Mixed symmetry states are studied in the framework of the neutron-proton interacting boson model. It is found that some of the mixed symmetry states with moderate high spins change very fast with respect to the Majora...Mixed symmetry states are studied in the framework of the neutron-proton interacting boson model. It is found that some of the mixed symmetry states with moderate high spins change very fast with respect to the Majorana interaction. Under certain conditions, they become the yrast state or yrare state. These states are difficult to decay and become very stable. This study suggests that a possible new mode of isomers may exist due to the special nature in their proton and neutron degrees of freedom.展开更多
B3LYP/6-31＋＋G＊＊ method was applied to investigate the mechanism of alanine isomerization.12 minima and 22 transition states were obtained after optimization and several paths of isomerization were found.It is foun...B3LYP/6-31＋＋G＊＊ method was applied to investigate the mechanism of alanine isomerization.12 minima and 22 transition states were obtained after optimization and several paths of isomerization were found.It is found that intramolecular single-bond rotation and proton transfer might lead to isomerization.The energy barrier of C–N bond rotation was lower than 2.52 kcal·mol 1,while the energy barrier ranges of the rotation of C–C and C–O were separately 0.43~ 7.01 and 4.69~12.19 kcal·mol 1,and the minimum energy barrier of proton transfer was 30.76 kcal·mol 1.The most probable isomerization path and mechanism for the two most stable conformations was discussed to find that the highest energy barrier to be crossed in this path was 11.87 kcal·mol 1.In order to understand the microscopic nature why only 4 conformations were detected in the experiment,thermodynamic properties of all conformations at the experimental temperature of 391 K was calculated.It is found that conformations XII,XI,X and IX can only unidirectionally convert into conformations rapidly with low energy and vanish immediately.The other conformations were distributed according to Maxwell-Boltzman＇s law,and the distribution probabilities of conformations I,II,III,IV,V,VI,VII and VIII were respectively 27.2%,26.5%,25.8%,6.4%,5.2%,4.8%,2.5% and 1.6%.Conformations I,II and III with bigger probability and stronger absorption peak were easy to detect in the experiment.Conformation IV had a relatively smaller probability（6.4%） and weak absorption peak which,however,could also be identified.The other conformations had too small probability to identify in the spectrum.展开更多
The structure and mechanism of isomerization of CH3SB have been studied by using DFT method at the B3LYP/6-311G** level. The computational results reveal that the energy of singlet state of CH3SB is lower than that ...The structure and mechanism of isomerization of CH3SB have been studied by using DFT method at the B3LYP/6-311G** level. The computational results reveal that the energy of singlet state of CH3SB is lower than that of triplet state, so the former should be the ground state. Two transition states of isomerization of singlet state of CH3SB have been determined at the B3L-YP/6- 311G** level, too. The methyl linked to sulfur atom is first transferring to the boron atom, to which the hydrogen atom of methyl is then transferring. According to the results of this paper, reaction paths of isomerizations of CH3SB are studied thoroughly with IRC method.展开更多
Ab initio Hartree-Fock theory at the aug-cc-pvtz level is used to investigate the equilibrium structures and isomerization of HSOF system. All of the transition states have been calculated and confirmed by the intri...Ab initio Hartree-Fock theory at the aug-cc-pvtz level is used to investigate the equilibrium structures and isomerization of HSOF system. All of the transition states have been calculated and confirmed by the intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC). Four equilibrium structures, HSOF, HOSF, SO(H)F and OS(H)F, are predicted in this paper. Though OSF2 has been observed experimentally, the present calculated results suggest that the linear form isomer, HOSF, is more stable than OS(H)F by 35.2 kJ/mol. The linear form HSOF and the branched SO(H)F isomer are more unstable and the computed relative energies are 318.3 and 510.0 kJ/mol, respectively with respect to HOSF isomer corrected with zero point vibrational energy.展开更多
Thorium-229 possesses the lowest first nuclear excited state,with an energy of approximately 8 eV.The extremely narrow linewidth of the first nuclear excited state,with an uncertainty of 53 THz,prevents direct laser e...Thorium-229 possesses the lowest first nuclear excited state,with an energy of approximately 8 eV.The extremely narrow linewidth of the first nuclear excited state,with an uncertainty of 53 THz,prevents direct laser excitation and realization of the nuclear clock.We present a proposal using the Coulomb crystal of a linear chain formed by229Th^(3+)ions,where the nuclei of229Th3+ions in the ion trap are excited by the electronic bridge(EB)process.The 7 P1∕2state of the thorium-229 nuclear ground state is chosen for EB excitation.Using the two-level optical Bloch equation under experimental conditions,we calculate that 2 out of 36 prepared thorium ions in the Coulomb crystal can be excited to the first nuclear excited state,and it takes approximately 2 h to scan over an uncertainty of 0.22 eV.Taking advantage of the transition enhancement of EB and the long stability of the Coulomb crystal,the energy uncertainty of the first excited state can be limited to the order of 1 GHz.展开更多
The localized molecular orbital (LMO) theory is used to study the reaction mechanism of the isomerization reaction: H3PO→H2POH. The energy transition state (TS) of the reaction is also obtained by Powell’s mehtod us...The localized molecular orbital (LMO) theory is used to study the reaction mechanism of the isomerization reaction: H3PO→H2POH. The energy transition state (TS) of the reaction is also obtained by Powell’s mehtod using 6-31G basis set. The resluts show that the lone pair electrons of oxygen atom play an forortant role in this reaction.展开更多
文摘Mixed symmetry states are studied in the framework of the neutron-proton interacting boson model. It is found that some of the mixed symmetry states with moderate high spins change very fast with respect to the Majorana interaction. Under certain conditions, they become the yrast state or yrare state. These states are difficult to decay and become very stable. This study suggests that a possible new mode of isomers may exist due to the special nature in their proton and neutron degrees of freedom.
基金Sponsored by the Tangshan Key Laboratory Project of New Technology in Biology and Chemistry(12150224B-2)Scientific Research Foundation Project of Tangshan Normal College(2013D02)
文摘B3LYP/6-31＋＋G＊＊ method was applied to investigate the mechanism of alanine isomerization.12 minima and 22 transition states were obtained after optimization and several paths of isomerization were found.It is found that intramolecular single-bond rotation and proton transfer might lead to isomerization.The energy barrier of C–N bond rotation was lower than 2.52 kcal·mol 1,while the energy barrier ranges of the rotation of C–C and C–O were separately 0.43~ 7.01 and 4.69~12.19 kcal·mol 1,and the minimum energy barrier of proton transfer was 30.76 kcal·mol 1.The most probable isomerization path and mechanism for the two most stable conformations was discussed to find that the highest energy barrier to be crossed in this path was 11.87 kcal·mol 1.In order to understand the microscopic nature why only 4 conformations were detected in the experiment,thermodynamic properties of all conformations at the experimental temperature of 391 K was calculated.It is found that conformations XII,XI,X and IX can only unidirectionally convert into conformations rapidly with low energy and vanish immediately.The other conformations were distributed according to Maxwell-Boltzman＇s law,and the distribution probabilities of conformations I,II,III,IV,V,VI,VII and VIII were respectively 27.2%,26.5%,25.8%,6.4%,5.2%,4.8%,2.5% and 1.6%.Conformations I,II and III with bigger probability and stronger absorption peak were easy to detect in the experiment.Conformation IV had a relatively smaller probability（6.4%） and weak absorption peak which,however,could also be identified.The other conformations had too small probability to identify in the spectrum.
文摘The structure and mechanism of isomerization of CH3SB have been studied by using DFT method at the B3LYP/6-311G** level. The computational results reveal that the energy of singlet state of CH3SB is lower than that of triplet state, so the former should be the ground state. Two transition states of isomerization of singlet state of CH3SB have been determined at the B3L-YP/6- 311G** level, too. The methyl linked to sulfur atom is first transferring to the boron atom, to which the hydrogen atom of methyl is then transferring. According to the results of this paper, reaction paths of isomerizations of CH3SB are studied thoroughly with IRC method.
基金The project was supported by the Fujian Provincial Department of Education (JA03020)and the Provincial Administration of Science and Technology of Fujian (2001J018)
文摘Ab initio Hartree-Fock theory at the aug-cc-pvtz level is used to investigate the equilibrium structures and isomerization of HSOF system. All of the transition states have been calculated and confirmed by the intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC). Four equilibrium structures, HSOF, HOSF, SO(H)F and OS(H)F, are predicted in this paper. Though OSF2 has been observed experimentally, the present calculated results suggest that the linear form isomer, HOSF, is more stable than OS(H)F by 35.2 kJ/mol. The linear form HSOF and the branched SO(H)F isomer are more unstable and the computed relative energies are 318.3 and 510.0 kJ/mol, respectively with respect to HOSF isomer corrected with zero point vibrational energy.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11804372).
文摘Thorium-229 possesses the lowest first nuclear excited state,with an energy of approximately 8 eV.The extremely narrow linewidth of the first nuclear excited state,with an uncertainty of 53 THz,prevents direct laser excitation and realization of the nuclear clock.We present a proposal using the Coulomb crystal of a linear chain formed by229Th^(3+)ions,where the nuclei of229Th3+ions in the ion trap are excited by the electronic bridge(EB)process.The 7 P1∕2state of the thorium-229 nuclear ground state is chosen for EB excitation.Using the two-level optical Bloch equation under experimental conditions,we calculate that 2 out of 36 prepared thorium ions in the Coulomb crystal can be excited to the first nuclear excited state,and it takes approximately 2 h to scan over an uncertainty of 0.22 eV.Taking advantage of the transition enhancement of EB and the long stability of the Coulomb crystal,the energy uncertainty of the first excited state can be limited to the order of 1 GHz.
文摘The localized molecular orbital (LMO) theory is used to study the reaction mechanism of the isomerization reaction: H3PO→H2POH. The energy transition state (TS) of the reaction is also obtained by Powell’s mehtod using 6-31G basis set. The resluts show that the lone pair electrons of oxygen atom play an forortant role in this reaction.
