Monthly Mean Temperature Prediction Based on a Multi－level Mapping Model of Neural Network BP Type

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Prediction Method of Vessel Maintenance Outlay Based on the BP Neural Network

With the development of technology, the performance of vessel equipment is improved, the structure is more complicated, the automation level is enhanced, the source needed by maintenance is increased and the outlay is rising day by day. For these questions, this paper analyzes the factors that affect the outlay of equipment maintenance, and describes the computational principle of the BP (back propagation) artificial neural network and its applications in the maintenance of naval ship and craft. Finally, a dynamic investment prediction model of outlay for the military equipment maintenance is designed. It is important for decreasing the entire ilfe period outlay and drawing up the maintenance plan and programming to analyze the position and action of maintenance outlay in entire life period outlay.

HCl emission characteristics and BP neural networks prediction in MSW/coal co-fired fluidized beds

The HCl emission characteristics of typical municipal solid waste(MSW) components and their mixtures have been investigated in a Φ150 mm fluidized bed. Some influencing factors of HCl emission in MSW fluidized bed incinerator was found in this study. The HCl emission is increasing with the growth of bed temperature, while it is decreasing with the increment of oxygen concentration at furnace exit. When the weight percentage of auxiliary coal is increased, the conversion rate of Cl to HCl is increasing. The HCl emission is decreased, if the sorbent(CaO) is added during the incineration process. Based on these experimental results, a 14×6×1 three-layer BP neural networks prediction model of HCl emission in MSW/coal co-fired fluidized bed incinerator was built. The numbers of input nodes and hidden nodes were fixed on by canonical correlation analysis technique and dynamic construction method respectively. The prediction results of this model gave good agreement with the experimental results, which indicates that the model has relatively high accuracy and good generalization ability. It was found that BP neural network is an effectual method used to predict the HCl emission of MSW/coal co-fired fluidized bed incinerator.

BP neural network model on the forecast for blasting vibrating parameters in the course of hole-by-hole detonation

According to the neural network theory, combined with the technical characteristicsof the hole-by-hole detonation technology, a BP network model on the forecast forblasting vibration parameters was built.Taking the deep hole stair demolition in a mine asan experimental object and using the raw information and the blasting vibration monitoringdata collected in the process of the hole-by-hole detonation, carried out some training andapplication work on the established BP network model through the Matlab software, andachieved good effect.Also computed the vibration parameter with the empirical formulaand the BP network model separately.After comparing with the actual value, it is discoveredthat the forecasting result by the BP network model is close to the actual value.

Ecological Carrying Capacity Prediction of Huainan City Based on GM–BP Neural Network

Evaluation of ecological carrying capacity is an important method of analyzing regional sustainable development, study on ecological carrying capacity is to settle the contradictions between resource and environment, and it is a significant basis for realizing regional sustainable development. This paper, on the basis of the academician Sun Tiehang's "unification of three" for the eco-city construction, established ecological carrying capacity evaluation indexes for the traditional industrial and mining city—Huainan City; and applied GM–BP neural network coupling model for the dynamic evolution and prediction of ecological carrying capacity of Huainan City in the future decade. The results showed that ecological carrying capacity index of Huainan would be 2.13 by 2025, higher than the loadable state 1, so the ecological carrying capacity would keep in the over-loaded level, but the over-loaded degree would be lower than the current. Carrying capacity of arable land, energy and water resources contribute greatly to the improvement of ecological carrying capacity, thus it is imperative to adjust this unreasonable and unsustainable ecological consumption relationship, enhance environmental protection awareness and high-efficiency utilization of resources, and take an energy-saving and intensive development path.

Structure analysis of shale and prediction of shear wave velocity based on petrophysical model and neural network

Accurate shear wave velocity is very important for seismic inversion.However,few researches in the shear wave velocity in organic shale have been carried out so far.In order to analyze the structure of organic shale and predict the shear wave velocity,the authors propose two methods based on petrophysical model and BP neural network respectively,to calculate shear wave velocity.For the method based on petrophysics model,the authors discuss the pore structure and the space taken by kerogen to construct a petrophysical model of the shale,and establish the quantitative relationship between the P-wave and S-wave velocities of shale and physical parameters such as pore aspect ratio,porosity and density.The best estimation of pore aspect ratio can be obtained by minimizing the error between the predictions and the actual measurements of the P-wave velocity.The optimal porosity aspect ratio and the shear wave velocity are predicted.For the BP neural network method that applying BP neural network to the shear wave prediction,the relationship between the physical properties of the shale and the elastic parameters is obtained by training the BP neural network,and the P-wave and S-wave velocities are predicted from the reservoir parameters based on the trained relationship.The above two methods were tested by using actual logging data of the shale reservoirs in the Jiaoshiba area of Sichuan Province.The predicted shear wave velocities of the two methods match well with the actual shear wave velocities,indicating that these two methods are effective in predicting shear wave velocity.

基于PCA-BP神经网络的巷道通风摩擦阻力系数预测模型

根据实测巷道通风摩擦阻力系数数据的特点,建立了主成分分析PCA-BP神经网络预测模型。采用PCA法对影响巷道通风摩擦阻力系数的支护类型、断面形状、巷道宽、巷道高、支护部分周边长、巷道断面积和巷道长度7个因素进行降维。将降维后因素的贡献率进行排序筛选,得到3个主成分指标(F_(1)、F_(2)和F_(3)),作为BP神经网络输入层的神经元。利用实测数据对PCA-BP神经网络模型进行训练和测试,并将测试结果与支持向量机回归(SVM)模型和BP神经网络模型的测试结果进行对比,结果显示:全因素的BP神经网络预测模型和SVM预测模型的平均精度分别为92.9420%、93.0235%,而PCA-BP预测模型的平均精度达到了96.4325%。PCA-BP神经网络模型不但简化了网络结构,更提高了网络的泛化能力,使预测误差更小、精度更高,为更准确地获得巷道通风摩擦阻力系数提供了一种有效的方法。

基于改进PSO-BP神经网络的热采管柱应力预测

稠油热采过程中,油套管柱由于在温度、地层等多重载荷作用下发生塑性形变进而导致断裂或失效。文中根据热采管柱高温服役工况,引入异步变化学习因子和自适应权重建立输入参数为注汽温度、井深、非均匀系数和水泥环温度,输出参数为套管应力的改进PSO-BP模型。文中以N80热采套管为例,选取260、280、300、320、340℃5种温度工况下有限元模拟结果作为训练数据,对比BP模型、GA-BP模型、MEA-BP模型、PSO-BP模型和改进PSO-BP模型在300℃工况温度下井深200、300、400、500、600、700 m处套管应力的预测值和试验值、有限元计算值。结果表明:改进PSO-BP模型预测的应力与试验值最接近,最大和最小误差分别为2.69%和0.06%。最后从训练数据、预测误差、计算时间等方面对建立的改进PSO-BP模型进行了评价,为热采管柱服役过程中的强度安全分析提供智能高效的模型。

基于BP神经网络的集中供热二次网回水温度预测控制研究

针对集中供热系统二次管网存在的水力失调问题,设计了二次网水力平衡调节及回水温度预测模型,并实施智能控制策略,以实现二次网回水温度的精准控制。首先,构建BP神经网络预测模型,将此模型的输出视为二次网回水温度给定值;其次,在整个系统控制中,实施BP神经网络与PID控制器相结合的策略,进行二次网回水温度的控制。以高邑县某小区换热站数据为基础,通过阶跃响应曲线法建立二次网回水温度控制系统的数学模型,并通过BP-PID控制进行仿真实验。实验结果表明,与传统PID控制器相比,BP-PID控制器具有调节时间短、超调量小的优点,能够快速达到平稳状态。

基于FOA-BP-AdaBoost的大坝变形预测模型及应用

为提升大坝变形监测预测精度,解决变形量受多因素影响等问题,笔者提出了基于果蝇优化算法(FOA)、BP神经网络的AdaBoost强预测组合模型(FOA-BP-AdaBoost),并与BP神经网络模型、FOA-BP神经网络模型应用于工程实例中的预测精度进行多方位量化对比。结果表明:强预测模型集齐了果蝇算法全局优化、BP神经网络局部寻优和AdaBoost“优中选优”的特点,最大程度优化了预测效果;实例应用证实了FOA-BP-AdaBoost模型在大坝变形预测领域的准确性和有效性。该模型已成功应用于工程实例,可为类似工程提供参考。

基于GA-BP神经网络长服役期内结构混凝土的强度演变预测

为研究长服役期内既有混凝土结构的强度演变规律及其预测模型,以唐包铁路、西户铁路等实际工程为研究背景,以服役时间为2、16、25、30、40、52、66、88、95和100 a的在役桥涵为研究对象,基于混凝土回弹法,开展役桥涵混凝土强度试验,分析长服役期内既有桥涵混凝土强度动态发展过程。同时,基于试验实测混凝土强度数据与收集的230组同类条件下在役桥涵(服役时间2~88 a)混凝土强度数据,构建GA-BP神经网络混凝土强度预测模型。此外,为提高模型可应用性,基于高精度GA-BP神经网络强度预测模型,建立一般矩阵公式和简化公式。基于本文构建的混凝土强度预测模型,分析该类地区(试验中已调研区域)长服役期内混凝土结构的强度演变规律。研究结果表明:相较于既有混凝土强度预测模型,本文构建的GA-BP神经网络混凝土强度预测模型可有效预测不同服役时间下的混凝土强度,预测数据的平均绝对百分比误差为8.76%,决定系数为0.83。本文简化公式(C25)精度较高,平均绝对百分比误差为6.6%,为便于简化计算,推荐简化公式(C25)作为长服役期内混凝土强度预测公式。百年服役期内混凝土强度经历2个时间阶段,即混凝土强度缓慢上升期(1~49 a)、混凝土强度快速下降期(49~100 a)。随混凝土结构服役时间增加,混凝土结构劣化速率增加,导致混凝土结构在长期服役过程中,混凝土强度不能满足混凝土结构服役要求。

PCA-BP模型下皖北城市群PM_(2.5)浓度分析

为探究皖北城市群大气污染物在不同地域、不同时间下的分布规律以及影响空气中PM_(2.5)浓度的相关变量,结合2018—2021年安徽省生态环境厅统计数据及相关地域资料,采用主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA)法按时间段长短及季节性变化分别选取月度数据与年度数据对空气质量的影响因子做相关性分析,对比分析不同季节下空气污染物PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)的浓度及其他空气污染物浓度的变化,构建基于PCA算法的反向传播神经网络(back-propagation, BP),建立PCA-BP模型并采用交叉-验证法提高模型精度,对大气污染物PM_(2.5)的浓度做短期预测。实验结果表明:PM_(2.5)浓度的主要影响因子为PM_(10)、CO、NO_(2)、SO_(2);皖北地区PM_(2.5)含量整体在冬季偏高;预测模型的精度在夏季与秋季较高,冬季较低,四季的预测精度R2分别达到0.924、0.958、0.935、0.794。

基于BP-ANN与RBF-ANN的钢筋与混凝土黏结强度预测模型研究

为研究神经网络对钢筋与混凝土黏结强度的预测能力以及神经网络的输出性能,基于大量的试验数据,提出一种基于改进神经网络的变形钢筋与混凝土黏结强度预测模型,对混凝土结构的研究与实际工程应用均有着重要的意义。收集290组黏结锚固试验数据,引入基于反向传播人工神经网络(BP-ANN)与径向基函数神经网络(RBF-ANN)算法,揭示混凝土强度、保护层厚度、钢筋直径、锚固长度及配箍率对变形钢筋与混凝土黏结性能的影响规律,建立基于改进神经网络算法的钢筋与混凝土黏结强度预测模型。对比分析不同数据预处理方法和训练神经元个数对建议模型预测结果的影响,评估各经典模型与建议模型的预测精度和离散性,提出临界锚固长度计算公式。结果表明:BP-ANN预测值与试验值比值的均值、标准差及变异系数分别为1.009、0.188、0.86,其预测精度略高于RBF-ANN;建议模型能够更准确、更稳定地预测钢筋与混凝土的黏结强度,该方法为解决钢筋与混凝土黏结问题提供了新思路。

BP神经网络在混凝土性能预测中的应用

综述了BP神经网络在混凝土抗压强度及其他力学性能、耐久性、混凝土结构构件相关性能预测中的应用。综述表明,模型误差在工程可控范围内,模型泛化能力较强,利用BP神经网络对混凝土性能开展预测是可行的。

基于BP神经网络的固化红土抗压强度预测

为分析不同掺量的偏高岭土与石灰共同掺入玄武岩残积红土中对土体的改良效果,本试验选取偏高岭土的掺量分别为0%、2%、4%、6%和8%,石灰的掺量分别为0%、2.5%、5.0%、7.5%和10.0%,同时掺入玄武岩残积红土中,制作25组不同固化红土,对其进行28 d无侧限抗压强度正交试验,并用MATLAB软件建立神经网络预测模型,预测固化红土养护28 d的抗压强度。研究结果表明:本模型预测误差最大为4.56%,拟合度为0.997,且本方法比常规回归分析法更简单、更准确,可预测不同固结材料和掺量的固化红土抗压强度,提高试验效率。

基于BP神经网络的乒乓球优秀女子单打比赛结果预测模型构建及仿真应用

为构建优秀女子运动员技战术表现与比赛获胜的理论模型,合理安排技战术训练及比赛策略提供参考借鉴。运用录像观察法、数理统计法及BP神经网络构建乒乓球优秀女子单打比赛结果预测模型。在此基础上,利用预测模型仿真分析新型塑料球时代优秀女子乒乓球运动员在不同水平技战术组合下的比赛获胜模式。本文构建的预测模型R为0.978,R~2为0.956,平均绝对误差为0.0085,模型精度达到98.4%;仿真分析1 024种技战术段组合结果可知,568种组合的预测结果为获胜,456种组合的预测结果为失败。结论:基于BP神经网络构建的乒乓球优秀女子单打比赛结果预测模型拟合效果佳,个案实证预测效果较好,具有较高的预测性能;新型塑料球时代优秀女子运动员在单打比赛中,各技战术段之间的补偿效应因技战术段和等级而有所不同,评估总分17分为女子单打比赛胜负的分界点,不同水平技战术段组合的比赛评估总分大于17分即可取得比赛胜利,低于17分则会落败。

基于BP神经网络的UHT纯牛奶包装货架期预测

为探究初始蛋白质与脂肪含量、贮藏温度对UHT纯牛奶包装货架期的影响,以三种UHT纯牛奶为研究对象,试验测定23、30和37℃贮藏过程中样品褐变指数、蛋白水解度指标。将数据集整合,根据其在预测集上的表现确定具体的输入参数,开展基于BP神经网络的UHT纯牛奶包装货架期预测。结果表明,BP神经网络模型对UHT牛奶褐变指数、蛋白水解度指标的拟合度为0.9412、0.9527,相较于传统多元线性回归模型的0.8799和0.9211,经优化隐含层神经元数的BP神经网络模型对UHT纯牛奶贮藏期间的特征指标变化预测精度更高,为不同配方UHT纯牛奶货架期的快速准确预测提供技术支持。

Application of Grey Model and Neural Network in Financial Revenue Forecast

There are many influencing factors of fiscal revenue,and traditional forecasting methods cannot handle the feature dimensions well,which leads to serious over-fitting of the forecast results and unable to make a good estimate of the true future trend.The grey neural network model fused with Lasso regression is a comprehensive prediction model that combines the grey prediction model and the BP neural network model after dimensionality reduction using Lasso.It can reduce the dimensionality of the original data,make separate predictions for each explanatory variable,and then use neural networks to make multivariate predictions,thereby making up for the shortcomings of traditional methods of insufficient prediction accuracy.In this paper,we took the financial revenue data of China’s Hunan Province from 2005 to 2019 as the object of analysis.Firstly,we used Lasso regression to reduce the dimensionality of the data.Because the grey prediction model has the excellent predictive performance for small data volumes,then we chose the grey prediction model to obtain the predicted values of all explanatory variables in 2020,2021 by using the data of 2005–2019.Finally,considering that fiscal revenue is affected by many factors,we applied the BP neural network,which has a good effect on multiple inputs,to make the final forecast of fiscal revenue.The experimental results show that the combined model has a good effect in financial revenue forecasting.

基于GA-BPANN的钻井机械钻速预测模型

在钻井过程中,优化钻井技术可以降低钻井成本和减少施工事故,而钻速预测是优化钻井的基础。为了提高机械钻速(ROP)预测模型的准确性,开发了一种遗传算法优化的BP人工神经网络(GA-BPANN)的ROP预测模型。首先,采用最大信息系数(MIC)方法进行特征选择降低模型冗余,并将数据进行标准化处理。其次,利用遗传算法(GA)对BPANN的初始权重和偏置进行优化,建立ROP预测新模型。最后,将新模型与BPANN、支持向量回归(SVR)模型进行对比分析。研究结果表明,GA-BPANN模型具有较高的预测精度,同时为钻井过程中提高ROP提供科学依据。

Theoretical Study of Continuous B-Cell Epitopes with Developed BP Neural Network

In order to identify continuous B-cell epitopes effectively and to increase the success rate of experimental identification, the modified Back Propagation artificial neural network (BP neural network) was used to predict the continuous B-cell epitopes, and finally the predictive model for the B-cells epitopes was established. Comparing with the other predictive models, the prediction performance of this model is more excellent (AUC = 0.723). For the purpose of verifying the performance of the model, the prediction to the SWISS PROT NUMBER: P08677 was carried on, and the satisfying results were obtained.