In order to study the regularity of the vertical distribution of droplet deposition on rice plants during pesticide spraying operated by a low-flying multi-rotor plant protection unmanned aviation vehicle(UAV),water-s...In order to study the regularity of the vertical distribution of droplet deposition on rice plants during pesticide spraying operated by a low-flying multi-rotor plant protection unmanned aviation vehicle(UAV),water-sensitive spray cards were placed on the leaves at the top,in the middle,and at the bottom of rice plants to acquire data on droplet deposition.In this study,a suspension containing tricylazole and hexaconazole was used in the spraying.The water-sensitive spray cards were analyzed by the droplet deposition processing software iDAS to obtain the vertical distribution of the droplets sprayed by the plant protection UAV.The results showed that (1)significant variation was found in the coverage of the droplets in different vertical positions of the rice plants.Within the effective spray width,the best coverage of the droplets was found in the area just below the rotors,whereas the coverage of areas farther away from the rotors was poor.For the different vertical positions of the rice plants,the overall droplet coverage was 58.38%at the top,33.55%in the middle,and 11.34%at the bottom of the plants;(2)for all vertical positions,the average size of the droplets ranged between 110μm and 140μm,which was suitable for the control of plant diseases and insect pests.The highest droplet density was found at the top of the plants,and the distribution of the droplet density was similar in the middle and at the bottom of the rice plants;(3)the diffusion ratio at the top of the rice plants(0.84)was better than that in the middle(0.57)and at the bottom(0.37).The overall relative span could meet the requirements for the actual application.Except for the position in the middle of the plants,the relative span for the other positions of the plants was over 0.67,which is the standard value.This study demonstrated the distribution regularity of droplet deposition along with the vertical direction of rice plants during UAV-based spraying,which is of guiding significance for the use of UAVs in plant protection,the improvement of chemical utilization efficiency,and the reduction of pesticide and fertilizer pollution.展开更多
叶绿素相对含量(soil and plant analyzer development,SPAD)是评价水稻健康状况的重要农学参数,为了解决传统监测方法工作量大,效率低的问题,以东北粳稻为研究对象,采用不同施肥处理开展小区试验,利用无人机低空遥感技术分别获取水稻...叶绿素相对含量(soil and plant analyzer development,SPAD)是评价水稻健康状况的重要农学参数,为了解决传统监测方法工作量大,效率低的问题,以东北粳稻为研究对象,采用不同施肥处理开展小区试验,利用无人机低空遥感技术分别获取水稻分蘖期、拔节孕穗期、抽穗灌浆期水稻冠层高清数码影像,同时利用叶绿素仪测量水稻冠层SPAD值,并对无人机高清数码影像反演SPAD的可行性及方法进行研究。结合k-means聚类和阈值分割的方法去除背景提取出水稻叶片的RGB值,构建出R、G、B及G/R、G/B、B/R、R-B、G-R、NRI、NGI、NBI共11种颜色参数,并分别用11种参数和水稻叶片SPAD做相关性分析,分析结果表明NRI、B/R、R-B 3种参数和SPAD值高度相关。分别采用一元线性回归分析法和BP神经网络法对3种参数和SPAD的关系进行建模并对建模精度进行分析。结果表明:无人机高清影像反演SPAD是可行的,其中一元线性回归分析中,NRI和SPAD的建模精度高于B/R和R-B,均方根误差(RMSE)为1.51;基于NRI、B/R和R-B的多特征输入的BP神经网络预测粳稻SPAD的RMSE为1.354,相比基于NRI的一元线性回归分析模型精度提升11%,BP模型能较好地对东北粳稻的SPAD进行反演,能为无人机低空遥感反演粳稻SPAD提供理论依据和实现方法。展开更多
基金supported by the Key R&D Program of Liaoning Province(2020JH2/10200038)the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0200700).
文摘In order to study the regularity of the vertical distribution of droplet deposition on rice plants during pesticide spraying operated by a low-flying multi-rotor plant protection unmanned aviation vehicle(UAV),water-sensitive spray cards were placed on the leaves at the top,in the middle,and at the bottom of rice plants to acquire data on droplet deposition.In this study,a suspension containing tricylazole and hexaconazole was used in the spraying.The water-sensitive spray cards were analyzed by the droplet deposition processing software iDAS to obtain the vertical distribution of the droplets sprayed by the plant protection UAV.The results showed that (1)significant variation was found in the coverage of the droplets in different vertical positions of the rice plants.Within the effective spray width,the best coverage of the droplets was found in the area just below the rotors,whereas the coverage of areas farther away from the rotors was poor.For the different vertical positions of the rice plants,the overall droplet coverage was 58.38%at the top,33.55%in the middle,and 11.34%at the bottom of the plants;(2)for all vertical positions,the average size of the droplets ranged between 110μm and 140μm,which was suitable for the control of plant diseases and insect pests.The highest droplet density was found at the top of the plants,and the distribution of the droplet density was similar in the middle and at the bottom of the rice plants;(3)the diffusion ratio at the top of the rice plants(0.84)was better than that in the middle(0.57)and at the bottom(0.37).The overall relative span could meet the requirements for the actual application.Except for the position in the middle of the plants,the relative span for the other positions of the plants was over 0.67,which is the standard value.This study demonstrated the distribution regularity of droplet deposition along with the vertical direction of rice plants during UAV-based spraying,which is of guiding significance for the use of UAVs in plant protection,the improvement of chemical utilization efficiency,and the reduction of pesticide and fertilizer pollution.