苦草附生微生物资源的认识,为沉水植物合成菌群的研制和应用奠定基础.

一株猪流行性腹泻病毒变异株的分离、鉴定与全基因组序列分析

江苏省某猪场疑似发生猪流行性腹泻(Porcine epidemic diarrhea,PED),采集病料后,经RT-PCR检测PEDV呈阳性。病毒感染Vero细胞能够引起明显的细胞病变,间接免疫荧光鉴定结果显示病毒感染细胞后能被抗PEDV N蛋白的特异性单克隆抗体识别。通过全基因组序列分析,鉴定该毒株为PEDV G2b亚型变异株,并将其命名为PEDV JS-B株。

产微生物絮凝剂菌株的分离及絮凝特性研究

从某环保公司的污水处理设备好氧活性污泥和广西民族大学思源湖周边土壤中共分离出64个株菌,经过初筛和复筛得到14个絮凝率大于50%的株菌,最后对其中3个絮凝率最高的菌株进行了鉴定,分别属于蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)、阿氏芽孢杆菌(Priestia aryabhattai)、拉尔宽假单胞菌(Pseudomonas lalkuanensis)。每50 mL 2.5 g/L高岭土悬液只需投加1.0 mL发酵液,蜡状芽孢杆菌在发酵时间为36 h、发酵pH为7.0时,絮凝率最高可达87.7%;阿氏芽孢杆菌在发酵时间为48 h、发酵pH为7.0时,絮凝率最高可达91.1%;拉尔宽假单胞菌在发酵时间为84 h、发酵pH为8.0时,絮凝率最高可达91.0%。3个产微生物絮凝剂菌株发酵条件比较温和,所需发酵液投加量少,表现出较高的絮凝率。因此,3个产微生物絮凝剂菌株具有实现工业化生产的潜在价值。

降解亚硝酸盐菌株Bacillus velezensis GXMZU-B1的筛选、条件优化及初步应用

为解决高密度养殖引起的亚硝酸盐危害,筛选高效降解菌。从防城港虾塘采集水体和淤泥样品,先通过亚甲基蓝、碳酸钙平板初筛及亚硝酸盐降解效果复筛,选出降解效果最优的菌株,并进行生理生化及16S rRNA鉴定;进一步对菌株降解亚硝酸盐的温度、初始pH及无机盐等条件进行优化,最后对该菌株的安全性及其处理养殖高浓度亚硝酸盐尾水的能力进行了研究。结果表明,从初筛的53株菌中复筛得到1株对0.5 g·L^(-1)亚硝酸盐降解效率可达98%的菌株,并将其鉴定命名为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis GXMZU-B1);该菌株降解亚硝酸盐的最优条件为:温度30℃、pH 6~7、无需添加无机盐,接种发酵12 h对0.5 g·L^(-1)亚硝酸盐的降解可达98%以上;该菌株24 h可将养殖尾水中(28.73±1.08)mg·L^(-1)的亚硝酸盐几乎完全降解。菌株的安全性试验表明,该菌株不产生溶血圈,对常见抗生素敏感。综上所述,菌株B.velezensis GXMZU-B1具有高效降解亚硝酸盐的能力,且对环境安全,为高密度工厂化养殖中亚硝酸盐的积累问题提供了新的解决思路。

差分式声表面波温度应变复合传感器

基于声表面波理论和微扰理论,提出了并研制由3个谐振器组成的差分式声表面波温度应变复合传感器。通过有限元分析软件对AT切和XY切的两种声表面波谐振器进行了仿真,根据其频率-应变响应和频率-温度响应,设计并研制了能够进行温度补偿和应力应变补偿的温度应变传感器,传感器的应力测量灵敏度为100 Hz/με,,温度测量灵敏度为80 kHz/℃。该传感器成功应用到了隔离开关的状态监测。现场测试表明,该传感器对隔离开关触指温度和应变的检测可实现对隔离开关工作状态的有效判别,在未来的电力系统设备在线检测中具有重要的应用前景。

肉鸡源传染性法氏囊病新型重排毒株的分离鉴定及遗传进化分析

[目的]明确云南某肉鸡场疑似传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)感染病例的病原类型及分子特征,以了解IBDV新型重排毒株在肉鸡中的流行情况、分子进化趋势,为制定有效的传染性法氏囊病(IBD)防控和疫苗选用策略提供参考依据。[方法]对疑似IBDV感染的病鸡法氏囊进行研磨处理后,采用巢式RT-PCR进行检测,后将IBDV阳性的法氏囊组织悬液接种于9日龄SPF鸡胚并进行病毒分离,对病毒的vVP2和VP1-b基因扩增并进行遗传变异分析。[结果]成功分离出一株新型IBDV重排毒株(命名为YN-YX221110),接种9日龄SPF鸡胚后,胚体整体呈现弥漫性出血,头、颈以及背部皮肤有出血点。基于vVP2基因序列,分离株YN-YX221110与新型变异株(nvIBDV)参考株的核苷酸相似性最高,为93.2%~97.9%,分离株YN-YX221110的vVP2基因222A特征性氨基酸位点与UK661、HK46等超强毒株(vvIBDV)参考株相同,249K、256V、279N、284A、294L、299S等位点与新型变异株(nvIBDV)参考株中的SHG19相同;在基于vVP2基因的遗传进化树中,分离株YN-YX221110与GX-QZ191002、SHG19等nvIBDV参考株聚为一支,属于A2d分支。基于VP1-b基因序列,分离株YN-YX221110与参考株中的经典毒株(cIBDV)类似株核苷酸相似性最高,为97.8%~98.4%,分离株YN-YX221110的vVP2基因特征性氨基酸位点240D、242D、287T、390L和393E与致弱毒株(attIBDV)参考株中的B87、Gt相同;在基于VP1-b基因序列的系统发育进化树中,分离株YN-YX221110与参考株Gt、B87和CEF94等cIBDV类似株中的attIBDV聚为一支,属于B1a分支。分离株YN-YX221110基因型为A2dB1a。[结论]成功分离得到肉鸡源IBDV分离株YN-YX221110,其A片段来源于nvIBDV,B片段来源于cIBDV类似株中的attIBDV,为新型IBDV重排毒株。