Characteristics of Milankovitch Cycles in the Mid-Permian Liangshan and Qixia Formations of the Sichuan Basin——Examples from Well-Long17 and Well-Wujia1

The Liangshan and Qixia formations in the Sichuan Basin of central China were formed in the earlier middle Permian. Based on outcrop observation of the Changjianggou section at Shangsi, Guangyuan region and 3 rd -order sequence division in typical drillings, one-dimensional spectrum analysis has been used to choose the better curve between the natural gamma ray spectrometry log（ln （Th/K）） in Well-Long17 and the gamma ray log（GR） in Well-Wujia1, respectively, for identifying Milankovitch cycles in Sequence PSQ1 which comprises the Liangshan and Qixia formations, and then to identify the variation in the Milankovitch cycle sequences. On this basis, the system tract and 4 th -order sequence interfaces in Sequence PSQ1 were found via two-dimensional spectral analysis and digital filtering. Finally, a high-frequency sequence division program was established. Among these cycles, long eccentricity （413.0 ka） and short eccentricity （123.0 ka） are the most unambiguous, and they are separately the major control factors in forming 4 th -order （parasequence sets） and 5 th -order （parasequences） sequences, with the average thicknesses corresponding to the main cycles being 11.47 m and 3.32 m in Well-Long17, and 14.21 m and 3.79 m in Well-Wujia1, respectively. In other words, the deposition rate in the beach subfacies is faster than that of the inner ramp facies. The ln（Th/K） curve is more sensitive than the GR as the index of relatively ancient water depth in carbonate deposition. One-dimensional spectrum analysis of ln（Th/K） curve could distinguish the Milankovitch cycle sequences that arose from the Precession cycle （20.90 ka）, with a much higher credibility. Sequence PSQ1 in Well-Long17 contains 10 4 th -order sequences, and the growth span of Sequence PSQ1 consisting of the Liangshan and Qixia formations is about 4.13 Ma. The single deposition thickness of the long eccentricity cycle sequence has the characteristics of thinning and then thickening in the two-dimensional spectrum, which could be used to identify the system tract interface of the 3 rd -order sequence. The precession sequence thickness remains stationary. As a result, the early deposition rate in the mid-Permian of the Sichuan basin was very slow, remaining nearly stationary, and this reflects a sustained depositional environment. Whole-rock carbon and oxygen isotope curves could also prove this point. Milankovitch cycle sequence studies provide a basis for paleoenvironmental analysis and, as such, can be used to analyze ancient climate change, calculate deposition rate and deposition time, and carry out fine isochronous stratigraphic correlation.

Evaluation of Corrosion Product Activity in a Typical PWR with Extended Cycles and Flow Rate Perturbations

Effect of flow rate perturbations has been studied using the modified computer program CPAIR-P for time dependent corrosion rates in Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs) having extended cycles. In these simulations, a decrease in the corresponding saturation values of corrosion product activity (CPA) is observed for higher pH values. Comparison of CPA’s behavior has been done for constant flow-rate case as well as for transients with elevated 10B levels (~40%) in dissolved boric acid in coolant in two operating cycles. When the flow rate is decreased in the first cycle, the saturation value of CPA attains new higher values. Also, in the second operating cycle, the saturation values are about 12% higher when compared with the values in the first cycle.

Geological cycling of potassium and the K isotopic response:insights from loess and shales

Shales are a major sink for K into seawater delivered from continental weathering,and are potential recorders of K cycling.High precision K isotope analyses reveal a[0.6%variation in δ^41K values(41K/39K relative to NIST SRM 3141a)from a set of well characterized postArchean Australian shale(PAAS)samples.By contrast,loess samples have relatively homogenous δ^41K values(-0.5±0.1%),which may represent the average K composition of upper continental crust.Most of the shales analyzed in this study have experienced K enrichment relative to average continental crust,and the majority of them define a trend of decreasing δ^41K value(from-0.5to-0.7%)with increasing K content and K/Na ratio,indicating cation exchange in clays minerals is accompanied by K isotope fractionation.Several shale samples do not follow the trend and have elevated δ^41K values up to-0.1%,and these samples are characterized by variable Fe isotope compositions,which reflect post-depositional processes.The K isotope variability observed in shales,in combination with recent findings about K isotope fractionation during continental weathering,indicates that K isotopes fractionate during cycling of K between different reservoirs,and K isotopes in sediments may be used to trace geological cycling of K.

《巴西商船》《K圈循环》的移民环流与乌托邦建构

《巴西商船》和《K圈循环》是当代著名日裔美国作家山下凯伦的移民小说代表作。《巴西商船》描绘了20世纪20年代至20世纪70年代日本移民前往巴西开创富有理想色彩的公社的历史,《K圈循环》则相应地描写了20世纪80年代至20世纪90年代日裔巴西移民返回日本工作和定居的故事。两部作品基于对全球化之下人口回环流动迁徙及移民(劳工)生活的观察和体悟,但又不拘泥于惯常的移民主题模式和情节构设,展现了独特的“移民乌托邦”的建设与失败,借此在历史与理想的交织中,探讨了乌托邦理念等论题,补充了移民文学中较为少见的对某些抽象问题的深刻探索。同时,作为具有多重文化背景的第三代移民,山下凯伦也并不局限于某一特定民族的身份政治问题,而是注重与更广阔多元的世界文化交流和碰撞。其对巴西—日本—美国等多国族的人类学式的“厚描”,暗示了一种可能的世界主义图景。

Arsenic Trioxide Inhibits Proliferation in K562 Cells by Changing Cell Cycle and Survivin Expression

To study the mechanisms involved in the inhibition of chronic myeloid leukemic cells (K562) proliferation induced by arsenic trioxide (As 2O 3) and to explore the potential role of Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis protein, in the regulation of As 2O 3 induced cell apoptosis, K562 cells were cultured with As 2O 3 of different concentrations. Cells were collected for proliferation analysis by MTT assay. Cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of Survivin protein and mRNA were detected by flow cytometry and RT-PCR, respectively. Our results showed that As 2O 3 (2-10 μmol/L) inhibited K562 cells growth effectively, but it did not induce cells apoptosis significantly. The percentage of K562 cells at G 2/M phase increased in proportion to As 2O 3 concentrations, and the expression of Survivin mRNA and content of Survivin protein was up-regulated accordingly. It is concluded that As 2O 3 inhibited K562 cells growth by inducing cell cycle arrest mainly at G 2/M phase. Over-expression of Survivin gene and protein might be one of the possible mechanisms contributing to K562 cells' resistance to As 2O 3-induced apoptosis.

Low-cycle fatigue behavior of K416B Ni-based superalloy at 650 ℃

A study on the low-cycle fatigue(LCF)behavior of K 416 B alloy was conducted at 650℃.According to the results,the LCF behavior of K 416 B alloy at 650℃ is mainly manifested as elastic deformation and the fatigue life of the alloy is determined by the level of material strength.When tension-compression fatigue occurs,the deformation mechanism of the alloy is reflected in the form of dislocation slip,and the deformation dislocations are bowed out in the matrix by Orowan mechanism,which leads to a dislocation configuration similar to the Frawk-Reed source.At the late stage of low-cycle fatigue,the fatigue-induced cracks develop from the alloy surface.As fatigue test proceeds,it is possible for the cracks to continue development along the regions of eutectic and the bulk M 6 C carbide due to stress concentration,thus causing the alloy to show cleavage fracture.

Exact solutions for the coupled Klein-Gordon-Schrǒdinger equations using the extended F-expansion method

The extended F-expansion method or mapping method is used to construct exact solutions for the coupled KleinGordon Schr/Sdinger equations （K-G-S equations） by the aid of the symbolic computation system Mathematica. More solutions in the Jacobi elliptic function form are obtained, including the single Jacobi elliptic function solutions, combined Jacobi elliptic function solutions, rational solutions, triangular solutions, soliton solutions and combined soliton solutions.

Plant Biomass, Primary Production and Mineral Cycling of a Mixed Oak Forest in Linnebjer, Sweden

Plant biomass, primary production and mineral cycling were studied in a mixed deciduous forest (Quercus robur L., Tilia cordata L. and Corylus avellana L.) in southern Sweden. Plant biomass amount above and below ground was 201 and 37 t&middotha-1, respectively. Primary production above and below ground was an estimated 13.3 and 2.3 t&middotha-1, respectively. Carbon was the dominant element in the forest ecosystem, comprising 133 t&middotha-1. Other major elements were: N > Ca > K > Si > Mg > S > Mn > P > Fe and Na (range 1123 to 18 kg&middotha-1), followed by some trace elements. Yearly litterfall restored 6.0 t&middotha-1 organic matter or 2.3 t&middotha-1 carbon. Approximately 45% decomposed and returned to the soil during the year. Monitoring of other elements revealed that the ecosystem received inputs through dry and wet deposition, in particular 34.4 kg&middotha-1 S and 9.4 kg&middotha-1 of N yearly as throughfall. Determination of yearly biomass increase showed that the oak forest ecosystem was still in an aggradation or accumulation phase.

The MORC2 p.S87L mutation reduces proliferation of pluripotent stem cells derived from a patient with the spinal muscular atrophy-like phenotype by inhibiting proliferation-related signaling pathways

Mutations in the microrchidia CW-type zinc finger protein 2(MORC2)gene are the causative agent of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2Z(CMT2Z),and the hotspot mutation p.S87L is associated with a more seve re spinal muscular atrophy-like clinical phenotype.The aims of this study were to determine the mechanism of the severe phenotype caused by the MORC2 p.S87L mutation and to explore potential treatment strategies.Epithelial cells were isolated from urine samples from a spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)-like patient[MORC2 p.S87L),a CMT2Z patient[MORC2 p.Q400R),and a healthy control and induced to generate pluripotent stem cells,which were then differentiated into motor neuron precursor cells.Next-generation RNA sequencing followed by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes involved in the PI3K/Akt and MAP K/ERK signaling pathways were enriched in the p.S87L SMA-like patient group and were significantly downregulated in induced pluripotent stem cells.Reduced proliferation was observed in the induced pluripotent stem cells and motor neuron precursor cells derived from the p.S87L SMA-like patient group compared with the CMT2Z patient group and the healthy control.G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest was observed in induced pluripotent stem cells derived from the p.S87L SMA-like patient.MORC2 p.S87Lspecific antisense oligonucleotides(p.S87L-ASO-targeting)showed significant efficacy in improving cell prolife ration and activating the PI3K/Akt and MAP K/ERK pathways in induced pluripotent stem cells.Howeve r,p.S87L-ASO-ta rgeting did not rescue prolife ration of motor neuron precursor cells.These findings suggest that downregulation of the PI3K/Akt and MAP K/ERK signaling pathways leading to reduced cell proliferation and G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in induced pluripotent stem cells might be the underlying mechanism of the severe p.S87L SMA-like phenotype.p.S87L-ASO-targeting treatment can alleviate disordered cell proliferation in the early stage of pluripotent stem cell induction.

Anti-cancer activity of Tonglian decoction against esophageal cancer cell proliferation through regulation of the cell cycle and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

Objective:The purpose of this study was to observe the anti-cancer activity of Tonglian decoction(TD)on esophageal cancer(EC)cells in vitro,and to elucidate the related molecular mechanisms in the cell cycle and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Methods:EC9706 cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10%calf serum at 37
C in a 5%CO2 incubator.The cells were treated with rat serum containing TD or the serum of rats administered Xiaoaiping as a positive control drug.Cell proliferation was assessed by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assays.Cell morphology was observed under a microscope.The cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry.Protein expression in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was measured by western blotting.Results:TD mainly inhibited cell proliferation.Concentrations of 50%cell inhibition by rat serum containing TD or Xiaoaiping were 73.6 and 153.8 mL/mL,respectively.TD also influenced cell morphology characterized by small shrunken cells.Cell colonies became small and the cell proliferation rate was slower.In cell cycle analysis,the percentage of cells in S phase was decreased significantly by TD and Xiaoaiping compared with the blank control group(P<.05).Western blotting showed that serum containing TD strongly downregulated EGFR,PI3K,Akt,p-Akt,and mTOR expression compared with the blank control group(P<.05).Conclusion:TD could inhibit EC9706 carcinoma cell proliferation by blocking the cell cycle progression in S phase.The possible mechanism was inhibition of multiple targets in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by TD.

基于k值调制三电平Boost PFC变换器的变占空比控制

随着国家大力发展城市轨道交通,不间断电源(uninterruptible power supply,UPS)系统作为关键供电装置,具有重要的研究意义和价值。为了满足相关电能质量法规的要求,集成功率因数校正(power factor correction,PFC)输入级是保证轨道交通基础设施设备供电的UPS系统的重要要求。三电平Boost PFC在采用传统载波调制时,在一定的输入电压范围内输入电流始终为零,导致变换器功率因数校正效果较差。因此,提出一种基于k值调制的变占空比控制的方法,不仅可以解决高输入电压下传统载波调制存在的问题,且可进一步抑制输入电流的畸变从而提高输入电流波形质量。首先介绍了这种k值调制方法,分析了其原理以及k值对变换器功率因数和电感电流有效值的影响。在此基础上,结合电压平衡策略对k值进行优化,解决直流侧输出电容电压上下不均衡问题。最后,针对高输入电压下输入电流仍然严重畸变的问题,提出一种基于k值调制的可变占空比控制方法,分析了变占空比控制对变换器功率因数、输出功率、电压纹波以及电感电流峰值的影响。最后通过仿真和搭建小功率实验平台,验证了所提控制方法的正确性和有效性。

基于改进K均值和马尔科夫链的公交车行驶工况构建

目的为填补目前缺少符合重庆城区地形特点的公交车行驶工况空白。方法提出一种改进的K均值聚类算法与马尔科夫链结合的行驶工况构建方法。通过滤波算法对采集到的重庆城区805路公交车有效行驶数据进行平滑处理,从平滑后的行驶数据中提取出1721条运动学片段;采用核主成分分析法对各运动学片段的特征参数矩阵进行降维处理,以粒子群算法选择适合的K均值初始聚类中心,并通过改进后的K均值聚类算法对运动学片段进行分类标记;最后通过马尔科夫链筛选出合理的运动学片段,构建出时长为1310 s的重庆城区公交车行驶工况。结果将构建的行驶工况与实车采集数据及国内外部分典型工况进行对比,结果表明:所构建的工况与原始数据在速度-加速度的联合分布趋势一致,构建的行驶工况与实车采集数据各特征值误差均小于7%,所构建的工况与原始数据特征高度吻合且能较好地反映出重庆城区公交车怠速时间比例高、加减速频繁等符合区域特点的实际交通状况。结论构建的工况能为重庆市公交车行驶路线规划、排放及油耗测试等方面提供基础标准,同时其涉及的研究方法能为新能源汽车能量管理、控制策略及其他城市工况构建和城市公交线路优化提供参考。

基于Lasso和K-means聚类的宏观经济周期阶段划分

经济周期划分对于把握市场经济规律本质具有重要意义.对经济周期划分的研究,国内外主要从经济学理论出发,对其质性进行研究.但影响经济周期划分的潜在因素繁多,且影响机制复杂,因此目前对经济周期划分的定量研究不足,尤其在经济学理论与机器学习等理论与方法的交叉研究方面有待加强.为此,从近20年的宏观经济数据出发,对高维宏观经济指标加入惩罚Lasso进行筛选,遴选出采购经理指数、居民消费指数等关键指标,继而进行K-means聚类,以对我国2001—2021年经济周期进行划分.

基于K-均值聚类算法的西安市汽车行驶工况合成技术研究

为提供排放试验所需的车速曲线,基于划分的短行程数据,采用K-均值聚类算法构建了西安市汽车行驶合成工况。首先对采集的原始数据进行短行程划分并进行特征提取,针对提取的高维特征向量之间的冗余性和非线性关系,采用核主分量分析法进行降维。然后基于K-均值的聚类算法,对降维后特征向量进行划分,按照离聚类中心最近的原则选择各聚类的短行程样本,将其合成为平均速度为21.51 km/h、持续时间为1 166 s、距离为6.9 km的西安市汽车行驶工况。对比表明,西安市汽车行驶工况接近于日本J10-15标准,但加速度参数要高很多。

EBPSK及其优化调制信号的二阶循环平稳特性分析

在分析扩展二元相位键控调制(Extended BPSK调制,以下简称EBPSK调制)及其优化调制信号模型的基础上,证明其具有循环平稳特性。进而建立了EB-PSK及其优化调制信号的二阶循环平稳模型,推导了相应的理论计算公式,并通过仿真详细分析了调制参数对其循环平稳特性的影响。理论及仿真表明,循环平稳特性分析不仅为EBPSK及其优化调制信号的信息传输和接收提供了参考,而且为该类调制信号提供了一种新的通信信号处理方案。

基于扩展k阶近邻法的电力系统稳定评估新算法

针对k阶近邻法分类时对样本的潜在结构信息未加利用这一缺陷,扩展k阶近邻法采用模式发现算法获取样本的空间分布知识,以获得的知识取代原始样本实现未知样本的分类。算法有效剔除了不利于分类的干扰样本,提高了分类精度和速度。在基于稳态运行信息的暂态稳定评估算法中,应用扩展k阶近邻法,实现了各种方式下稳定水平的正确判别。仿真结果验证了算法的有效性。算法作为一种通用的知识获取工具有广泛的应用前景。

基于K-均值聚类算法的行驶工况构建方法

提出一种基于K-均值聚类算法的城市循环工况构建方法,该方法通过实车采集某城市道路行驶工况的数据,将工况数据预处理后划分为工况块,运用平均速度、行驶距离和巡航时间比3个参数对工况块进行K-均值聚类分析,采用距离聚类中心越近越能代表簇特征的原则选取工况块,最终拟合出某城市循环工况,并对其从特征参数、转毂实验和废气分析采集的油耗和排放数据3个方面与其他典型城市循环工况进行了对比。对比分析结果表明:采用本方法构建的城市循环工况能够很好地反映某地实际交通道路状况,具有实用价值。

长江河口九段沙互花米草湿地生态系统N、P、K的循环特征

研究了九段沙外来入侵种互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)湿地生态系统的营养元素含量、分布规律与循环特征。结果表明,九段沙的上沙、中沙和下沙互花米草湿地土壤全量养分含量差异相对较小,而速效性养分含量差异相对较大。土壤剖面中TK含量大大高于TN和TP含量,排序为:TK>TN>TP。各沙洲速效性养分含量排序为:速效K>速效N>速效P。土壤速效性养分与全量养分的空间分布规律并不一致,土壤剖面营养元素的垂直分布差异比较明显,速效性养分土壤剖面垂直分异比全量养分显著。各深度土壤营养元素含量均存在差异,不同沙洲同一深度土壤营养元素含量也存在差异。各沙洲不同深度土壤TN含量的差异明显大于TP和TK含量差异。植物中3种营养元素含量以K最高,N其次,P最低。湿地生态系统营养元素归还量远大于存留量。吸收系数排序为:N>P>K。不同沙洲营养元素的利用系数和循环系数存在明显差异,上沙P元素、中沙与下沙K元素利用系数最大,上沙K元素、中沙P元素与下沙N元素循环系数最大。

白术内酯Ⅰ抑制卵巢癌SK-OV-3与OVCAR-3细胞增殖作用机制的研究

目的探讨白术内酯Ⅰ抑制卵巢癌SK-OV-3与OVCAR-3细胞增殖的作用及其分子机制。方法 MTT实验检测不同浓度白术内酯Ⅰ作用人卵巢癌SK-OV-3与OVCAR-3细胞24 h、48 h、72 h后,白术内酯Ⅰ对卵巢癌细胞增殖的影响;流式细胞技术与PI染色检测白术内酯Ⅰ对卵巢癌SK-OV-3与OVCAR-3细胞周期的影响,ELISA实验检测白术内酯Ⅰ对卵巢癌SK-OV-3与OVCAR-3细胞cyclin D1与CDK1表达的影响;Western blot测定白术内酯Ⅰ对卵巢癌SK-OV-3与OVCAR-3细胞PI3K/AKT信号通路的影响。结果白术内酯Ⅰ可显著抑制SK-OV-3与OVCAR-3细胞增殖,且白术内酯Ⅰ对SK-OV-3与OVCAR-3细胞的增殖抑制作用具有浓度和时间依赖性;此外,白术内酯Ⅰ还可显著降低SK-OV-3与OVCAR-3细胞的S期细胞比例,增加G2/M期细胞比例,且白术内酯Ⅰ对SK-OV-3与OVCAR-3细胞周期的调控与其抑制CDK1的表达有关;Western blot实验进一步探讨了白术内酯Ⅰ抑制细胞增殖和调控细胞周期与PI3K/AKT信号通路有关。结论白术内酯Ⅰ可通过PI3K/AKT途径下调卵巢癌SK-OV-3与OVCAR-3细胞CDK1的表达,从而使细胞阻滞于G2/M期,进而发挥肿瘤细胞增殖抑制作用。

基于扩展图规划的Top-K服务组合方法研究

自动服务组合是目前云计算中的关键技术与研究热点.为大规模用户提供多个满足个性化需求的组合服务是当前云环境下自动服务组合中急需解决的问题.提出了基于扩展图规划的Top-K服务组合方法,借助服务索引和增加图规划中的辅助节点,使得经过一次规划搜索即可找到Top-K个满足用户QoS要求的组合服务.实验表明,该方法能够有效提高服务组合的效率,并保证服务组合结果的正确性,更加适用于云计算环境下海量网络服务及大规模用户个性化需求的自动服务组合问题.