Some Basic Judgements

Great changes in the international environment facing China have taken place since the end of the Cold War. And new changes have taken place after September 11. Even so, China has constantly improved its external environment and thus it’s standing in the world has grown steadily because of its stable political situation, economic development.

Whether Females are Facing Harsher Judgements than Males in The Society

Are Chinese female more easily blamed than male because of transgressions?To find the answer of this question,we designed an experiment.The hypothesis was:women are more constrained by social norms than men in China.Chinese have clear expectations to how people should act,and norms apply to women.However,perhaps these expectations might be mitigated when Chinese go abroad and exposed to more culturally looser countries.Moreover,these effects might increase with the longer exposure.In this experiment,we compare people’s attitudes to identical men and women behavior.We mainly hypothesis that(1)There is Greater exception of conformity for women and strevter judgement against women in China.(a)Students study in a culturally looser country have less gender bias toward women.(b)Longer time abroad(in a culturally looser country)mitigate gender bias toward women.(2)Chinese language promotes the formation of expectations to women’s behaviors.

Many Kinds of Reserved Judgement in No-Data Problem

The reserved judgment can be broadly categorized into three types: Re-Do, Re-Set, and Natural Flowing Case (i.e. step by step in Re-Try). Hori et al. constructed the Bayes-Fuzzy Estimation and demonstrated that system theory can be applied to the possibility of Markov processes, and that decision-making approaches can be applied to sequential Bayes estimation. In this paper, we focus on the Natural Flowing Case within reserved judgment. Here, the possibility of oblique (or principal) factor rotation is considered as a part of the tandem fuzzy system that follows step by step for sequential Bayes estimation. Ultimately, we achieve a significant result whereby the expected utility can be calculated automatically without the need to construct a utility function for reserved judgment. There, this utility in Re-Do can be calculated by the prior utility, and that utility in Re-set does not exist by our research in this paper. Finally, we elucidate the relationship between fuzzy system theory and fuzzy decision theory through an applied example of Bayes-Fuzzy theory. Fuzzy estimation can be applied to only normal making decision, but it is impossible to apply abnormal decision problem. Our Vague, specially Type 2 Vague can be applied to abnormal case, too.

Report for Type 2 Bayes-Fuzzy Estimation in No-Data Problem

It is well known that the system (1 + 1) can be unequal to 2, because this system has both observation error and system error. Furthermore, we must provide our mustered service within our cool head and warm heart, where two states of nature are existing upon us. Any system is regarded as the two-dimensional variable error model. On the other hand, we consider that the fuzziness is existing in this system. Though we can usually obtain the fuzzy number from the possibility theory, it is not fuzzy but possibility, because the possibility function is as same as the likelihood function, and we can obtain the possibility measure by the maximal likelihood method (i.e. max product method proposed by Dr. Hideo Tanaka). Therefore, Fuzzy is regarded as the only one case according to Vague, which has both some state of nature in this world and another state of nature in the other world. Here, we can consider that Type 1 Vague Event in other world can be obtained by mapping and translating from Type 1 fuzzy Event in this world. We named this estimation as Type 1 Bayes-Fuzzy Estimation. When the Vague Events were abnormal (ex. under War), we need to consider that another world could exist around other world. In this case, we call it Type 2 Bayes-Fuzzy Estimation. Where Hori et al. constructed the stochastic different equation upon Type 1 Vague Events, along with the general following probabilistic introduction method from the single regression model, multi-regression model, AR model, Markov (decision) process, to the stochastic different equation. Furthermore, we showed that the system theory approach is Possibility Markov Process, and that the making decision approach is Sequential Bayes Estimation, too. After all, Type 1 Bays-Fuzzy estimation is the special case in Bayes estimation, because the pareto solutions can exist in two stochastic different equations upon Type 2 Vague Events, after we ignore one equation each other (note that this is Type 1 case), we can obtain both its system solution and its decision solution. Here, it is noted that Type 2 Vague estimation can be applied to the shallow abnormal decision problem with possibility reserved judgement. However, it is very important problem that we can have no idea for possibility reserved judgement under the deepest abnormal envelopment (ex. under War). Expect for this deepest abnormal decision problem, Bayes estimation can completely cover fuzzy estimation. In this paper, we explain our flowing study and further research object forward to this deepest abnormal decision problem.

SPOT BEAM JUDGEMENT ALGORITHM IN LEO SATELLITE BASED ON OPNET

Low earth orbit（LEO）satellite constellation networks have a predominance of global coverage with low propagation delays.A new spot beam judgement algorithm is presented in LEO satellite constellation.At first,judgement of central spot beam is considered.Then the judgement of outlying spot beam is achieved by two algorithms.One is 2-D space judgement algorithm and the other is 3-D space judgement algorithm.Based on these algorithms,an Iridium model implemented on OPNET with dynamic topology nodes and network layer protocols is presented and simulation results are obtained.The simulation results show that the satellite serving time has obviously increased through the method of longest visible time criterion and the equal beam width model is validated.

The Study on Communicative Functions of Silence Based on the Revelence Theory

Silence,as a type of non-verbal communication,expresses special meanings of the speakers.The core of this study is focused on the functions of silence in conversations from the famous American TV series Prison Break(Season I),in order to reveal that silence,as an important tool in human communication,has richness of meaning and complexity of use.

TWO APPROACHES TO IMPROVING THE CONSISTENCY OF COMPLEMENTARY JUDGEMENT MATRIX

By the transformation relations between complementary judgement matrix and recip- rocal judgement matrix,this paper proposes two methods for improving the consistency of com- plementary judgement matrix and gives two simple practical iterative algorithms.These two al- gorithms are easy to implementon computer,and the modified complementary judgementmatri- ces remain most information that original matrix contains.Thus the methods supplement and develop the theory and methodology for improving consistency of complementary judgement matrix

On consistency of the weighted arithmetical mean complex judgement matrix

The weighted arithmetical mean complex judgement matrix （WAMCJM） is the most common method for aggregating group opinions, but it has a shortcoming, namely the WAMCJM of the perfectly consistent judgement matrices given by experts canot guarantee its perfect consistency. An upper bound of the WAMCJM＇s consistency is presented. Simultaneously, a compatibility index of judging the aggregating extent of group opinions is also introduced. The WAMCJM is of acceptable consistency and is proved provided the compatibilities of all judgement matrices given by experts are smaller than the threshold value of acceptable consistency. These conclusions are important to group decision making.

Solution of Matrix Game with Triangular Intuitionistic Fuzzy Pay-Off Using Score Function

Using score function in a matrix game is very rare. In the proposed paper we have considered a matrix game with pay-off as triangular intuitionistic fuzzy number and a new ranking order has been proposed using value judgement index, available definitions and operations. A new concept of score function has been developed to defuzzify the pay-off matrix and solution of the matrix game has been obtained. A numerical example has been given in support of the proposed method.

Grey System Judgment on Reliability of Mechanical Equipment

he Grey system theory -was applied in reliability analysis of mechanical equip-ment. It is a new theory and method in reliability engineering of mechanical engineering of mechanical equipment. Through the Grey forecast of reliability parameters and the reliability forecast of parts and systems, decisions were made in the real operative state of e-quipment in real time. It replaced the old method that required mathematics and physical statistics in a large base of test data to obtain a pre-check , and it was used in a practical problem. Because of applying the data of practical operation state in real time, it could much more approach the real condition of equipment; it-was applied to guide the procedure and had rather considerable economic and social benefits.

The Application of Multi-level Fuzzy Judgement in the Appraisement of Green Products

The appraisement of "the green level" for a green product is a problem that has to deal with multi aspects and multi stratification. According to the property of the items that affect "the green level" of the product, they can be divided into aspects, elements and factors. These make appreciable grades. Multi level fuzzy judgement can solve the appraisement problem that considers the influences of design, manufacture, use and recovery in all life cycle or multi life cycle of a product. In the judging process it not only deals with the action of all factors, but also continues to have all messages in grade judgement. The power coefficients stand out as the main items. An example is given to show the judgement process.

HYDROCHEMICAL INDEXES OF SEAWATER INTRUSION AND COMPREHENSIVE JUDGEMENT ON INTRUSIVE DEGREE

The paper discusses the use of five hydrochemical indexes in evaluating seawater intrusion, and ranking the intrusion degree for Cl -, M, Br -, rHCO 3/rCl and SAR. The fuzzy mathematical comprehensive judgement model has been adopted as the method of adjustment. Based on more than 300 water samples obtained from four typical profiles in the coastal region of Laizhou Gulf during the period from June 1993 to June 1995, we made a comprehensive judgement of seawater intrusion degree. The result shows that intrusion degree was becoming heavier from June 1993 to June 1994, but more steady and inactive in the high level of intrusion degree in the perennial severe intrusion zone from December 1994 to June 1995. Since entering the 1990s up to now, the process of seawater intrusion has translated from its peak developmental stage from the 1970s to the 1980s into a stage of equilibrium and slow development mainly because the intruded area expanded inland, precipitation increased at some extent recently and various measures of prevention and harness begin to show the effect.

COMPUTER PATTERN DESIGN AND PAINTING TECHNIQUE BASED ON AESTHETICS KNOWLEDGE

Computer Art (CA) is a very important field in computer applications. Based on the analysis and summarization of the painting process, a new method of CA creation using the techniques of com- puter graphics and the expert system is presented in this paper. The reduction of pattern model, simu- lation of special effect, representation of aesthetics knowledge and fuzzy judgement of beauty are includ- ed by this new method.

The Application of Multi-level Fuzzy Judgement in the Appraisement of Green Products

The appraisement of "the green level" for a green p ro duct is a problem that has to deal with multi-aspect and multi-stratification. According to the property of the items that affect "the green level" of the pro duct, they can be divided into aspects, elements and factors. These make appreci able grades. The multi-level fuzzy judgement can solve the appraisement problem that considers the influences of design, manufacture, use and recovery in all- life cycle or multi-life cycle of product. In the judging process it is not onl y deal with the action of all factors, but also continue to have all messages in grade judgement. The power coefficients stand out as the main items. An example is given to show the judgement process.

Research of recognizing intelligence based on commanding decision-making

In commanding decision-making, the commander usually needs to know a lot of situations（intelligence） on the adversary. Because of the military intelligence with opposability, it is inevitable that intelligence personnel take some deceptive information released by the rival as intelligence data in the process of intelligence gathering. Since the failure of intelligence is likely to lead to a serious aftereffect, the recognition of intelligence is a very important problem. An elementary research on recognizing military intelligence and puts forward a systematic processing method are made. First, the types and characteristics of military intelligence are briefly discussed, a research thought of recognizing military intelligence by means of recognizing military hypotheses are presented. Next, the reasoning mode and framework for recognizing military hypotheses are presented from the angle of psychology of intelligence analysis and non-monotonic reasoning. Then, a model for recognizing military hypothesis is built on the basis of fuzzy judgement information given by intelligence analysts. A calculative example shows that the model has the characteristics of simple calculation and good maneuverability. Last, the methods that selecting the most likely hypothesis from the survival hypotheses via final recognition are discussed.

Study on the judgment model of dyeing and weaving corporation's core competence

On the basis of the dyeing and weaving corporations’ characters,this paper put forward the dimensionality and index system to analyze the core competence. This paper divided the core competence into three layers and gave out the Dimensional-Hierarchical structure of core competence through combining the analysis dimensionalities with the competence layers. The model was described to evaluate,analyze and judge the dyeing and weaving corporation’s competence.

Believing processes during the COVID-19 pandemic in individuals with bipolar disorder:An exploratory study

BACKGROUND Believing or“credition”refers to psychological processes that integrate the cognitions and emotions that influence our behavior.In the credition model by Angel and Seitz,four parameters are postulated:proposition,certainty,emotion and mightiness.It is assumed that believing processes are influenced by both the individual as well as socio-cultural factors and external circumstances.External or environmental circumstances can include threatening situations such as the ongoing pandemic.It has been hypothesized that believing processes related to the pandemic differ between individuals with bipolar disorder(BD)and healthy controls(HC).AIM To investigate credition in individuals with BD during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.METHODS Psychiatrically stable individuals with BD(n=52)and age-and sex matched HC(n=52)participated in an online survey during the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic.The survey took place between April 9^(th) and June 4^(th),2020,in Austria.Participants completed the Brief Symptom Inventory-18,the Beck Depression Inventory-Ⅱ,the Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale,the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and a dedicated Believing Questionnaire assessing four parameters of credition(proposition,certainty,emotion and mightiness).The MAXQDA software was used to analyze the qualitative data.Statistical analyses included analyses of variance,a multivariate analysis of variance and a multivariate analysis of co-variance.RESULTS Individuals with BD reported significantly more negative propositions[F(1,102)=8.89,P=0.004,η2 p=0.08]and negative emotions[Welch´s F(1,82.46)=18.23,P<0.001,η2 p=0.18],while HC showed significantly more positive propositions[F(1,102)=7.78,P=0.006,η2 p=0.07]and emotions[F(1,102)=14.31,P<0.001,η2 p=0.12].In addition,individuals with BD showed a higher incongruence between their propositions and their emotions[F(1,102)=9.42,P=0.003,η2 p=0.08]and showed strong correlations between the parameters of the Believing Questionnaire and their psychiatric symptoms(r=0.51-0.77,all P<0.001).Positive as well as negative emotions and propositions were associated with scores measuring symptoms of depression,anxiety and sleep quality.CONCLUSION Believing parameters were associated with psychiatric symptoms in BD during the pandemic.Findings broaden knowledge about the susceptibility of believing processes for ambient challenges in individuals with BD.

Skin Sensitive Difference of Human Body Sections under Clothing — Comparative Judging of Body Sections' Cold Sensitivity Sequence

Skin seasitive difference of human body sections under clothing is the theoretic foundation of thermal insulation clothing design. By a new psychological ＆ physical researching method, the subjective psychological perception of human body sections affected by the same cold stimulus are studied, and with Thurstone comparative judgement the main human body sections＇ cold sensitivity sequences are obtained. Furthermore the physiological causes for skin sensitive difference of human body sections under clothing are suggested.

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