A Survey on the Current Situation of Prehospital First Aid about Knowledge, Belief and Behavior among University Students in Jingzhou

Objective: To understand the current situation of prehospital first aid knowledge, attitude and behavior of university students in Jingzhou City. Methods: A prehospital first aid knowledge questionnaire and the convenience sampling method were used to survey 307 university students in Jingzhou City. Results: The mean score of prehospital first aid knowledge of university students in Jingzhou City was 12.85 ± 2.643, the mean score of attitude was 50.73 ± 4.114, and the mean score of behavior was 39.05 ± 8.898;There was a statistically significant difference in the scores of prehospital first aid knowledge, attitude, and behavior of university students depending on whether or not they had received prehospital first aid training (P P Conclusion: Jingzhou University students have a positive attitude toward pre-hospital first aid, but the knowledge level and behavior are low, which suggests that the government, society and the school should create good conditions to promote the improvement of pre-hospital first aid knowledge and ability.

A Comparison of the Sexual Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors of Korean College Students Studying in Korea and in the United States

The number of Korean students enrolling in universities overseas is rapidly growing. However, these populations are underrepresented in sexuality related research, despite the possibility of sexually risky behavior in overseas university students. We examined the sexual knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of university students in Korea and studying in the United States. Data were collected—131 Korean students in Korea and in the US using a web-based self-report questionnaire system. Students in the US showed greater total sexual knowledge than students studied in Korea. There were differences in the sexual knowledge, attitude and behaviors according to general characteristics between both groups. Although students in the USA had a higher level of sexual knowledge, both students in the USA and in Korea had a low level of sexual knowledge overall.

Assessment of Environmental Health Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior among High School Students in a USA Southeast Texas School District

This cross-sectional descriptive study assessed general environmental health literacy among students focusing on their knowledge, skills, attitudes and behaviors regarding the environmental health, stewardship, and sustainability, using a questionnaire consisting of 35 core questions from the Centers for Diseases Control (CDCs). Students (N = 185) from three high schools in the district were asked through their class teachers to voluntarily complete the questionnaire. Results indicated that about 41% (n = 77) of the students lacked knowledge regarding potential sources of radiation exposure and 70% (n = 133) lacked knowledge regarding radon gas being the number one risk factor for lung cancer among non-smokers. Additionally, the ANOVA test indicated significant knowledge differences among school location. Students in school #1, located in the most affluent area, had significantly higher knowledge scores (M = 4.39) than school #2 located in a moderately affluent area (M = 3.50). Furthermore, we found significant differences in ethnicity on the environmental health attitude of the high school students. Black students reported lower positive environmental health attitude (M = 29.86) than White students (M = 32.63), Hispanic students (M = 32.33) and Asian students (M = 33.84). These findings demonstrated knowledge deficiency in some key areas in environmental health particularly the environmental diseases and conditions caused by manmade hazards such as pesticides, chemicals, radiation, air, water, and soil pollution. Targeted educational interventions to increase awareness and understanding of health effects, exposure to environmental hazards and carcinogens as well as risks associated to direct exposure as in this study, radon and radiation, should be provided to high school students. Practical education through tours where students can observe directly and participating in laboratory experiments could empower the students to translate this knowledge into positive environmental health behaviors and practices now and in the future.

Food Sanitation Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior for the University Restaurants Employees

The purpose of this study was to discuss the food sanitation knowledge, attitude, and behavior for the employees of university restaurants, and furthermore, to explain the interrelations of these various were occurring at school. A questionnaire survey procedure was used. Each two constructs of food sanitation attitude and behavior were analyzed by factor analysis. Data was analyzed by description, Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression analysis. The correctness rate toward the whole sanitation knowledge of trials was 70%. The overall attitude toward food sanitation was prone to positive and the attitude of employee self-responsibility was superior to the attitude of food sanitation practice. The sanitary guiding behavior was better than the sanitary habit behavior;and there was a significant relationship indicated through Pearson correlation analysis among three various. The sanitation knowledge and sanitation attitude showed a 42.6% predictive power to behavior, the attitude was mediated between knowledge and behavior. The university restaurant employees shared a more pessimistic view toward the benefits of training and the institutions could establish a committee for monitoring food nutrition and sanitation. It provides valuable information for development employees training while seeking to raise school restaurant food safety levels.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Prevention among Women of Reproductive Age in Nasarawa Local Government Area, Kano State, Nigeria

Background: Adverse pregnancy outcomes continue to contribute substantially to maternal mortality as well as poor maternal and fetal health outcomes whose burden can be reduced by the initiation of preventive behaviors like the uptake of maternal health services. This continuous unacceptably high maternal mortality justifies a need for progressive research to better understand the predictors of the preventive behaviors of women towards adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study was conducted to assess levels of knowledge, attitudes about adverse pregnancy outcomes and preventive practices among women of reproductive age in Nassarawa local government area, Kano State, Nigeria. Methodology: The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study that employed a four-sectioned pretested researcher administered questionnaire to collect data on knowledge, attitude and practice of adverse pregnancy outcomes prevention among 164 consenting respondents in Kano State, Nigeria between November 2020 and December 2020. Responses were transformed and computed using SPSS version 26 to generate descriptive statistics. Regression analysis was done to test the degree of association between the predictors and practice of adverse pregnancy outcomes prevention with the level of significance set at a cut-off of p ≤ 0.05. Results: The findings showed that the majority of the respondents were between 20 - 24 years of age and had secondary educational attainment. Results further revealed that knowledge and attitude about adverse pregnancy outcomes which were both measured on 18-point scales, reported for the respondents’ mean scores of 9.46 (9.07 ± 9.85) and 10.72 (9.79 ± 10.62) respectively. The practice of adverse pregnancy outcomes prevention when assessed on a 15-point scale shows that respondents scored a mean of 7.42 ± 8.30 which denotes 53.4% of the level of prevention practice anticipated from the respondents. The study also showed a significant positive association between the level of knowledge (p = 0.010), attitude (p < 0.001) and prevention practice of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions: The findings reported an average but inadequate knowledge and neutral attitude that predicted unsatisfactory adverse pregnancy outcomes prevention practices among the examined reproductive-aged women, which calls for targeted health education on adverse pregnancy outcomes within the community in order to inform better prevention practices.

Development of a Sports Safety Promotion Framework Based on KABP Theory and 4M Management

This study explores the significance,current research landscape,and conceptualization of sports safety promotion.Safety in sports is fundamental to youth physical activities,and an excessive focus on or neglect of safety is unwarranted.Globally,numerous countries have extensively researched sports safety promotion and implemented diverse strategies.Drawing from KABP(Knowledge,Attitude,Behavior,Practice)theory and 4M(Man,Machine,Medium,Management)management,this paper presents a conceptual framework for sports safety promotion.It integrates these theories to devise a comprehensive accident prevention model within a sports safety promotion system.The framework prioritizes enhancing students’safety literacy and underscores the practical application of safety knowledge and skills in simulated sports settings following structured safety education.It aims to enhance students’competency and proficiency in averting sports-related injuries.

Contraceptive knowledge, attitudes and behavior about sexuality among college students in Beijing, China

Background Sexual and reproductive health among adolescents have become increasingly important and aroused international concerns. In this study, we investigate sexual knowledge, attitudes, sexual behaviors, the unwanted pregnancy and the abortion rate and to explore related determinants among college students in Beijing. Methods This study is based on a cross-sectional survey of college students＇ knowledge, attitudes and behavior. Multistage cluster sampling was used to select subjects in Beijing. The self-questionnaire designed.by our research group including general information, knowledge, attitude and behavior about sexuality was used to collect information. A total of 2003 questionnaires were collected from June to July 2010. Results The data showed that most of the college students lacked knowledge about reproductive health. Only 17.9% of the respondents knew the appropriate time of abortion. Data also showed that the respondents had high-risk attitude about sex, 58.7% could accept premarital sex, and 29.7% had negative attitude towards contraception. Moreover, sexual activity of the respondents was active. Data showed that 18.5% of the respondents had had sexual activities. Significantly more boys than girls had sex （Х^2=73.374, P 〈0.001）. Among the boys and girls who reported sexual history, 43.1% of the boys had impregnated girlfriend and 49.3% of the girls among those people who have sex had unwanted pregnancies. Logistic regression analysis showed that the variables the gender （OR=3.12, 95% CI： 2.39-4.11）, grade （OR=1.78, 95% CI： 1.40-2.26）, specialty （OR=1.35, 95% CI： 1.12-1.74）, family situation （OR=1.66, 95% CI： 1.15-2.38）, score of knowledge （OR=0.74, 95% CI： 0.58-0.95） and attitude to sex activity （OR=0.09, 95% CI： 0.04-0.22） had a significant effect on having sexual behavior. Conclusions College students lack knowledge and methods students have high-risk sexual attitude and behaviors. Therefore college students would be strongly recommended. to avoid risky sexual behaviors in Beijing. College suitable and effective sex health measures to protect

Defining the awareness and attitude of the clinicians through pharmacovigilance in Turkey

BACKGROUND Pharmacovigilance(PV)is the activities and scientific studies conducted to detect,evaluate,understand or prevent adverse reactions and other drug-related problems.AIM To define the awareness and experiences of the clinicians on PV and adverse drug reactions(ADRs)in Turkey.METHODS The study was cross-sectional and analytical.Data were obtained through a questionnaire.The questionnaire was sent via e-mail.The survey was sent to 2030 physicians and 670 participated.RESULTS The most appropriate definition of PV was correctly defined by 53.9%of the participants.The most important goal of PV was correctly defined by 54.9%of the participants,and 27.3%of the participants were aware of the Turkish Pharmacovigilance Center.Nonsurgical physicians had better PV knowledge than surgical physicians.A total of 80.9%of the physicians who encountered ADRs,filled in the ADR notification form,and 8.8%received training on how to fill in the form.PV knowledge of the clinicians was not sufficient.Although half of the physicians encountered ADRs,the rates of seeing and filling in the ADR form were low.CONCLUSION Few of the physicians followed the current information about PV.The results provide more comprehensive data on PV practices and ADR reporting at a national level.

基于KABP理论的护理在腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者中的应用效果

目的:观察基于认知-态度-信念-行为(KABP)理论的护理在腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年9月至2021年9月该院收治的98例行LC的患者进行前瞻性研究,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组各49例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用基于KABP理论的护理,比较两组术后康复指标水平、护理前后负性情绪[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]评分、疼痛程度[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]评分、并发症发生率和护理满意度。结果:观察组首次肛门排气时间、首次下床活动时间、排便时间及住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,两组SAS、SDS评分均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院时,两组VAS评分均低于术后1 d,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组操作技术、健康指导、服务态度和心理疏导等护理满意度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规护理基础上采用基于KABP理论的护理可降低LC患者康复指标水平、负性情绪评分、疼痛程度评分和并发症发生率,提高护理满意度,其效果优于单纯常规护理。

北京两所高校在校大学生艾滋病相关KAB调查

目的了解北京市两所高校在校大学生艾滋病相关知识、态度和行为(KAB)情况。方法采用自行设计的问卷对北京市一所医科大学和一所综合性大学一、二、三年级的512名学生进行横断面现场调查。结果被调查的大学生关于艾滋病的传播途径、预防、诊断、治疗等相关知识的正确判断率普遍超过80%。87.7%的学生持有“同情和关怀艾滋病人”的良好态度,但只有48.2%的学生“主动寻求过有关艾滋病的知识”。19.3%的学生注射时主动要求使用一次性注射器来保护自己,8.7%的学生尝试过性行为,其中40.9%的学生性交时使用过安全套。结论被调查的大学生已掌握了一些艾滋病相关知识,但普遍缺乏自我保健和防范艾滋病的意识和技能。应结合学生特点有针对性地开展高校预防艾滋病健康教育工作。

某高校大学生的SARS知识、态度、信念及行为(KABP)研究

目的 了解在校大学生对SARS的认知情况、态度、信念及相关行为。 方法 以在校的 2 5 0名本科生为调查对象 ,进行问卷调查 ,现场填写并收回 ,计算各条目的答对率 ,用卡方检验比较不同专业学生的KABP。 结果 绝大多数在校大学生对非典型肺炎的认知情况令人满意。 结论 在校大学生对SARS相关知识的掌握较全面 ,对预防疾病的感染和传播有较强的自我保护意识 ,表明政府以及学校等部门关于SARS的健康教育及时有效。

306例吸毒者吸毒行为及HIV/AIDS的KAB调查

目的 :了解吸毒者的吸毒行为及有关HIV AIDS的知识、态度和行为情况。方法 :采用自制问卷匿名填表方法于 1998年 6月对昆明市两戒毒机构的戒毒人员进行横断面调查。调查结果用SPSS10 .0版本进行统计分析。结果 :77.1%的吸毒者以静脉注射的方式吸毒 ,其中 ,6 8.3%的人共用过注射器 ,仅 6 .2 %人采用正确方法消毒注射器。吸毒者中 79.6 %的人有两个以上的性伴侣 ,经常或每次使用安全套的人仅占 16 .9%。大多数吸毒者能正确回答艾滋病的传播途径但缺乏预防艾滋病的知识。结论 :吸毒人群感染HIV AIDS的危险行为非常普遍 ,且知晓知识到行为改变仍有很大距离 ,建议开展减少伤害的干预项目。

某高校在校医学生AIDS相关KAB现况研究

目的了解吉林某高校在校医学生AIDS相关知识、态度、行为(KAB)情况,为学校和有关部门制订性教育、艾滋病健康教育和行为干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用自行设计的问卷对吉林某高校在校一、二年级的3443名医学生进行普查。结果被调查对象关于AIDS主要传播途径的正确回答率在95%以上,但对蚊子叮咬是否会传播AIDS判断正确的只有51.1%;61.1%的学生知道目前仍无有效预防AIDS的疫苗;超过92%的学生认为“对艾滋病病人应关心、同情”;有20.0%的学生认为“艾滋病离自己很遥远、与自己关系不大;”13.3%的学生赞同婚前性行为;8.4%的学生曾有过性交经历。结论被调查的大学生对AIDS主要传播途径的认知水平较高,但对AIDS的预防知识相对缺乏,对AIDS的流行形势和危害程度认识不足。因此,该高校应全面加强AIDS防制知识宣传教育工作,提高学生的危机意识和防护技能,减少高危行为的发生。

中国远洋船员关于艾滋病KABP调查

目的获取中国远洋船员有关艾滋病知识、态度、行为和观念(KABP)方面的情况,为在该人群开展艾滋病健康干预提供依据。方法参照KABP模式设计艾滋病调查表格,对来黄骅港的中国远洋船员进行不记名问卷调查。结果所有被调查者对艾滋病三大传播途径都有所了解,大多数船员表示愿意接受健康教育。结论中国远洋船员艾滋病的认识不全面,态度和行为上存在导致艾滋病传播的危险因素,应尽快对其进行有关艾滋病的健康干预。

Environmental management system and community＇s spillover behavior

The purpose of this study is to explore how business organizations could effectively promote positive environmental norms among a larger section of the community. This study hypothesized that the development of a feeling of high involvement among employees of organizations implementing the Environmental Management System （EMS） could result in the spillover phenomena of other environmentally responsible behavior in different domains such as, consumer preferences for environment-friendly products. The study also confirms the effects of environmental attitude （EA） and concrete knowledge （CK） as a mediator; acting not only as an axis to the spillover phenomenon but is also found to be the crucial factor in determining the strength of the whole spillover process.

Investigation of the Oral Health Status of Patients Based on Rehabilitation Nursing

Objective: To investigate the current situation of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of oral health among rehabilitation nursing patients, and provide some reference for implementing oral health intervention measures for rehabilitation nursing patients. Method: A total of 231 nursing patients in the rehabilitation department of a tertiary hospital in this city from January 2023 to October 2023 were selected as the research subjects. Their oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors were investigated, and the oral health behavior habits of patients with different genders, education levels, and disease situations were compared. Result: The total awareness rate of oral health knowledge among patients was 73.16%, and the average score of oral health knowledge was 6.58 ± 1.25 points. The overall positive rate of oral health attitude among patients is 55.70%, and the average score of oral health attitude is 5.01 ± 1.04 points. The average score for oral health behavior is 16.87 ± 5.23 points. Only 8.48%, 3.3%, 1.3%, 2.6%, and 0.87% of patients seek timely medical treatment for bleeding tooth roots, gum swelling and pain, gum bleeding, tooth pain, and dental calculus, respectively;Only 5.19% of people change their toothbrush every 3 months, and only 10.39% use the vertical brush method to brush their teeth. The scores of oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of patients are related to age, educational level, disease type, and smoking situation. The oral health knowledge and attitude scores of elderly patients were lower than those of younger patients, and the difference was statistically significant (P P P P P < 0.05). Conclusion: The oral health status of rehabilitation nursing patients is not optimistic, with a moderate level of oral health knowledge, weak awareness of oral health, and a low qualification rate of oral health behaviors. Strengthening oral health education for rehabilitation nursing patients and incorporating oral health care procedures into rehabilitation nursing procedures is of great significance.

金融知识、风险态度与个人养老金参与行为

在我国全面推行个人养老金制度的背景下,居民对个人养老金的有限参保抑制了制度的实施效果。运用2023年对西安市居民的网络问卷调查数据,本文实证研究了金融知识、风险态度对居民参与个人养老金的影响。研究结果表明:金融知识能够增加居民对个人养老金制度的了解,增进对制度的信任,提升投资能力,推进居民对个人养老金的参与行为;风险态度是居民参与个人养老金的重要因素,风险偏好的居民对不确定性有更强的承受能力,对投资损失有更高的乐观程度,更积极参与个人养老金。风险态度部分传递了金融知识对个人养老金参与行为的影响,金融知识可以使居民对风险做出正确预判,减少对风险的排斥,提高风险偏好程度,从而激励居民参与个人养老金。此外,金融知识、风险态度对居民参与个人养老金的影响在学历和收入方面存在异质性。提供通俗易懂的养老金融知识和个性化的风险投资服务,推动“个人养老金进万家”活动,打造定制化的风险投资指导方案是激励居民参与个人养老金的重要举措。

知信行延续护理教育在鼻咽癌患者放化疗后的运用

目的调查鼻咽癌(nasopharyngeal carcinoma,NPC)患者放化疗后实施知信行延续护理教育对营养状况、张口受限和生活质量的影响。方法将云南省昆明医科大学第三附属医院2022年6月至2023年6月收治的放化疗后160例NPC患者随机分为对照组和实验组各80例。对照组实施常规出院延续护理;实验组采用鼻咽癌患者放化疗后知信行延续护理教育。比较2组患者干预前后营养状况、张口受限及生活质量差异。结果实验组患者张口受限程度低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),营养血液学指标血红蛋白(Hb),白蛋白(ALB),前白蛋白(PA)均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。生活质量(FACT-H&N)中的生理状况、社会/家庭状况、情感状况和功能状况及附加关注评分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论知信行延续护理教育可降低鼻咽癌患者放化疗后张口受限程度,改善其营养状况,提高生活质量。

浙江省某地区职业高中学生性安全知识、性态度与性行为研究

目的开展职高学生性安全知识、性态度、性行为调查,为科学、有效地在这一人群中开展性安全教育和服务提供科学依据。方法2021年在浙江省中部地区某区1所职业高中一至二年级学生开展自答式问卷调查。结果1960名学生参加调查,职高学生性安全知识掌握水平总体不足,知晓男男性行为是学生HIV感染主要传播途径的不到1/4。男生较女生性态度更为开放,同意高中生发生性行为、为了钱而与别人发生性关系、为发生性关系付钱的男生分别为17.80%、7.10%、7.67%。8.49%的男生、4.22%的女生发生性行为,其中1/3发生在初中或小学,近60%的男生和女生报告口交性行为,男生和女生报告肛交性行为发生比例分别为14.08%和25.00%,2个及以上性伴数分别为36.47%和22.58%,每次使用安全套分别仅为33.72%和50.00%;男生中,11.24%发生同性或双性性行为,15.91%报告通过网络寻找性伴发生性行为。结论调查对象安全性行为知识水平低,性态度较为开发。发生性行为的学生中,口交、肛交、多性伴、同性性伴、网络性伴发生率高,但坚持使用安全套比例低,这些均将职高学生置于性与生殖健康风险之中,需及时采取针对性的健康干预措施,减少危险性行为发生和不良性与生殖健康结局。

北京市男男性行为人群流感知信行现状分析

目的 通过研究北京市男男性行为人群流行性感冒知信行的现状及影响因素,为男男性行为人群流行性感冒防控和健康教育提供参考依据。方法 依托北京市艾滋病自愿咨询检测门诊和定点治疗机构,利用问卷星对男男性行为人群进行问卷调查,采用χ2检验和多因素二分类logistic回归模型分析调查对象关于流行性感冒的相关知识、态度和行为及影响因素。结果 收回有效问卷977份,调查对象流行性感冒相关知识正确率为86.28%,高中或中专(OR=2.279,95%CI:1.146~4.499)、大专或本科(OR=2.679,95%CI:1.462~4.916)、硕士及以上文化程度者(OR=6.400,95%CI:2.244~18.281)的流感知识水平高于初中及以下,HIV感染者流感知识水平低于HIV未感染者(OR=0.645,95%CI:0.442~0.967);流行性感冒正向态度持有率为61.31%,18~<30岁(OR=0.278,95%CI:0.128~0.608)、30~<40岁(OR=0.265,95%CI:0.134~0.578)、40~<50岁(OR=0.266,95%CI:0.115~0.609)年龄者的流感正向态度持有水平低于≥50岁者,高中或中专(OR=2.473,95%CI:1.293~4.708)、大专或本科(OR=2.556,95%CI:1.464~4.476)、硕士及以上文化程度者(OR=2.731,95%CI:1.435~5.173)的流感正向态度持有水平高于初中及以下,近3年接种过其他疫苗史者流感正向态度持有水平高于近3年未接种其他疫苗史者(OR=1.973,95%CI:1.304~2.990),流感相关知识合格者流感正向态度持有水平高于知识不合格者(OR=3.580,95%CI:2.376~5.372);流行性感冒正向行为形成率为66.84%,未发现行为相关的影响因素。结论 北京市男男性行为人群具有较高的流行性感冒相关知识水平,但正向态度持有和正向行为形成水平不高。应将50岁以下、文化程度较低、HIV感染者、近3年无疫苗接种史的男男性行为人群作为流行性感冒健康教育的重点对象。