Some learners and instructors of English language are inclined to consider the phrases like"you know""well"to be meaningless pause-fillers, which only exist to make the utterance fluent, thus they ...Some learners and instructors of English language are inclined to consider the phrases like"you know""well"to be meaningless pause-fillers, which only exist to make the utterance fluent, thus they don't like to use them too often in speech. This article gives a psycholinguistic study of the discourse marker"you know", not only does it relate the use to the speaker's complex cognitive process in the production of speech, but also it illustrates how"you know"functions in the interaction between the speaker and the hearer. Finally, we come to conclude that it is useful and meaningful in our speech.展开更多
Neuronal regeneration in the peripheral nervous system arises via a synergistic interplay of neurotrophic factors,integrins,cytoskeletal proteins,mechanical cues,cytokines,stem cells,glial cells and astrocytes.
首先让我们看一个句子: He asked I don’t know how many people.[1a] 以上这样的句子,乍看上去,即使不是初学英语者往往也会将其误认为是中国式的英语。其实这是地地道道的英语。产生误解的原因主要是此句的语法结构迥异于一般英语,...首先让我们看一个句子: He asked I don’t know how many people.[1a] 以上这样的句子,乍看上去,即使不是初学英语者往往也会将其误认为是中国式的英语。其实这是地地道道的英语。产生误解的原因主要是此句的语法结构迥异于一般英语,而词序安排俨然是汉语。在我们日常阅读英语书籍时,偶然也会碰到类式的句子。例如:展开更多
人们在使用语言时,或多或少会受到元语用意识的调控。作为口语和书面语中高频出现的语言现象,you know在经历一系列语法化过程后,最终演变成话语标记语,体现了说话者不同程度的元语用意识,具有不同的元语用功能。本文依据COCA语料库,结...人们在使用语言时,或多或少会受到元语用意识的调控。作为口语和书面语中高频出现的语言现象,you know在经历一系列语法化过程后,最终演变成话语标记语,体现了说话者不同程度的元语用意识,具有不同的元语用功能。本文依据COCA语料库,结合Verschueren的元语用意识理论以及Sperber和Wilson提出的关联理论对话语标记语you know的元语用功能进行分析,发现you know具有强调信息、深入解释、话轮监管、举例说明、提供建议以及维护关系六种元语用功能。通过探索you know的元语用功能,you know与语言使用者的元语用意识之间的关系也得到进一步揭示。When using language, people are more or less regulated by metapragmatic awareness. Frequently used in both spoken and written language, you know, after a series of grammaticalizations, eventually evolves into a discourse marker which reflects speakers’ metapragmatic awareness to different degrees and performs different metapragmatic functions. Based on the COCA, this paper analyses the metapragmatic functions of the discourse marker you know according to Verschueren’s theory of Metapragmatic Awareness and the Relevance Theory proposed by Sperber and Wilson. It is found that you know has six metapragmatic functions: highlighting the information, giving further explanation, regulating turns in conversation, providing examples, making suggestions and maintaining relationships. By exploring the metapragmatic functions of you know, the relationship between you know and the metapragmatic awareness of language users is further revealed.展开更多
文摘Some learners and instructors of English language are inclined to consider the phrases like"you know""well"to be meaningless pause-fillers, which only exist to make the utterance fluent, thus they don't like to use them too often in speech. This article gives a psycholinguistic study of the discourse marker"you know", not only does it relate the use to the speaker's complex cognitive process in the production of speech, but also it illustrates how"you know"functions in the interaction between the speaker and the hearer. Finally, we come to conclude that it is useful and meaningful in our speech.
基金CSIRO, the ARC and the NHMRC for providing funding that supported this work
文摘Neuronal regeneration in the peripheral nervous system arises via a synergistic interplay of neurotrophic factors,integrins,cytoskeletal proteins,mechanical cues,cytokines,stem cells,glial cells and astrocytes.
文摘首先让我们看一个句子: He asked I don’t know how many people.[1a] 以上这样的句子,乍看上去,即使不是初学英语者往往也会将其误认为是中国式的英语。其实这是地地道道的英语。产生误解的原因主要是此句的语法结构迥异于一般英语,而词序安排俨然是汉语。在我们日常阅读英语书籍时,偶然也会碰到类式的句子。例如:
文摘人们在使用语言时,或多或少会受到元语用意识的调控。作为口语和书面语中高频出现的语言现象,you know在经历一系列语法化过程后,最终演变成话语标记语,体现了说话者不同程度的元语用意识,具有不同的元语用功能。本文依据COCA语料库,结合Verschueren的元语用意识理论以及Sperber和Wilson提出的关联理论对话语标记语you know的元语用功能进行分析,发现you know具有强调信息、深入解释、话轮监管、举例说明、提供建议以及维护关系六种元语用功能。通过探索you know的元语用功能,you know与语言使用者的元语用意识之间的关系也得到进一步揭示。When using language, people are more or less regulated by metapragmatic awareness. Frequently used in both spoken and written language, you know, after a series of grammaticalizations, eventually evolves into a discourse marker which reflects speakers’ metapragmatic awareness to different degrees and performs different metapragmatic functions. Based on the COCA, this paper analyses the metapragmatic functions of the discourse marker you know according to Verschueren’s theory of Metapragmatic Awareness and the Relevance Theory proposed by Sperber and Wilson. It is found that you know has six metapragmatic functions: highlighting the information, giving further explanation, regulating turns in conversation, providing examples, making suggestions and maintaining relationships. By exploring the metapragmatic functions of you know, the relationship between you know and the metapragmatic awareness of language users is further revealed.