目的评价早期预防脑瘫患儿继发髋关节发育不良疗法的有效性。方法检索CNKI、万方、VIP、CBM、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane Library数据库,收集从建库至2022年4月发表的有关预防脑瘫髋关节发育异常疗法的RCT。由两位评价...目的评价早期预防脑瘫患儿继发髋关节发育不良疗法的有效性。方法检索CNKI、万方、VIP、CBM、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane Library数据库,收集从建库至2022年4月发表的有关预防脑瘫髋关节发育异常疗法的RCT。由两位评价员独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用Stata 16.0软件和ADDIS 1.16.8软件进行贝叶斯网状Meta分析。结果最终纳入21个RCT,共包括1228例脑瘫患儿。网状Meta分析表明:(1)常规康复治疗联合家庭髋关节姿势管理、肌肉电刺激、穴位埋线、WBV,分别在改善MP值、内收肌肌张力、GMFM-E区评分、髋关节ROM评价方面疗效最佳;(2)在改善腘绳肌肌张力的评价中,常规康复治疗+靳三针头针+体针治疗效果明显优于常规康复治疗。结论家庭髋关节姿势管理在改善MP值方面临床前景最好,针灸联合常规康复治疗在改善肌张力方面疗效明确。展开更多
Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic, indolent disease that will affect an ever increasing number of patients, especially the elderly and the obese. It is characterized by degeneration of the cartilage substance inside th...Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic, indolent disease that will affect an ever increasing number of patients, especially the elderly and the obese. It is characterized by degeneration of the cartilage substance inside the knee which leads to pain, stiffness and tenderness. By some estimations in 2030, only in the United States, this medical condition will burden 67 million people. While conventional treatments like physiotherapy or drugs offer temporary relief of clinical symptoms, restoration of normal cartilage function has been difficult to achieve. Moreover, in severe cases of knee osteoarthritis total knee replacement may be required. Total knee replacements come together with high effort and costs and are not always successful. The aim of this review is to outline the latest advances in stem cell therapy for knee osteoarthritis as well as highlight some of the advantages of stem cell therapy over traditional approaches aimed at restoration of cartilage function in the knee. In addition to the latest advances in the field, challenges associated with stem cell therapy regarding knee cartilage regeneration and chondrogenesis in vitro and in vivo are also outlined and analyzed. Furthermore, based on their critical assessment of the present academic literature the authors of this review share their vision about the future of stem cell applications in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.展开更多
In this paper we consider a sequence of Markov dependent bivariate trials whose each component results in an outcome success (0) and failure (1) i.e. we have a sequence {(Xn/Yn), n>=0} of S={(0/0),(0/1),(1/0),(1/1)...In this paper we consider a sequence of Markov dependent bivariate trials whose each component results in an outcome success (0) and failure (1) i.e. we have a sequence {(Xn/Yn), n>=0} of S={(0/0),(0/1),(1/0),(1/1)}-valued Markov dependent bivariate trials. By using the method of conditional probability generating functions (pgfs), we derive the pgf of joint distribution of (X0n,k10,X1n,k11;Y0n,k20,Y1n,k21) where for i=0,1,Xin,k1i denotes the number of occurrences of i-runs of length k1i in the first component and Yin,k2i denotes the number of occurrences of i-runs of length k2i in the second component of Markov dependent bivariate trials. Further we consider two patterns Λ1 and Λ2 of lengths k1 and k2 respectively and obtain the pgf of joint distribution of (Xn,Λ 1,Yn,Λ2 ) using method of conditional probability generating functions where Xn,Λ1(Yn,Λ2) denotes the number of occurrences of pattern Λ1(Λ2 ) of length k1 (k2) in the first (second) n components of bivariate trials. An algorithm is developed to evaluate the exact probability distributions of the vector random variables from their derived probability generating functions. Further some waiting time distributions are studied using the joint distribution of runs.展开更多
文摘Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic, indolent disease that will affect an ever increasing number of patients, especially the elderly and the obese. It is characterized by degeneration of the cartilage substance inside the knee which leads to pain, stiffness and tenderness. By some estimations in 2030, only in the United States, this medical condition will burden 67 million people. While conventional treatments like physiotherapy or drugs offer temporary relief of clinical symptoms, restoration of normal cartilage function has been difficult to achieve. Moreover, in severe cases of knee osteoarthritis total knee replacement may be required. Total knee replacements come together with high effort and costs and are not always successful. The aim of this review is to outline the latest advances in stem cell therapy for knee osteoarthritis as well as highlight some of the advantages of stem cell therapy over traditional approaches aimed at restoration of cartilage function in the knee. In addition to the latest advances in the field, challenges associated with stem cell therapy regarding knee cartilage regeneration and chondrogenesis in vitro and in vivo are also outlined and analyzed. Furthermore, based on their critical assessment of the present academic literature the authors of this review share their vision about the future of stem cell applications in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
文摘In this paper we consider a sequence of Markov dependent bivariate trials whose each component results in an outcome success (0) and failure (1) i.e. we have a sequence {(Xn/Yn), n>=0} of S={(0/0),(0/1),(1/0),(1/1)}-valued Markov dependent bivariate trials. By using the method of conditional probability generating functions (pgfs), we derive the pgf of joint distribution of (X0n,k10,X1n,k11;Y0n,k20,Y1n,k21) where for i=0,1,Xin,k1i denotes the number of occurrences of i-runs of length k1i in the first component and Yin,k2i denotes the number of occurrences of i-runs of length k2i in the second component of Markov dependent bivariate trials. Further we consider two patterns Λ1 and Λ2 of lengths k1 and k2 respectively and obtain the pgf of joint distribution of (Xn,Λ 1,Yn,Λ2 ) using method of conditional probability generating functions where Xn,Λ1(Yn,Λ2) denotes the number of occurrences of pattern Λ1(Λ2 ) of length k1 (k2) in the first (second) n components of bivariate trials. An algorithm is developed to evaluate the exact probability distributions of the vector random variables from their derived probability generating functions. Further some waiting time distributions are studied using the joint distribution of runs.
