Mixed L_1/H-infinity control for uncertain linear singular systems

The mixed L1/H-infinity control problem for a class of uncertain linear singular systems is considered using a matrix inequality approach. The purpose is to design a state feedback control law such that the resultant closed-loop system is regular, impulse-free, stable and satisfies some given mixed L1/H-infinity performance. A sufficient condition for the existence of such control law is given in terms of a set of matrix inequalities by the introduction of inescapable set and ＊-norm. When these matrix inequalities are feasible, an explicit expression of the desired state feedback control law is given. A numerical example is used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach.

L_1 adaptive controller of nonlinear reference system in presence of unmatched uncertainties

An extension of L_1 adaptive control is proposed for the unmatched uncertain nonlinear system with the nonlinear reference system that defines the performance specifications. The control law adapts fast and tracks the reference system with the guaranteed robustness and transient performance in the presence of unmatched uncertainties. The interval analysis is used to build the quasi-linear parameter-varying model of unmatched nonlinear system, and the robust stability of the proposed controller is addressed by sum of squares programming. The transient performance analysis shows that within the limit of hardware a large adaption gain can improve the asymptotic tracking performance. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the theoretical findings of the proposed controller.

Acupuncture for overactive bladder in adults:Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background:Overactive bladder(OAB)is a prevalent condition that substantially degrades patient quality of life.Acupuncture is recognized as an effective therapeutic approach for various urological diseases.However,there is limited evidence validating the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for OABs.Objective:To assess the therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture for OAB and to investigate the potential mechanisms by analyzing its effects on relevant urinary biomarkers.Methods:This is a randomized,participants and outcome assessors blinded,sham acupuncture controlled trial.A total of 110 patients with OABs will be randomly divided in a 1:1 ratio between the acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups.Participants in the acupuncture group will undergo 30-min authentic acupuncture,while their counterparts in the sham acupuncture group will undergo sham acupuncture needling non-acupoints superficially three times weekly for a duration of 8 weeks.The two co-primary outcomes will be the change in the mean number of micturitions per 24 h from baseline to the end of the 8-week treatment and 20-week follow-up.The secondary outcomes will encompass the change in Overactive Bladder Symptom Score,Overactive Bladder Questionnaire Short Form,and average 24 h values of urgency,daytime micturition,nocturia,and mean volume voided per micturition from baseline to weeks 8 and 20.Urinary nerve growth factor,brain-derived neurotrophic factor,and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels will be measured at baseline and week 8.Adverse events will also be documented.Discussion:The results of this trial will provide evidence for the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in the management of OAB.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists:Exploring the mechanisms from glycemic control to treatment of multisystemic diseases

This editorial takes a deeper look at the insights provided by Soresi and Giannitrapani,which examined the therapeutic potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.We provide supplementary insights to their research,highlighting the broader systemic implications of GLP-1RAs,synthesizing the current understanding of their mechanisms and the trajectory of research in this field.GLP-1RAs are revolutionizing the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and beyond.Beyond glycemic control,GLP-1RAs demonstrate cardiovascular and renal protective effects,offering potential in managing diabetic kidney disease alongside renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors.Their role in bone metabolism hints at benefits for diabetic osteoporosis,while the neuroprotective properties of GLP-1RAs show promise in Alzheimer's disease treatment by modulating neuronal insulin signaling.Additionally,they improve hormonal and metabolic profiles in polycystic ovary syndrome.This editorial highlights the multifaceted mechanisms of GLP-1RAs,emphasizing the need for ongoing research to fully realize their therapeutic potential across a range of multisystemic diseases.

方差无穷非线性自回归序列的自加权L_1估计

对具有无穷方差的非线性自回归序列x_t=φ(x_(t-1),x_(t-2),…,x_(t-p),θ)+ε_t,E(ε_t^2)=∞,利用局部二次近似和连续函数空间C(R^q)上弱收敛随机过程最小点的渐近性质,证明了若存在δ≥1,使得E|ε_t|~δ<∞成立,则θ满足一定条件的自加权L_1估计θ_(L_1)是渐近正态估计,Wald检验统计量也具有通常的x^2分布,为模型的统计推断提供了理论基础.

半参数回归模型非参数分量L_1模估计的最优收敛速度

对半参数回归模型，采用分段多项式逼近非参数函数，构造了参数与非参数分量Ｌ１模估计，并获得了非参数分量Ｌ１模估计的最优估计收敛速度为Ｏｐ（ｎ－ｍ＋ｒ［２（ｍ＋ｒ）＋１］）．

单变量离散混合l_1/ H_2 问题(英文)

本文描述了Ｈ２ 性能约束下的离散控制系统ｌ１ 设计问题，并提出了该无穷维优化问题的一种上逼近解法，通过求解一系列的截断问题能够得到无穷维问题的次优解，混合ｌ１／ Ｈ２ 问题最优值对Ｈ２

一总线在北京谱仪实验模型BESⅢ Slow Control中的应用

介绍了北京正负电子对撞机国家重点工程中,BESⅢS low Con tro l在全新北京谱仪中的重要性,并对通过在三个探测器:M uon RPC、量能器EM C、漂移室M DC实验模型中的具体实例应用,介绍了慢控制主要采用的一总线技术。

Control Efficacy of Validamycin A·(0.2 Billion Spores/ml) Paenibacillus polymyxa DN-1 3% AS for Rice Sheath Blight

With validamycin A.（0.2 billion spores/ml） Paenibacillus polymyxa DN-1 3% AS as the test agent, the effects of different dosage and different application time on the control efficacy for＇ rich sheath blight were investigated. The results of two- year test showed that when the application amount was in the range of 45-90 g.a.i/ hm^2, the field efficacy of validamycin A-（0.2 billion spores/ml） P. polymyxa DN-1 3% AS in the initial infection stage of rich sheath blight （Le., the diseased plant rate was below 5%） reached 80.38%-89.06%, and that in the peak infection stage （i.e., the diseased plant rate was higher than 10%） reached only 41.12%-53.26%. The field efficacy of validamycin A.（0.2 billion spores/ml） P. polymyxa DN-1 3% AS at the early onset of rich sheath blight was significantly better than that at the onset, so that the application time of validamycin A .（0.2 billion spores/ml） P. polymyxa DN-1 3% AS should be appropriately brought forward in the prevention and control of rice sheath blight.

无人机L_1自适应俯仰控制性能仿真

面向无人机全包线飞行时动态的非线性、战损/故障导致的舵面效能变化以及外部环境的时变干扰问题,以俯仰角控制为例,设计了L_1自适应控制器,同时设计PI控制器以便对比分析控制性能。通过开展一系列仿真试验,可以发现,对于存在模型不确定性、舵面效能变化和外部时变干扰情况,L_1自适应控制器的稳定性和鲁棒性明显优于PI控制器,满足无人机的控制需求,为工程应用奠定基础。

H_2/l_1混合优化问题的凸二次规划解法

采用上逼近算法求解 H2 / l1 混合优化问题。首先将其转化为有限维的凸二次规划问题 ,并利用L emke互补转轴算法求解 ;然后逐次进行逼近。

Effect of aerobic and anaerobic exercises on glycemic control in type 1 diabetic youths

AIM:To evaluate the long-term effect of aerobic and/or anaerobic exercise on glycemic control in youths with type 1 diabetes.METHODS:Literature review was performed in spring and summer 2014 using Pub Med/MEDLINE,Google Scholar,Scopus,and Science Direct with the following terms:aerobic,anaerobic,high-intensity,resistance,exercise/training,combined with glycemic/metabolic control,glycated haemoglobin A1c(Hb A1c) and type 1diabetes.Only peer-reviewed articles in English were included published in the last 15 years.It was selected from 1999 to 2014.Glycemic control was measured with Hb A1 c.Studies with an intervention lasting at least 12 wk were included if the Hb A1 c was measured before and after the intervention.RESULTS:A total of nine articles were found,and they were published between the years of 2002-2011.The sample size was 401 diabetic youths(166 males and 235 females) with an age range of 10-19 years except one study,in which the age range was 13-30 years.Study participants were from Australia,Tunisia,Lithuania,Taiwan,Turkey,Brazilia,Belgium,Egypt and France.Four studies were aerobic-based,four were combined aerobic and anaerobic programs,and one compared aerobic exercise to anaerobic one.Available studies had insufficient evidence that any type of exercise or combined training would clearly improve the glycemic control in type 1 diabetic youth.Only three(two aerobic-based and one combined) studies could provide a significant positive change in glycemic control.CONCLUSION:The regular physical exercise has several other valuable physiological and health benefits that justify the inclusion of exercise in pediatric diabetes treatment and care.

Type 1 diabetes and celiac disease:The effects of gluten free diet on metabolic control

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with celiac disease,with a prevalence that varies between 0.6% and 16.4%,according to different studies.After a diagnosis of celiac disease is confirmed by small bowel biopsy,patients are advised to commence a gluten-free diet(GFD).This dietary restriction may be particularly difficult for the child with diabetes,but in Europe(and in Italy) many food stores have targeted this section of the market with better labeling of products and more availability of specific GFD products.Treatment with a GFD in symptomatic patients has been shown to improve the symptoms,signs and complications of celiac disease.However,the effects of a GFD on diabetic control are less well established.Initial reports of improved hypoglycemic control were based on children who were diagnosed with celiac disease associated with malabsorption,but there have subsequently been reports of improvement in patients with type 1 diabetes with subclinical celiac disease.There are other studies reporting no effect,improved control and an improvement of hypoglycemic episodes.Moreover,in this review we wish to focus on low glycemic index foods,often suggested in people with type 1 diabetes,since they might reduce postprandial glycemic excursion and enhance longterm glycemic control.In contrast,GFD may be rich in high glycemic index foods that can increase the risk of obesity,insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease,worsening the metabolic control of the child with diabetes.Hence,it is important to evaluate the impact of a GFD on metabolic control,growth and nutritional status in children with type 1 diabetes.

Optimizing Control of Bio-dissimilation Process of Glycerol to 1,3-Propanedlol

An iterative optimization strategy is proposed and applied to the steady state optimizing control of the bio-dissimilation process of glycerol to 1,3-propanediol in the presence of model-plant mismatch and input constraints. The scheme is based on the Augmented Integrated System Optimization and Parameter Estimation （AI- SOPE） technique, but a linearization of some performance function in the modified model-based optimization problem of AISOPE is introduced to overcome the difficulty of determining an appropriate penalty parameter. When carrying out the iterative optimization, the penalty coefficient is set to a larger value at the current iteration than at the previous iteration, which can promote the evolution rate of the iterative optimization. Simulation studies illustrate the potential ofthe approach presented for the optimizing control of the bioTdissimilation process of glycerol to 1,3-propanediol. The effects of measurement noise, measured and unmeasured disturbances on the proposed algorithm are also investigated.

Integral Event-Triggered Attack-Resilient Control of Aircraft-on-Ground Synergistic Turning System With Uncertain Tire Cornering Stiffness

This article proposes an integral-based event-triggered attack-resilient control method for the aircraft-on-ground(AoG) synergistic turning system with uncertain tire cornering stiffness under stochastic deception attacks. First, a novel AoG synergistic turning model is established with synergistic reverse steering of the front and main wheels to decrease the steering angle of the AoG fuselage, thus reducing the steady-state error when it follows a path with some large curvature. Considering that the tire cornering stiffness of the front and main wheels vary during steering, a dynamical observer is designed to adaptively identify them and estimate the system state at the same time.Then, an integral-based event-triggered mechanism(I-ETM) is synthesized to reduce the transmission frequency at the observerto-controller end, where stochastic deception attacks may occur at any time with a stochastic probability. Moreover, an attackresilient controller is designed to guarantee that the closed-loop system is robust L2-stable under stochastic attacks and external disturbances. A co-design method is provided to get feasible solutions for the observer, controller, and I-ETM simultaneously. An optimization program is further presented to make a tradeoff between the robustness of the control scheme and the saving of communication resources. Finally, the low-and high-probability stochastic deception attacks are considered in the simulations. The results have illustrated that the AoG synergistic turning system with the proposed control method follows a path with some large curvature well under stochastic deception attacks. Furthermore,compared with the static event-triggered mechanisms, the proposed I-ETM has demonstrated its superiority in saving communication resources.

Study of control strategy and simulation in anoxic-oxic nitrogen removal process

The control strategy and simulation of external carbon addition were specially studied in an anoxic-oxic(A/O) process with low carbon: nitrogen(C/N) domestic wastewater. The control strategy aimed to adjust the flow rate of external carbon dosage to the anoxic zone, thus the concentration of nitrate plus nitrite(NOx--N) in the anoxic zone was kept closed to the set point. The relationship was studied between the NOx--N concentration in the anoxic zone(S_ NO) and the dosage of external carbon, and the results showed that the removal efficiency of the total nitrogen(TN) could not be largely improved by double dosage of carbon source when S_ NO reached about 2 mg/L. Through keeping S_ NO at the level of about 2 mg/L, the demand of effluent quality could be met and the carbon dosage could be optimized. Based on the Activated Sludge Model No.1(ASM No.1), a simplified mathematical model of external carbon dosage was developed. Simulation results showed that PI controller and feed-forward PI controller both had good dynamic response and steady precision. And feed-forward PI controller had better control effects due to its consideration of influent disturbances.

Indicators of glycemic control in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnant women with diabetes mellitus

Recently, it has become clear that mild abnormal glucose tolerance increases the incidence of perinatal maternalinfant complications, and so the definition and diagnostic criteria of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) have been changed. Therefore, in patients with GDM and pregnant women with diabetes mellitus, even stricter glycemic control than before is required to reduce the incidence of perinatal maternal-infant complications. Strict glycemic control cannot be attained without an indicator of glycemic control; this review proposes a reliable indicator. The gold standard indicator of glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus is hemoglobin A1c(Hb A1c); however, we have demonstrated that Hb A1 c does not reflect glycemic control accurately during pregnancy because of iron deficiency. It has also become clear that glycated albumin, another indicator of glycemic control, is not influenced by iron deficiency and therefore might be a better indicator of glycemic control in patients with GDM and pregnant women with diabetes mellitus. However, largepopulation epidemiological studies are necessary in order to confirm our proposal. Here, we outline the most recent findings about the indicators of glycemic control during pregnancy including fructosamine and 1,5-anhydroglucitol.

Effect of hospital discharge plan for children with type 1 diabetes on discharge readiness,discharge education quality,and blood glucose control

BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood.The number of type 1 diabetes patients in China still ranks fourth in the world.Therefore,children with type 1 diabetes in China are a group that needs attention.The management of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)involves many aspects of daily life.It is extremely challenging for children and their families.T1DM children have complex medical care needs.Despite the continuous development of therapeutic medicine and treatment technologies,blood glucose control in children with T1DM is still not ideal.They and their parents need to acquire more knowledge and skills before being discharged.AIM To explore the influence of hospital discharge plan based on parental care needs of children with T1DM on discharge readiness,quality of discharge education and blood glucose control level.METHODS In total,102 parents of children with type 1 diabetes were divided into control group and intervention group according to admission time.Fifty cases from February to June 2019 were selected as the control group,and 52 cases from July to October 2019 were selected as the intervention group to implement the discharge plan.The Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale,Hospital Discharged Education Quality Scale and children's blood glucose metabolism indicators were used to compare the differences in discharge preparation,discharge education quality and blood glucose control between the two groups of children and their parents.RESULTS On the day of discharge,the two groups of children had the following scores of readiness for discharge:The intervention group score was 225.34±32.47,and the control group score was 208.68±29.31.The P value was 0.007,and the difference was statistically significant.The discharge education quality scores were as follows:The intervention group score was 135.11±19.86,the control group score was 124.13±15.56,the P value was 0.002 and the difference was statistically significant.Three months after discharge,the blood glucose metabolism indicator showed that the glycosylated hemoglobin value of the two groups was(7.45%±1.04%),and that of the control group was(8.04%±1.27%),P=0.012.Therefore,the improvement of parents'readiness for discharge,quality of discharge education and blood glucose metabolism indicators(glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose)in the intervention group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.CONCLUSION The discharge plan for children with T1DM can help the children and their families realize the transition from hospital care to home self-management and improve the parents'readiness for discharge,thereby improving children’s blood glucose control levels.

非线性连续时间系统L_1控制的非线性反馈(英文)

用集值分析方法研究了仿射非线性连续时间系统具λ 指数收敛率和 ρ 性能的L1 控制问题。首先 ,引入连续时间系统的受控λ 收缩集概念 ,并建立了与其Euler逼近的离散系统的受控收缩集之间的关系。然后 ,结合此概念 ,得到了这个问题有静态连续非线性解的充分条件。这推广了在稳定性意义下文献中的结果。

The role of NBS1 in DNA double strand break repair, telomere stability, and cell cycle checkpoint control

The genomes of eukaryotic cells are under continuous assault by environmental agents and endogenous metabolic byproducts. Damage induced in DNA usually leads to a cascade of cellular events, the DNA damage response. Failure of the DNA damage response can lead to development of malignancy by reducing the efficiency and fidelity of DNA repair. The NBS1 protein is a component of the MRE11/RAD50/NBS 1 complex （MRN） that plays a critical role in the cellular response to DNA damage and the maintenance of chromosomal integrity. Mutations in the NBS1 gene are responsible for Nijmegen breakage syndrome （NBS）, a hereditary disorder that imparts an increased predisposition to development of malignancy. The phenotypic characteristics of cells isolated from NBS patients point to a deficiency in the repair of DNA double strand breaks. Here, we review the current knowledge of the role of NBS1 in the DNA damage response. Emphasis is placed on the role of NBS1 in the DNA double strand repair, modulation of the DNA damage sensing and signaling, cell cycle checkpoint control and maintenance oftelomere stability.