In plateau region of Yunnan Province, japonica rice-growing areas are characterized by high altitude, heavy rain in summer, low temperature and insuffi- cient accumulated temperature in grain-filling stage. In view of...In plateau region of Yunnan Province, japonica rice-growing areas are characterized by high altitude, heavy rain in summer, low temperature and insuffi- cient accumulated temperature in grain-filling stage. In view of the characteristics above, the breeding of japonica soft rice was carried out. In this paper, the yield and quality characteristics of japonica soft rice cultivars bred recently in Yunnan Province were analyzed. The results showed that there was no difference in milling quality, but there were great differences in chemical indexes between soft rice and japonica rice, such as amylose content. For example, in soft rice, the amylose con- tent was significantly lower, but the protein content, gel consistency and taste meter value were significantly higher compared with those in japonica rice. However, there was no significant difference in alkali digestion value between soft rice and japonica rice. The starch RVA profile characteristics of soft rice were significantly better than those of japonica rice. The RVA starch profile of soft rice showed higher maximum viscosity, lower minimum viscosity, higher breakdown value, lower final viscosity, lower setback value and shorter time to reach the maximum viscosity （P〈0.05, P〈 0.01）. The analysis of yield and yield components showed that the yield of japonica soft rice was still lower than that of the control cultivar, which might be caused by weaker tillering capacity, less grains per panicle and lower 1 000-grain weight. In addition, the approaches to improve grain quality and yield of japonica soft rice were also discussed.展开更多
Mechanical transplanting with carpet seedlings(MC) and mechanical direct seeding(MD) are newly developed planting methods, which increase in popularity and planted area each year. Knowing the difference for yield and ...Mechanical transplanting with carpet seedlings(MC) and mechanical direct seeding(MD) are newly developed planting methods, which increase in popularity and planted area each year. Knowing the difference for yield and rice quality under different planting methods is of great importance for the development of high quality and yield cultivation techniques under mechanical conditions. Therefore, three kinds of japonica rice including hybrid japonica rice, inbreed japonica rice, and soft rice were adopted as materials. And the differences in the quality of processing, appearance, cooking and eating quality, nutrition, and the rapid viscosity analyzer(RVA) profile were studied to reveal the effects of planting methods on yield and quality of different types of japonica rice. Results showed that the milled rice and head rice rates under MC was significantly higher than those under MD, and the processing quality of inbreed japonica rice was the most stable. Compared with MC, length/width ratio of rice under MD was significantly increased, and chalkiness rate, size, and degree were significantly decreased. The protein content under MD was lower than that under MC. MC showed higher peak viscosity and breakdown value than MD. The taste value was the greatest for soft rice, followed by inbreed japonica rice, and then by japonica hybrid rice, with no significant differences resulting from planting methods. Compared with MC, MD significantly improved the appearance quality, though processing quality and nutritional quality were decreased. And there was no significant difference in cooking and eating quality between MC and MD. Under different planting methods, the appearance quality of inbreed japonica rice changed the most and the processing quality was the most stable. The nutritional, cooking and eating quality of soft rice changed the least. Therefore, according to the different planting methods and market needs, selecting the appropriate rice varieties can reduce the risks in rice production and achieve good rice quality.展开更多
基金Supported by Project of Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department(2012BB013)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(2014AA10A603)Technology Innovation Training Project of Yunnan Province(2010CI075)~~
文摘In plateau region of Yunnan Province, japonica rice-growing areas are characterized by high altitude, heavy rain in summer, low temperature and insuffi- cient accumulated temperature in grain-filling stage. In view of the characteristics above, the breeding of japonica soft rice was carried out. In this paper, the yield and quality characteristics of japonica soft rice cultivars bred recently in Yunnan Province were analyzed. The results showed that there was no difference in milling quality, but there were great differences in chemical indexes between soft rice and japonica rice, such as amylose content. For example, in soft rice, the amylose con- tent was significantly lower, but the protein content, gel consistency and taste meter value were significantly higher compared with those in japonica rice. However, there was no significant difference in alkali digestion value between soft rice and japonica rice. The starch RVA profile characteristics of soft rice were significantly better than those of japonica rice. The RVA starch profile of soft rice showed higher maximum viscosity, lower minimum viscosity, higher breakdown value, lower final viscosity, lower setback value and shorter time to reach the maximum viscosity （P〈0.05, P〈 0.01）. The analysis of yield and yield components showed that the yield of japonica soft rice was still lower than that of the control cultivar, which might be caused by weaker tillering capacity, less grains per panicle and lower 1 000-grain weight. In addition, the approaches to improve grain quality and yield of japonica soft rice were also discussed.
基金grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0300503)the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-01-27)+2 种基金the Key Research Program of Jiangsu Province,China(BE2016344)the earmarked fund for Jiangsu Agricultural Industry Technology System,China(JATS[2018]298)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China
文摘Mechanical transplanting with carpet seedlings(MC) and mechanical direct seeding(MD) are newly developed planting methods, which increase in popularity and planted area each year. Knowing the difference for yield and rice quality under different planting methods is of great importance for the development of high quality and yield cultivation techniques under mechanical conditions. Therefore, three kinds of japonica rice including hybrid japonica rice, inbreed japonica rice, and soft rice were adopted as materials. And the differences in the quality of processing, appearance, cooking and eating quality, nutrition, and the rapid viscosity analyzer(RVA) profile were studied to reveal the effects of planting methods on yield and quality of different types of japonica rice. Results showed that the milled rice and head rice rates under MC was significantly higher than those under MD, and the processing quality of inbreed japonica rice was the most stable. Compared with MC, length/width ratio of rice under MD was significantly increased, and chalkiness rate, size, and degree were significantly decreased. The protein content under MD was lower than that under MC. MC showed higher peak viscosity and breakdown value than MD. The taste value was the greatest for soft rice, followed by inbreed japonica rice, and then by japonica hybrid rice, with no significant differences resulting from planting methods. Compared with MC, MD significantly improved the appearance quality, though processing quality and nutritional quality were decreased. And there was no significant difference in cooking and eating quality between MC and MD. Under different planting methods, the appearance quality of inbreed japonica rice changed the most and the processing quality was the most stable. The nutritional, cooking and eating quality of soft rice changed the least. Therefore, according to the different planting methods and market needs, selecting the appropriate rice varieties can reduce the risks in rice production and achieve good rice quality.
