Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a depression prevention program based on stress inoculation training (SIT) for workers of two private companies, by means of a randomized controlled trial...Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a depression prevention program based on stress inoculation training (SIT) for workers of two private companies, by means of a randomized controlled trial. Method: Ninety three workers of two private companies were assigned to intervention and control groups, and two sessions were conducted in the intervention group of each company at an interval of four weeks. The sessions included lectures on responses to stress and coping skills, problem-solving training, cognitive restructuring training, relaxation, group discussions and self-monitoring. After completing the sessions, two follow-up letters were sent to the participants at two-month intervals. Data from 38 intervention subjects and 39 control subjects were analyzed. Results: There were no major differences between the variables of intervention subjects and control subjects. After two sessions, there was a marginally significant increase of seeking social support in the intervention group (P = 0.052) and a significant decrease of avoidance in both groups (P < 0.05). Concerning the depression score changes, the “Improvement” group of the intervention subjects showed an adjusted OR of 6.83 that was higher compared to the control group, indicating a marginally significant difference (P = 0.083). Conclusion: The results suggest the possibility that the SIT-based program of this study was effective for improving coping and preventing depression. Further research is necessary to develop a depression prevention program adjusted to gender, individual, occupational and other differences of subjects.展开更多
Research studies conducted in the healthcare sector usually examine patients’ and workers’ wellbeing as separate entities;however, recent studies have revealed significant correlations between, for example, patient ...Research studies conducted in the healthcare sector usually examine patients’ and workers’ wellbeing as separate entities;however, recent studies have revealed significant correlations between, for example, patient satisfaction, workers stress and burnout. The present study examines the relationships between patient perceived quality of care (in terms of satisfaction with regard to accessibility, organizational efficiency and humaneness of care), and workers’ perceived quality of organizational life (in term of organizational support and availability of resource and reward), quality of relationship in the work-unit (superior and coworkers), quality of relationship with patients (disproportionate client expectations and customer verbal aggression) and individual health (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, job satisfaction). 147 workers and 132 patients from seven hospital wards in northern Italy constitute the data base for the study. Analyses showed that accessibility and humaneness of care were negatively associated with disproportionate patient expectations, patient verbal aggression, emotional exhaustion and positively associated with availability of material recourses. Moreover, accessibility was also positively associated with the organizational support while organizational efficiency with support from colleagues. Globally, the results of the present study confirm that staff wellbeing is an essential aspect in relation to the patient perception of the quality of care and supporting the assumption that healthy organizations improve the wellbeing of their workers, their organizational performance and the quality of their service at the same time.展开更多
Job burnout is a hot topic in the fields of organizational behavior and human resource management these days. In the west countries, the past 25 years of research has established the complexity of the theory construct...Job burnout is a hot topic in the fields of organizational behavior and human resource management these days. In the west countries, the past 25 years of research has established the complexity of the theory construct, and place the individual burnout experience within a lager organizational context of people’s relation to their work. Recently, with the development of research, the theory on job burnout has a trend of expanding. This article briefly describes and reviews three important theories of job burnout, and discusses the new progress of the theory.展开更多
文摘Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a depression prevention program based on stress inoculation training (SIT) for workers of two private companies, by means of a randomized controlled trial. Method: Ninety three workers of two private companies were assigned to intervention and control groups, and two sessions were conducted in the intervention group of each company at an interval of four weeks. The sessions included lectures on responses to stress and coping skills, problem-solving training, cognitive restructuring training, relaxation, group discussions and self-monitoring. After completing the sessions, two follow-up letters were sent to the participants at two-month intervals. Data from 38 intervention subjects and 39 control subjects were analyzed. Results: There were no major differences between the variables of intervention subjects and control subjects. After two sessions, there was a marginally significant increase of seeking social support in the intervention group (P = 0.052) and a significant decrease of avoidance in both groups (P < 0.05). Concerning the depression score changes, the “Improvement” group of the intervention subjects showed an adjusted OR of 6.83 that was higher compared to the control group, indicating a marginally significant difference (P = 0.083). Conclusion: The results suggest the possibility that the SIT-based program of this study was effective for improving coping and preventing depression. Further research is necessary to develop a depression prevention program adjusted to gender, individual, occupational and other differences of subjects.
文摘Research studies conducted in the healthcare sector usually examine patients’ and workers’ wellbeing as separate entities;however, recent studies have revealed significant correlations between, for example, patient satisfaction, workers stress and burnout. The present study examines the relationships between patient perceived quality of care (in terms of satisfaction with regard to accessibility, organizational efficiency and humaneness of care), and workers’ perceived quality of organizational life (in term of organizational support and availability of resource and reward), quality of relationship in the work-unit (superior and coworkers), quality of relationship with patients (disproportionate client expectations and customer verbal aggression) and individual health (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, job satisfaction). 147 workers and 132 patients from seven hospital wards in northern Italy constitute the data base for the study. Analyses showed that accessibility and humaneness of care were negatively associated with disproportionate patient expectations, patient verbal aggression, emotional exhaustion and positively associated with availability of material recourses. Moreover, accessibility was also positively associated with the organizational support while organizational efficiency with support from colleagues. Globally, the results of the present study confirm that staff wellbeing is an essential aspect in relation to the patient perception of the quality of care and supporting the assumption that healthy organizations improve the wellbeing of their workers, their organizational performance and the quality of their service at the same time.
文摘Job burnout is a hot topic in the fields of organizational behavior and human resource management these days. In the west countries, the past 25 years of research has established the complexity of the theory construct, and place the individual burnout experience within a lager organizational context of people’s relation to their work. Recently, with the development of research, the theory on job burnout has a trend of expanding. This article briefly describes and reviews three important theories of job burnout, and discusses the new progress of the theory.
