A knockout reaction experiment was carried out by using the 6He beam at 82.5 MeV/nucleon impinging on CH2 and C targets. The a core fragments at forward angles were detected in coincidence with the recoiled protons at...A knockout reaction experiment was carried out by using the 6He beam at 82.5 MeV/nucleon impinging on CH2 and C targets. The a core fragments at forward angles were detected in coincidence with the recoiled protons at larger angles. From this exclusive measure- ment the valence nucleon knockout mechanism and the core knockout mechanism are separated. This study provides a basis for the exclusive spectroscopic investigation of the exotic nuclei.展开更多
An experiment for knockout reaction induced by SHe beam at 82.5 MeV/nucleon on CH2 and C targets was carried out. The 6He and 4He core fragments at forward angles and the recoiled protons at large angles were detected...An experiment for knockout reaction induced by SHe beam at 82.5 MeV/nucleon on CH2 and C targets was carried out. The 6He and 4He core fragments at forward angles and the recoiled protons at large angles were detected coincidently. From this exclusive measurement the valence nucleon knockout mechanism and the core knockout mechanism are separated, which can be applied to the exclusive spectroscopic study on the structure of exotic nuclei.展开更多
Knockout reaction experiment was carried out by using the 6He beams at 61.2 MeV/u impinging on a CH2 target. The α core fragments at forward angles were detected in coincidence with the recoiled protons at larger ang...Knockout reaction experiment was carried out by using the 6He beams at 61.2 MeV/u impinging on a CH2 target. The α core fragments at forward angles were detected in coincidence with the recoiled protons at larger angles. From this exclusive meas urement the valence nucleon knockout mechanism and the core knockout mechanism can be distinguished by the relation be tween the polar angles of the core fragments and the recoiled protons, respectively. It is demonstrated that the core knockout mechanism may result in some strong contamination to the real invariant mass spectrum.展开更多
A knockout reaction induced by ^6He at 61.2 MeV/u was carried out at the HIRFL-RIBLL ra- dioactive beam line. The α core fragments at forward angles were detected in coincidence with the recoiled protons at large ang...A knockout reaction induced by ^6He at 61.2 MeV/u was carried out at the HIRFL-RIBLL ra- dioactive beam line. The α core fragments at forward angles were detected in coincidence with the recoiled protons at large angles. From this coincident measurement the valence nucleon knockout mechanism and the core knockout mechanism can be separated according to the polar angle correlation between the core fragments and the recoiled protons. It is demonstrated that, when reconstructing the resonant state of a weakly bound nucleus, the contamination resulting from the core knockout mechanism should be eliminated in order to obtain the correct structure information.展开更多
The demanganization reaction kinetics of carbon-saturated liquid iron with an eight-component slag consisting of CaO–SiO2–MgO–FeO–MnO–Al2O3–TiO2–CaF2 was investigated at 1553, 1623, and 1673 K in this study. Th...The demanganization reaction kinetics of carbon-saturated liquid iron with an eight-component slag consisting of CaO–SiO2–MgO–FeO–MnO–Al2O3–TiO2–CaF2 was investigated at 1553, 1623, and 1673 K in this study. The rate-controlling step（RCS） for the demanganization reaction with regard to the hot metal pretreatment conditions was studied via kinetics analysis based on the fundamental equation of heterogeneous reaction kinetics. From the temperature dependence of the mass transfer coefficient of a transition-metal oxide（MnO）, the apparent activation energy of the demanganization reaction was estimated to be 189.46 kJ·mol^–1 in the current study, which indicated that the mass transfer of MnO in the molten slag controlled the overall rate of the demanganization reaction. The calculated apparent activation energy was slightly lower than the values reported in the literature for mass transfer in a slag phase. This difference was attributed to an increase in the ＂specific reaction interface＂（SRI） value, either as a result of turbulence at the reaction interface or a decrease of the absolute amount of slag phase during sampling, and to the addition of calcium fluoride to the slag.展开更多
The breakup reaction of ~9Li on a Pb target has been measured at 32.7 MeV/nucleon for the first time. Two peaks of ~6He+t coincident fragments at 9.8 and 12.5 MeV were observed and agreed with the results of the gener...The breakup reaction of ~9Li on a Pb target has been measured at 32.7 MeV/nucleon for the first time. Two peaks of ~6He+t coincident fragments at 9.8 and 12.5 MeV were observed and agreed with the results of the generator coordinate method calculation. The experiment was carried out thanks to a specially arranged detection system around zero degrees at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou, Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou(HIRFL–RIBLL).展开更多
Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)represent the highest energy density in the contemporary energy storage community,typically delivering a practical energy density of 150-350 Wh kg-1in the current technique,whic...Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)represent the highest energy density in the contemporary energy storage community,typically delivering a practical energy density of 150-350 Wh kg-1in the current technique,which can hardly satisfy the evergrowing demand for the portable electronic devices and power tools requiring long service time[1-3].展开更多
The sigma meson production in p + ^(12)C and p + ^(40)Ca reactions at the incident energy E_p=1.5 GeV isinvestigated within the Quantum Molecular Dynamics model.The simulation results indicate a distinctive A dependen...The sigma meson production in p + ^(12)C and p + ^(40)Ca reactions at the incident energy E_p=1.5 GeV isinvestigated within the Quantum Molecular Dynamics model.The simulation results indicate a distinctive A dependenceof the sigma production,that is,the increase of A is followed by an increase of the production cross sections.We findthat the σ meson production in proton-induced reactions is strongly medium-dependent,and the produced σ mesonsdecaying in a denser medium experience a stronger mass shift towards lower masses.This mass shift is an experimentallyaccessible observable in the final state pion pairs,which do not suffer from reabsorption by the surrounding nucleons.It is pointed out that the ratio of measured sigma cross sections as a function of the sigma invariant-mass from variousreactions is a good probe to explore the existence of the a meson in a dense nuclear environment.展开更多
Electrochemical mass spectrometry(EC-MS)is a powerful tool to capture and analyze the intermediates and products during elec-trochemical reactions.This hyphenated technique combines electrochemistry with mass spectrom...Electrochemical mass spectrometry(EC-MS)is a powerful tool to capture and analyze the intermediates and products during elec-trochemical reactions.This hyphenated technique combines electrochemistry with mass spectrometry using specific apparatuses,which helps researchers study mechanisms of redox reactions by in situ detecting chemical composition changes.Recently,various EC-MS methods have been applied in a series of electrochemical reactions to reveal the mechanisms,mainly in the areas of electro-chemical sensors,organic electrochemistry,and electrocatalysis.In this review,we intend to summarize the recent advances in re-al-time analysis of different types of electrochemical reactions by EC-MS and offer an outlook on the perspectives in these areas.展开更多
The anionic products from the reactions between metal（M=Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Pb and Bi） vapour produced by laser ablation and hexafluorobenzene seeded in carrier gas（Ar） were studied by means of a homemade reflectron t...The anionic products from the reactions between metal（M=Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Pb and Bi） vapour produced by laser ablation and hexafluorobenzene seeded in carrier gas（Ar） were studied by means of a homemade reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry（RTOF-MS）. Experimental results show that the dominant products were [MmC6F6]^- complexes for the reactions ofAg, Au, Pd and Pt with C6F6, while the dominant products were [MmC6F5]^- complexes for the reactions of Pb and Bi with C6F6. The formation mechanisms of the products, including the adsorption of metal cluster anions on hexafluorobenzene and the C--F cleavage induced by metal cluster anions, were discussed.展开更多
Schiemann reaction of 12 aryl diazonium fluoborates was studied by mass spectrometry. The products and by-products of the reactions were identified and the possible pathways were explored. It is shown that Schiemann r...Schiemann reaction of 12 aryl diazonium fluoborates was studied by mass spectrometry. The products and by-products of the reactions were identified and the possible pathways were explored. It is shown that Schiemann reaction proceeds by free-radical mechanism.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2007CB815002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 11035001, 10775003, 10827505, 10821140159)
文摘A knockout reaction experiment was carried out by using the 6He beam at 82.5 MeV/nucleon impinging on CH2 and C targets. The a core fragments at forward angles were detected in coincidence with the recoiled protons at larger angles. From this exclusive measure- ment the valence nucleon knockout mechanism and the core knockout mechanism are separated. This study provides a basis for the exclusive spectroscopic investigation of the exotic nuclei.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2007CB815002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 11035001, 10775003, 10827505, 10821140159)
文摘An experiment for knockout reaction induced by SHe beam at 82.5 MeV/nucleon on CH2 and C targets was carried out. The 6He and 4He core fragments at forward angles and the recoiled protons at large angles were detected coincidently. From this exclusive measurement the valence nucleon knockout mechanism and the core knockout mechanism are separated, which can be applied to the exclusive spectroscopic study on the structure of exotic nuclei.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB815002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11035001, 10775003, 10821140159 and J0730316)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universi-ties of China
文摘Knockout reaction experiment was carried out by using the 6He beams at 61.2 MeV/u impinging on a CH2 target. The α core fragments at forward angles were detected in coincidence with the recoiled protons at larger angles. From this exclusive meas urement the valence nucleon knockout mechanism and the core knockout mechanism can be distinguished by the relation be tween the polar angles of the core fragments and the recoiled protons, respectively. It is demonstrated that the core knockout mechanism may result in some strong contamination to the real invariant mass spectrum.
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program (973 Program) of China (2007CB815002)National Natural ScienceFoundation of China (11035001,10775003,10827505,J0730316)
文摘A knockout reaction induced by ^6He at 61.2 MeV/u was carried out at the HIRFL-RIBLL ra- dioactive beam line. The α core fragments at forward angles were detected in coincidence with the recoiled protons at large angles. From this coincident measurement the valence nucleon knockout mechanism and the core knockout mechanism can be separated according to the polar angle correlation between the core fragments and the recoiled protons. It is demonstrated that, when reconstructing the resonant state of a weakly bound nucleus, the contamination resulting from the core knockout mechanism should be eliminated in order to obtain the correct structure information.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U1560203 and 51274031)the Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Melting and Preparation of High-End Metal Materials in the School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering of University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
文摘The demanganization reaction kinetics of carbon-saturated liquid iron with an eight-component slag consisting of CaO–SiO2–MgO–FeO–MnO–Al2O3–TiO2–CaF2 was investigated at 1553, 1623, and 1673 K in this study. The rate-controlling step（RCS） for the demanganization reaction with regard to the hot metal pretreatment conditions was studied via kinetics analysis based on the fundamental equation of heterogeneous reaction kinetics. From the temperature dependence of the mass transfer coefficient of a transition-metal oxide（MnO）, the apparent activation energy of the demanganization reaction was estimated to be 189.46 kJ·mol^–1 in the current study, which indicated that the mass transfer of MnO in the molten slag controlled the overall rate of the demanganization reaction. The calculated apparent activation energy was slightly lower than the values reported in the literature for mass transfer in a slag phase. This difference was attributed to an increase in the ＂specific reaction interface＂（SRI） value, either as a result of turbulence at the reaction interface or a decrease of the absolute amount of slag phase during sampling, and to the addition of calcium fluoride to the slag.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1432247 and 11575256)the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(Nos.2014CB845405 and2013CB83440x)
文摘The breakup reaction of ~9Li on a Pb target has been measured at 32.7 MeV/nucleon for the first time. Two peaks of ~6He+t coincident fragments at 9.8 and 12.5 MeV were observed and agreed with the results of the generator coordinate method calculation. The experiment was carried out thanks to a specially arranged detection system around zero degrees at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou, Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou(HIRFL–RIBLL).
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21972133,21805070,21605136,21733012,and 21633008)the Newton Advanced Fellowships(NAF/R2/180603)+1 种基金the Guangxi Department of Education(2019KY0394)the"Scientist Studio Funding"from Tianmu Lake Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technologies Co.,Ltd.
文摘Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)represent the highest energy density in the contemporary energy storage community,typically delivering a practical energy density of 150-350 Wh kg-1in the current technique,which can hardly satisfy the evergrowing demand for the portable electronic devices and power tools requiring long service time[1-3].
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10435080,10575075,and 10447006the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Grant No.446CHV-113/91/1-3the National Research Concil of Thailand under Grant No.1.CH5/2549
文摘The sigma meson production in p + ^(12)C and p + ^(40)Ca reactions at the incident energy E_p=1.5 GeV isinvestigated within the Quantum Molecular Dynamics model.The simulation results indicate a distinctive A dependenceof the sigma production,that is,the increase of A is followed by an increase of the production cross sections.We findthat the σ meson production in proton-induced reactions is strongly medium-dependent,and the produced σ mesonsdecaying in a denser medium experience a stronger mass shift towards lower masses.This mass shift is an experimentallyaccessible observable in the final state pion pairs,which do not suffer from reabsorption by the surrounding nucleons.It is pointed out that the ratio of measured sigma cross sections as a function of the sigma invariant-mass from variousreactions is a good probe to explore the existence of the a meson in a dense nuclear environment.
基金This work was supported by the Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS-CXXM-202008)the National Science Foundation of China(22034001)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0201300).
文摘Electrochemical mass spectrometry(EC-MS)is a powerful tool to capture and analyze the intermediates and products during elec-trochemical reactions.This hyphenated technique combines electrochemistry with mass spectrometry using specific apparatuses,which helps researchers study mechanisms of redox reactions by in situ detecting chemical composition changes.Recently,various EC-MS methods have been applied in a series of electrochemical reactions to reveal the mechanisms,mainly in the areas of electro-chemical sensors,organic electrochemistry,and electrocatalysis.In this review,we intend to summarize the recent advances in re-al-time analysis of different types of electrochemical reactions by EC-MS and offer an outlook on the perspectives in these areas.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20433080).
文摘The anionic products from the reactions between metal（M=Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Pb and Bi） vapour produced by laser ablation and hexafluorobenzene seeded in carrier gas（Ar） were studied by means of a homemade reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry（RTOF-MS）. Experimental results show that the dominant products were [MmC6F6]^- complexes for the reactions ofAg, Au, Pd and Pt with C6F6, while the dominant products were [MmC6F5]^- complexes for the reactions of Pb and Bi with C6F6. The formation mechanisms of the products, including the adsorption of metal cluster anions on hexafluorobenzene and the C--F cleavage induced by metal cluster anions, were discussed.
文摘Schiemann reaction of 12 aryl diazonium fluoborates was studied by mass spectrometry. The products and by-products of the reactions were identified and the possible pathways were explored. It is shown that Schiemann reaction proceeds by free-radical mechanism.
