Real-Time Spreading Thickness Monitoring of High-core Rockfill Dam Based on K-nearest Neighbor Algorithm

During the storehouse surface rolling construction of a core rockfilldam, the spreading thickness of dam face is an important factor that affects the construction quality of the dam storehouse' rolling surface and the overallquality of the entire dam. Currently, the method used to monitor and controlspreading thickness during the dam construction process is artificialsampling check after spreading, which makes it difficult to monitor the entire dam storehouse surface. In this paper, we present an in-depth study based on real-time monitoring and controltheory of storehouse surface rolling construction and obtain the rolling compaction thickness by analyzing the construction track of the rolling machine. Comparatively, the traditionalmethod can only analyze the rolling thickness of the dam storehouse surface after it has been compacted and cannot determine the thickness of the dam storehouse surface in realtime. To solve these problems, our system monitors the construction progress of the leveling machine and employs a real-time spreading thickness monitoring modelbased on the K-nearest neighbor algorithm. Taking the LHK core rockfilldam in Southwest China as an example, we performed real-time monitoring for the spreading thickness and conducted real-time interactive queries regarding the spreading thickness. This approach provides a new method for controlling the spreading thickness of the core rockfilldam storehouse surface.

Diagnosis of Disc Space Variation Fault Degree of Transformer Winding Based on K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm

Winding is one of themost important components in power transformers.Ensuring the health state of the winding is of great importance to the stable operation of the power system.To efficiently and accurately diagnose the disc space variation(DSV)fault degree of transformer winding,this paper presents a diagnostic method of winding fault based on the K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN)algorithmand the frequency response analysis(FRA)method.First,a laboratory winding model is used,and DSV faults with four different degrees are achieved by changing disc space of the discs in the winding.Then,a series of FRA tests are conducted to obtain the FRA results and set up the FRA dataset.Second,ten different numerical indices are utilized to obtain features of FRA curves of faulted winding.Third,the 10-fold cross-validation method is employed to determine the optimal k-value of KNN.In addition,to improve the accuracy of the KNN model,a comparative analysis is made between the accuracy of the KNN algorithm and k-value under four distance functions.After getting the most appropriate distance metric and kvalue,the fault classificationmodel based on theKNN and FRA is constructed and it is used to classify the degrees of DSV faults.The identification accuracy rate of the proposed model is up to 98.30%.Finally,the performance of the model is presented by comparing with the support vector machine(SVM),SVM optimized by the particle swarmoptimization(PSO-SVM)method,and randomforest(RF).The results show that the diagnosis accuracy of the proposed model is the highest and the model can be used to accurately diagnose the DSV fault degrees of the winding.

Wireless Communication Signal Strength Prediction Method Based on the K-nearest Neighbor Algorithm

Existing interference protection systems lack automatic evaluation methods to provide scientific, objective and accurate assessment results. To address this issue, this paper develops a layout scheme by geometrically modeling the actual scene, so that the hand-held full-band spectrum analyzer would be able to collect signal field strength values for indoor complex scenes. An improved prediction algorithm based on the K-nearest neighbor non-parametric kernel regression was proposed to predict the signal field strengths for the whole plane before and after being shield. Then the highest accuracy set of data could be picked out by comparison. The experimental results show that the improved prediction algorithm based on the K-nearest neighbor non-parametric kernel regression can scientifically and objectively predict the indoor complex scenes’ signal strength and evaluate the interference protection with high accuracy.

A KNN-based two-step fuzzy clustering weighted algorithm for WLAN indoor positioning

Although k-nearest neighbors （KNN） is a popular fingerprint match algorithm for its simplicity and accuracy, because it is sensitive to the circumstances, a fuzzy c-means （FCM） clustering algorithm is applied to improve it. Thus, a KNN-based two-step FCM weighted （KTFW） algorithm for indoor positioning in wireless local area networks （WLAN） is presented in this paper. In KTFW algorithm, k reference points （RPs） chosen by KNN are clustered through FCM based on received signal strength （RSS） and location coordinates. The right clusters are chosen according to rules, so three sets of RPs are formed including the set of k RPs chosen by KNN and are given different weights. RPs supposed to have better contribution to positioning accuracy are given larger weights to improve the positioning accuracy. Simulation results indicate that KTFW generally outperforms KNN and its complexity is greatly reduced through providing initial clustering centers for FCM.

Computational Intelligence Prediction Model Integrating Empirical Mode Decomposition,Principal Component Analysis,and Weighted k-Nearest Neighbor

On the basis of machine leaning,suitable algorithms can make advanced time series analysis.This paper proposes a complex k-nearest neighbor(KNN)model for predicting financial time series.This model uses a complex feature extraction process integrating a forward rolling empirical mode decomposition(EMD)for financial time series signal analysis and principal component analysis(PCA)for the dimension reduction.The information-rich features are extracted then input to a weighted KNN classifier where the features are weighted with PCA loading.Finally,prediction is generated via regression on the selected nearest neighbors.The structure of the model as a whole is original.The test results on real historical data sets confirm the effectiveness of the models for predicting the Chinese stock index,an individual stock,and the EUR/USD exchange rate.

Enhancing Cancer Classification through a Hybrid Bio-Inspired Evolutionary Algorithm for Biomarker Gene Selection

In this study,our aim is to address the problem of gene selection by proposing a hybrid bio-inspired evolutionary algorithm that combines Grey Wolf Optimization(GWO)with Harris Hawks Optimization(HHO)for feature selection.Themotivation for utilizingGWOandHHOstems fromtheir bio-inspired nature and their demonstrated success in optimization problems.We aimto leverage the strengths of these algorithms to enhance the effectiveness of feature selection in microarray-based cancer classification.We selected leave-one-out cross-validation(LOOCV)to evaluate the performance of both two widely used classifiers,k-nearest neighbors(KNN)and support vector machine(SVM),on high-dimensional cancer microarray data.The proposed method is extensively tested on six publicly available cancer microarray datasets,and a comprehensive comparison with recently published methods is conducted.Our hybrid algorithm demonstrates its effectiveness in improving classification performance,Surpassing alternative approaches in terms of precision.The outcomes confirm the capability of our method to substantially improve both the precision and efficiency of cancer classification,thereby advancing the development ofmore efficient treatment strategies.The proposed hybridmethod offers a promising solution to the gene selection problem in microarray-based cancer classification.It improves the accuracy and efficiency of cancer diagnosis and treatment,and its superior performance compared to other methods highlights its potential applicability in realworld cancer classification tasks.By harnessing the complementary search mechanisms of GWO and HHO,we leverage their bio-inspired behavior to identify informative genes relevant to cancer diagnosis and treatment.

基于KNN算法的教学质量评价模型建立

针对当前教学质量评价存在主观性较强的不足,基于K-最近邻(K-nearest neighbor,KNN)算法,提出教学质量评价模型.确立教学质量评价体系;以教学督导的评价数据为样本数据,通过交叉验证求解最近邻算法参数K的最佳值,从而建立教学质量评价模型.模型以专家数据为样本,评价精度高,评价结果具有较高的可靠性,能根据相关指标快速产生评价等级,提高了教学质量评价效率,使教学质量评价更加客观全面.

A Study of EM Algorithm as an Imputation Method: A Model-Based Simulation Study with Application to a Synthetic Compositional Data

Compositional data, such as relative information, is a crucial aspect of machine learning and other related fields. It is typically recorded as closed data or sums to a constant, like 100%. The statistical linear model is the most used technique for identifying hidden relationships between underlying random variables of interest. However, data quality is a significant challenge in machine learning, especially when missing data is present. The linear regression model is a commonly used statistical modeling technique used in various applications to find relationships between variables of interest. When estimating linear regression parameters which are useful for things like future prediction and partial effects analysis of independent variables, maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is the method of choice. However, many datasets contain missing observations, which can lead to costly and time-consuming data recovery. To address this issue, the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm has been suggested as a solution for situations including missing data. The EM algorithm repeatedly finds the best estimates of parameters in statistical models that depend on variables or data that have not been observed. This is called maximum likelihood or maximum a posteriori (MAP). Using the present estimate as input, the expectation (E) step constructs a log-likelihood function. Finding the parameters that maximize the anticipated log-likelihood, as determined in the E step, is the job of the maximization (M) phase. This study looked at how well the EM algorithm worked on a made-up compositional dataset with missing observations. It used both the robust least square version and ordinary least square regression techniques. The efficacy of the EM algorithm was compared with two alternative imputation techniques, k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) and mean imputation (), in terms of Aitchison distances and covariance.

改进型加权KNN算法的不平衡数据集分类

K最邻近(KNN)算法对不平衡数据集进行分类时分类判决总会倾向于多数类。为此,提出一种加权KNN算法GAK-KNN。定义新的权重分配模型,综合考虑类间分布不平衡及类内分布不均匀的不良影响,采用基于遗传算法的K-means算法对训练样本集进行聚类,按照权重分配模型计算各训练样本的权重,通过改进的KNN算法对测试样本进行分类。基于UCI数据集的大量实验结果表明,GAK-KNN算法的识别率和整体性能都优于传统KNN算法及其他改进算法。

基于KNN的特征自适应加权自然图像分类研究

针对自然图像类型广泛、结构复杂、分类精度不高的实际问题,提出了一种为自然图像不同特征自动加权值的K-近邻(K-nearest neighbors,KNN)分类方法。通过分析自然图像的不同特征对于分类结果的影响,采用基因遗传算法求得一组最优分类权值向量解,利用该最优权值对自然图像纹理和颜色两个特征分别进行加权,最后用自适应加权K-近邻算法实现对自然图像的分类。实验结果表明,在用户给定分类精度需求和低时间复杂度的约束下,算法能快速、高精度地进行自然图像分类。提出的自适应加权K-近邻分类方法对于门类繁多的自然图像具有普遍适用性,可以有效地提高自然图像的分类性能。

KNN算法的数据优化策略

为了解决基于KNN(K-Nearest Neighbors)算法的非参数回归短时交通状态预测模型执行效率低的问题,提出了KNN算法的数据优化策略。通过对交通状态时空特性的研究,采用层次化对象构造交通状态向量,并根据交通状态的自重复性对历史样本数据库进行数据压缩。实验证明,优化策略提高了KNN算法的执行效率,经过压缩后的数据存取时间比压缩前缩短了8.66%。

基于CEEMD和优化KNN的离心泵故障诊断方法

卧式离心泵实际测量中背景噪声含量较大,故障特征常被淹没,导致机械故障诊断效果较差,为了实时、精准地获得其运行状态,或对其进行故障诊断,提出了一种基于互补集合经验模态分解(CEEMD)和优化最邻近(KNN)算法的卧式离心泵机械故障诊断方法。首先,采集了卧式离心泵机械故障加速度信号,使用CEEMD对信号进行了一次分解,得到了本征模函数(IMF),采用相关系数法得到了IMF相关系数,确定了相关分量与不相关分量;其次,通过改进小波阈值去噪方法对不相关分量进行处理,提取了重构信号可分析的时频故障特征;最后,搭建了离心泵实验台,采用上述故障诊断方法对离心泵机械故障进行了分类诊断。研究结果表明:经CEEMD降噪后,信号评价指标信噪比(SNR)为2.2571,比原来的去噪方法提升了0.4381;优化后KNN分类对于卧式离心泵的机械故障诊断准确率可达96.7%,能够有效识别离心泵故障,达到智能诊断的目的。

基于文本加权KNN算法的中文垃圾短信过滤

针对K最近邻(KNN)算法在文本分类决策规则上由于样本重要性相同而导致分类效果不佳的问题,提出一种基于文本加权的KNN文本分类算法,并将其应用于垃圾短信的分类问题。在提取出特征词之后,考虑到特征词在文本中出现的频率对文本重要性的影响,引入第1个加权公式,同时针对垃圾短信数据集,采用关联规则算法挖掘出在垃圾短信中频繁出现的共现词组,并以此引入第2个加权公式,最后将引入的2种文本权重计算公式对每个短信文本进行复合加权处理,以区分各个训练样本对于判定隶属类别的影响程度,从而在分类决策规则上作出改进。实验结果表明,与未经过文本加权的KNN算法相比,该算法对垃圾短信和正常短信在分类准确率、召回率、F1值等指标上都有较大的提升。

用于不均衡数据集分类的KNN算法

针对KNN在处理不均衡数据集时,少数类分类精度不高的问题,提出了一种改进的算法G-KNN。该算法对少数类样本使用交叉算子和变异算子生成部分新的少数类样本,若新生成的少数类样本到父代样本的欧几里德距离小于父代少数类之间的最大距离,则认为是有效样本,并把这类样本加入到下轮产生少数类的过程中。在UCI数据集上进行测试,实验结果表明,该方法与KNN算法中应用随机抽样相比,在提高少数类的分类精度方面取得了较好的效果。

基于主动学习和TCM-KNN方法的有指导入侵检测技术

有指导网络入侵检测技术是网络安全领域研究的热点和难点内容,但目前仍然存在着对建立检测模型的数据要求过高、训练数据的标记需要依赖领域专家以及因此而导致的工作量及难度过大和实用性不强等问题,而当前的研究工作很少涉及到这些问题的解决办法.基于TCM-KNN数据挖掘算法,提出了一种有指导入侵检测的新方法,并且采用主动学习的方法,选择使用少量高质量的训练样本进行建模从而高效地完成入侵检测任务.实验结果表明:其相对于传统的有指导入侵检测方法,在保证较高检测率的前提下,有效地降低了误报率;在采用选择后的训练集以及进行特征选择等优化处理后,其性能没有明显的削减,因而更适用于现实的网络应用环境.

融合KNN优化的密度峰值和FCM聚类算法

针对模糊C均值(Fuzzy C-Means,FCM)聚类算法对初始聚类中心和噪声敏感、对边界样本聚类不够准确且易收敛于局部极小值等问题,提出了一种K邻近(KNN)优化的密度峰值(DPC)算法和FCM相结合的融合聚类算法(KDPC-FCM)。算法利用样本的K近邻信息定义样本局部密度,快速准确搜索样本的密度峰值点样本作为初始类簇中心,改善FCM聚类算法存在的不足,从而达到优化FCM聚类算法效果的目的。在多个UCI数据集、单个人造数据集、多种基准数据集和Geolife项目中的6个较大规模数据集上的实验结果表明,改进后的新算法与传统FCM算法、DSFCM算法对比,有着更好的抗噪性、聚类效果和更快的全局收敛速度,证明了新算法的可行性和有效性。

基于k-最近邻图的小样本KNN分类算法

提出一种基于k-最近邻图的小样本KNN分类算法。通过划分k-最近邻图,形成多个相似度较高的簇,根据簇内已有标记的数据对象来标识同簇中未标记的数据对象,同时剔除原样本集中的噪声数据,从而扩展样本集,利用该新样本集对类标号未知数据对象进行类别标识。采用标准数据集进行测试,结果表明该算法在小样本情况下能够提高KNN的分类精度,减小最近邻阈值k对分类效果的影响。

基于特征熵相关度差异的KNN算法

传统K最近邻(KNN)法在进行样本分类时容易产生无法判断或判断错误的问题。为此,将特征熵与KNN相结合,提出一种新的分类算法(FECD-KNN)。该算法采用熵作为类相关度,以其差异值计算样本距离。用熵理论规约分类相关度,并根据相关度间的差异值衡量特征对分类的影响程度,从而建立距离测度与类别间的内在联系。仿真实验结果表明,与KNN及Entropy-KNN法相比,FECD-KNN在保持效率的情况下,能够提高分类准确性。

基于改进Citation-KNN算法的性别识别研究

为了简化系统模型训练方法,提高性别识别系统的整体效率,提出了一种基于改进Citation-KNN算法的说话人性别识别方法。该方法将连续语音切分,训练每段语音的高斯混合模型(Gaussian Mixture Model,GMM)作为多示例包,其所有混合元为相应包中示例;采用改进的Hausdorff距离作为包与包之间的距离测度,通过Citation-KNN算法进行性别识别。该方法以多示例包间距离为分类依据,简化了系统训练,且识别率优于一些传统算法。

基于KNN-SVM的网络安全态势评估模型

为了提高网络安全态势评估性能,提出一种K近邻和支持向量机相融合的网络安全态势评估模型(KNN-SVM)。将网络安全数据集输入到支持向量机学习,找到支持向量集,对于待评估网络安全态势样本,计算其与最优分类超平面间的距离,如果距离大于阈值,采用支持向量机进行网络安全态势评估,否则采用K近邻进行评估,以解决支持向量机对超平面附近样本易错分的缺陷,减少SVM的误判率。仿真结果表明,相对于单独SVM,KNN-SVM提高了网络安全态势评估正确率,而且性能更加稳定。