Evolution of Handicraft Industries in the Textile Sector in Saudi Arabia: A Comprehensive Analysis of Trends and Innovations

This review explores the evolution of the textile handicraft industry in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing its cultural and economic significance. The study highlights the transition from traditional practices to modern innovations and examines the impact of globalization and technological advancements on the industry. Key innovations are discussed, demonstrating their role in enhancing textile production while preserving cultural heritage. Major challenges, such as competition from industrial textiles and the need for sustainable practices, are identified. Opportunities for growth are explored, including leveraging tourism and international markets to promote Saudi handicrafts. The social and cultural impacts of the sector are underscored, particularly in sustaining community traditions and providing economic opportunities for artisans. Strategic recommendations for supporting and advancing the industry are offered, ensuring its continued relevance and sustainability in a rapidly changing global market. This analysis provides a robust framework for understanding the current state and future potential of Saudi Arabia’s textile handicraft industry.

The Effect of Key Nodes on theMalware Dynamics in the Industrial Control Network

As industrialization and informatization becomemore deeply intertwined,industrial control networks have entered an era of intelligence.The connection between industrial control networks and the external internet is becoming increasingly close,which leads to frequent security accidents.This paper proposes a model for the industrial control network.It includes a malware containment strategy that integrates intrusion detection,quarantine,and monitoring.Basedonthismodel,the role of keynodes in the spreadofmalware is studied,a comparisonexperiment is conducted to validate the impact of the containment strategy.In addition,the dynamic behavior of the model is analyzed,the basic reproduction number is computed,and the disease-free and endemic equilibrium of the model is also obtained by the basic reproduction number.Moreover,through simulation experiments,the effectiveness of the containment strategy is validated,the influence of the relevant parameters is analyzed,and the containment strategy is optimized.In otherwords,selective immunity to key nodes can effectively suppress the spread ofmalware andmaintain the stability of industrial control systems.The earlier the immunization of key nodes,the better.Once the time exceeds the threshold,immunizing key nodes is almost ineffective.The analysis provides a better way to contain the malware in the industrial control network.

Fuzzy MADM Approach for Identification of Key Sectors of Tajikistan Economy

The development strategy, focused on the promotion of the efficient and prospective production sectors required for effectively solving social, economic and other problems becomes very important in resource allocation decision making process of developing countries. The structural hierarchy, comprising social, economic, technological and environmental aspects, which is involved in the selection of sectors constructed according to the hierarchical system of objectives. The Fuzzy Multi-attribute Decision Making method is used to rank the sectors by indicating the degree to which an alternative satisfies the global objectives of criteria obtained by aggregation operations in fuzzy environment. By applying the developed approach to defining and identifying the key sectors of an economy, we can rank the aggregated 17 sectors of the Tajikistan economy according to their degree of achievement in satisfying key criteria.

Analysis on the Efficiency of Anhui's Industrial Sectors under the Carbon Emission Constraints

This paper uses the SBM-DDF model to measure the green inefficiency of all kinds of industries in Anhui Province under the constraint of carbon emissions from 2006 to 2014.The results show that whether from the perspective of the overall industries in Anhui Province or from the perspective of separate industry groups,the sources of the green inefticiency are mainly from insufficient industrial output,followed by excessive emissions of CO2.The green inefficiency values of each group(from big to small)are sized down by high-emission industries,medium-emission industries and low-emission industries respectively.During the period of research,the effect of the emission reduction in high-emission industries was not significant,and the potential of reducing the green inefficiency in the medium-emission and low-emission industries by increasing the output was not large.

Carbon emissions of China's industrial sectors based on input-output analysis

This study uses an input-output model presenting the embodied carbon emission in the importexport procedure, as well as the responsibility allocation between China's 35 sectors and 7 main trade partners from 1995 to 2011. Results indicate that the amount of carbon emissions in China's industrial sectors is immense and that the industrial sectors are in serious imbalance. Such imbalance exists mainly in textiles, basic and fabricated metal, electrical and optical equipment,and machinery, among others. Based on the consumer-responsibility principle, the responsibility of 29 departments is reduced. Correspondingly, foreign sectors become more responsible.America, as China's largest trading partner, should account for most of the total responsibility,followed by developed countries such as Japan, South Korea, and Germany.

Does strict environmental regulation enhance the global value chains position of China's industrial sector?

Given the vital importance of global value chains(GVCs)position for a country's international competitiveness,this paper tries to investigate the impacts of environmental regulation on the GVCs position of China's industrial sector.Using the latest value-added decomposition method,we first measure the GVCs position of China's industrial sector from 2003 to 2014.Subsequently,both two-stage least squares(2 SLS)method with panel data and mediating effect model are employed to empirically examine the effects of environmental regulation on China's position in GVCs.The results indicate that environmental regulation has significantly upgraded the GVCs position of China's industrial sector,and the effect is more evident for the sub-sectors with originally lower GVCs position.The mediation effect test shows that increasing R&D investment is an important channel through which environmental regulation affects the GVCs position of China's industrial sector,which verifies the existence of the Porter hypothesis.Further analysis finds that the enhancement of GVCs position of China's industrial sector caused by environmental regulation is mainly achieved through reducing the backward GVCs position.

Estimation of emission reduction potential in China's industrial sector

The industrial sector is usually the largest economy sector for carbon emissions in many countries,which made it the sector with greatest potential for carbon reduction although the process duration might be very long.Studying the potential of industrial emission reduction has great significance in estimating the carbon emission peak of China on the one hand,and adjusting its strategy in international climate change negotiations.By employing the economic accounting method,this article estimates the emission reduction potential of China's Industrial sector for the period of 2010-2050.It reveals that,taking 2030 as the year when the emission reaches the peak,the total reduction can be 8.38 billion tons(bts) for the period of 2010-2030,with 3.12 bts from structural reduction while 5.26 bts from intensity reduction.Afterwards,reduction will continue with a total amount of 6.59 bts for the period of 2030-2050,where the structural reduction accounts for 2.47 bts,and intensity reduction 4.115 bts.If both industrial and energy consumption structures are improved during the above period,the reduction potential can be even greater,e.g.the emission peak can arrive five years earlier(in the year of 2025) and the peak value can decline by about 8%as compared to the original estimation.Reviewing the trajectory of emission changes in developed countries indicates that the industry sector can contribute to the overall reduction targets through the dual wheels of structural reduction and intensity reduction,even beyond the emission peak.This article concludes with the following policy suggestions.(1) Our estimation on the emission peak of the industrial sector suggests that China should avoid any commitment earlier than 2030 on the timeline of the overall emission peak;(2) the great potential of industrial emission reduction can improve the situation of China in climate change negotiation,where the intensity reduction can serve as an important policy option.(3) Reduction potential can be further enhanced through technology advancement,which requires furthering of market oriented reforms and improvement of institutional design.(4) To secure the reduction effects of the industrial structure adjustment,the balanced development among different regions should be encouraged in order to avoid the reverse adjustment caused by industrial transferring.(5) International cooperation promoting the application and development of industrial emission reduction technologies,including carbon capture,utilization and storage,should be encouraged.

A Novel Hybrid Approach to Estimate Customer Interruption Costs for Industry Sectors

The power system infrastructure, operations and market have gone through radical changes for the last couple of decades. The society has become more dependent to the continuous electric power supply and hence the concept of electric power reliability has become more significant. At this point, understanding the economic outcomes of power outages is vital and imperative for both utilities and the customers. There are certain methodologies to understand the costs of power interruptions. This paper suggests a novel hybrid method that comprises of customer surveys and direct analytical methods to reach customer specific, objective and reliable results for the industry sector customers. The paper also brings a statistical approach to censor the zero and extreme responses given via the surveys.

The Convergence Analysis on the Economic Growth and Energy Intensity Gap between Regional Sectors

In this paper,the authors have analyzed the relationship between energy intensity gap and GDP per worker gap of China's western and eastern provinces over the period 1997-2006.Using panel data model with lag adjustment,taking the above provinces and six industrial sectors (agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry,and fisheries,industry,construction industry,transport,storage and post & telecommunications,wholesale and retail trades & catering industry,and other sectors of tertiary industry.) as the investigated subjects,the authors have conducted empirical study on the convergence of GDP per worker gap and the convergence of energy intensity gap with respect to the variation of GDP per worker gap,and have concluded that:First,the GDP per worker gap of the six industrial sectors and provinces are convergent,and of this,the convergence rate of GDP per worker gap of Construction Industry is the fastest,while that of Industry is the slowest.Second,the overall energy intensity gap between eastern and western provinces is convergent,that is,with the narrowing of GDP per worker gap between eastern and western provinces,the energy intensity gap converges,but its convergence rate is slower than that of GDP per worker gap.Third,energy intensity gap between various industrial sectors of the east and the west is either convergent or divergent,and there are differences.The energy intensity gap of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry,and fisheries,industry,and construction industry is convergent,while that of the other three industrial sectors is divergent.Fourth,the convergence of the overall energy intensity of the western provinces is not in conformity with the convergence of the various industrial sectors,and there are significant differences,indicating that the western provinces and autonomous regions should take measures to more effectively improve their overall energy utilization efficiency at the industrial sector level.

Incentive allocation of shared property in transportation industries with network characteristics

Industries with network characteristics always have some special features, which differ from the ordinary business companies. Some scholars hold the theoretical viewpoint that these industries bear the characteristics of natural monopoly, externality, measurement difficulty, etc. However, all these theories can explain why the network industries, especially prominent in transportation industries, are confronted with many difficulties in their process of reform and reorganization. But, there is something deep-seated that can explain why network industries such as railway, highway, aviation, telecommunication, water, gas, etc. have the characteristics of natural monopoly. The paper holds that： （1） Shared property in transportation industries such as the network infrastructure, station and marshalling yard, dispatch and control right, serves more than two enterprises or even hundreds of relative enterprises. （2） Shared property makes it possible for great amount of product quantity to share the sunken cost. Therefore, economy of scale and economy of scope thus exist in transportation sectors, which is called network economy. （3） From the input and output relationships in transportation industries with network features, there exists a law of increasing returns to scale, which is opposite to the classic economy theory that diminishing returns to scale will appear finally. Why？ It is because of the existence of shared property. Not only production cost, but also the transaction cost among transportation enterprises can be reduced. （4） We establish a quantitative model to testify the theory. The implication is that, the lack of incentive allocation is, if not all, one reason causing the usage inefficiency of the rights concerned. The low efficiency manifests in two aspects： the first one is the organization boundary, that is, transportation enterprises are not real enterprises at present. The second one is the so-called mixed task equilibrium of railway affairs. We haven＇t separated the shared property from the private ones.

Industrial Policy Analysis of Restricted Development Zones in Western China——A Study of State-level Main Producing Areas of Agricultural Products and Key Ecological Functional Areas

As one of the important policies of promoting the formation of main functional areas, the industrial policy directly determines the sustainable growth of space control ability of main functional areas. A restricted development zone is a type of main functional area which provides agricultural products and ecological products, assures the supply of national agricultural products and the stability of ecosystems, as well as safeguards the ecological functions and agricultural functions of wider regions by restricting its own development. Therefore scientific, complete and operable industrial policy support is needed. Restricted development zones are distributed widely in western China. With the restriction of their main functions, differential industrial policies should be implemented in the development of the restricted development zones: Dealing well with the relationship between industrial development and ecological protection, developing special industries which are friendly to resources and environment and appropriate for local conditions, guiding and encouraging industries to learn from regions with favorable development conditions, orderly withdrawing industries and enterprises adverse to main functions, facilitating industrial structure upgrading, optimizing industrial organization, improving industrial technological level and rationalizing industrial layout.

The Regional and Industrial Effects of FDI on Chinese Manufacturing Sector

This paper investigates the regional and industrial effects of FDI on Chinese manufacturing sector since China entered WTO. We find that FDI plays a different role in the development of different areas and industries through a comparison with state-controlled industrial enterprises in China. More establishments of smaller foreign funded enterprises and less foreign capital with a high level of management should promote the competition to stimulate manufacturing growth in eastern area, while fewer establishments of foreign funded enterprises with a large capital should make a great stimulus to the western manufacturing development. Both foreign capital and the establishment of foreign industrial enterprises have a great effect on the whole manufacturing sector by industry.

Employment and Wage Effects of RMB Exchange Rate for Manufacturing Sectors in China and the US

By creating a labor market dynamic general equilibrium model, this paper derives the pass-through mechanism of exchange rate's employment and wage effects,carries out an empirical study on the employment and wage effects of RMB exchange rate for manufacturing sectors in China and the United States based on ridge regression, and examines the role of industry characteristics in this process. Research findings suggest that: RMB depreciation will drive employment and wage growth for most of China's laborintensive manufacturing sectors, and RMB appreciation will increase employment for certain capital-and technology-intensive sectors; but RMB depreciation has insignificant employment and wage effects for most sectors in the US. Hence, in achieving the longterm stability of RMB exchange rate, China should take advantage of RMB appreciation's manufacturing upgrade effect and ensure the steady growth of manufacturing employment.The US should make breakthroughs in various links of its economic development in order to tackle unemployment, instead of blaming RMB exchange rate. In addition, the nature of business activities and trade union characteristic are both significant factors that lead to differences in inter-sector employment levels of Chinese and US manufacturing sectors.Technology characteristic and other monopolistic characteristics exert decisive effects on the difference of wage return for various sectors in China and the US.

Entrepreneurial Orientation and Innovation Ecosystems in the Industrial Sector, Central Region, Kampala, Uganda: A Review

This review explores entrepreneurial orientation and innovation ecosystems in the industrial sector of the Central Region, Kampala, Uganda, through an analysis of ten scholarly articles. The study contextualizes the research within the regional landscape and establishes a theoretical framework through a focused literature review. Key findings highlight the intersection of entrepreneurial activities and innovation dynamics, emphasizing the region’s unique contributions to the broader field. Discussions on discrepancies and unexplored territories within the articles offer insights into limitations and research gaps. The manuscript concludes by identifying future research avenues, providing a roadmap for ongoing inquiry into the entrepreneurial and innovative dimensions of the Central Region’s industrial sector. This synthesis underscores the importance of cultivating an entrepreneurial mindset and collaborative innovation strategies for sustainable industrial development in the region.

Cogeneration Potential in the Industrial Sector and Gas Emission Reduction: A Case Study

The aim of the current paper is to discuss the replacement of diesel oil (DO) consumption by natural gas (NG) in a cogeneration system. A specific industrial consumption case study was chosen to be the method used to accomplish a robust analysis. The results have shown the advantages in reducing CO2, CH4, N2O and particulate matter emissions, as well as the need to keep the NOx emission rates. After proceeding with theoretical studies concerning our case, we concluded that the diesel oil replacement by natural gas is beneficial for gas emission reduction. Public policies should consider local development based on the use of different fuels, such natural gas, to achieve the integration between decentralized energy generation and energy-efficient initiatives.

How can technology and efficiency alleviate the dilemma of economic growth and carbon emissions in China's industrial economy? A metafrontier decoupling decomposition analysis

This paper attempts to explore the decoupling relationship and its drivers between industrial economic increase and energy-related CO_(2) emissions(ICE). Firstly, the decoupling relationship was evaluated by Tapio index. Then, based on the DEA meta-frontier theory framework which taking into account the regional and industrial heterogeneity and index decomposition method, the driving factors of decoupling process were explored mainly from the view of technology and efficiency. The results show that during2000-2019, weak decoupling was the primary state. Investment scale expansion was the largest reason hindering decoupling process of industrial increase from ICE. Both energy saving and production technology achieved significant progress, which facilitated the decoupling process. Simultaneously, the energy technology gap and production technology gap among regions have been narrowed, and played a role in promoting decoupling process. On the contrary, both scale economy efficiency and pure technical efficiency have inhibiting effects on decoupling process. The former indicates that the scale economy of China's industry was not conducive to improve energy efficiency and production efficiency, while the latter indicates that resource misallocation problem may exist in both energy market and product market.

Training More Key Members of Plant Engineering for Industrial Enterprises

The plant is the material base of modern industry.In order to improve the performance of plants and the quality of products,it is very important that more key members shuld be educated and trained for mastering the maintenance and management of modern equipment.Since the founding of the China Research and Education Center of Plant Engineering(CRECPE)in 1984,the short-time training class has run 102 times,and more than 6 000 people trained during the past twelve years.This paper introduces modern industrial training based at CRECPE:its experiences, its training programs and methods,its new problems,and developments in the future.

Moving Africa Towards Sustainable Health Systems via the Fourth Industrial Revolution:Balancing Innovation with the Right to Privacy

This article explores how the Fourth Industrial Revolution(4IR)can transform and enhance sustainable health systems in Africa,supporting the continent’s growth and development goals.The 4IR integrates digital technologies such as Artificial Intelligence(AI),robotics,automation,big data,machine learning,the Internet of Things(IoT),algorithms,and data-driven innovations,offering unique opportunities to address persistent healthcare challenges in Africa.However,this paper will focus specifically on AI systems within the healthcare sector.The paper will investigate how to address AI-related concerns,including privacy rights violations,data exploitation,and the lack of education and training in adopting these advanced technologies in hospitals.The study aims to find a balance between protecting patients’data and privacy through cybersecurity and effectively utilizing AI systems in healthcare.This balance can be achieved by adopting a robust ethical and legal framework that establishes precise data and privacy protection policies,ensuring that AI systems are used responsibly and in compliance with established standards.

“语言是生产力”视角下的语言产业元行业研究

面对技术变革与消费需求变化,语言产业如何更好地发挥生产力功能是亟待深入思考的问题。对比各语言行业的产值规模、分析各语言行业在整个语言产业中的占比及其对其他语言行业的辐射带动功能,可以较为清晰地勾勒出9个语言行业间的关系脉络。语言技术行业既是语言产业更好地发挥生产力功能的重要引擎,也是国家科技生产力中至关重要的组成部分。基于语言技术行业的特性与功能,可以将其称为语言产业中的“元行业”。文章旨在围绕语言产业助力新质生产力发展,对作为“元行业”的语言技术行业的产品构成、产值规模、行业功能等进行研究。在此基础上,就如何有效发挥语言技术行业在语言产业以及整个国民经济中的引擎功能进行深入探讨。

水利新质生产力的理论基础、内涵特征与发展重点

水利新质生产力作为发展新质生产力的重要组成部分,在水资源的高效管理、利用及可持续发展方面发挥着重要作用,探讨其内涵特征与发展重点以及它在水利领域的具体体现,有助于促进水利行业的高质量发展。采用文献研究法梳理得出新质生产力理论的产生背景与发展路径,结合水利行业特点,对水利新质生产力的六大特征和五大发展重点以及面临的挑战进行了深入分析,阐释了水利新质生产力对现代水资源管理的重要性,揭示了科技创新在推动水利产业转型中的关键作用,并指出通过前沿技术创新、制度创新、产业发展等手段实现水资源管理的优化的重要意义。