High-fibre diet and Lactobacillus paracasei B21060 in symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease

AIM： To investigate in symptomatic uncomplicated di- verticular disease the efficacy of symbiotics associated with a high-fibre diet on abdominal symptoms. METHODS： This study was a multicentre, 6-too ran- domized, controlled, parallel-group intervention with a preceding 4-wk washout period. Consecutive out- patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease, aged 40-80 years, evaluated in 4 Gastroenterology Units, were enrolled. Symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease patients were randomized to two treatment arms A or B. Treatment A （n = 24 patients） received 1 symbiotic sachet Flortec~ （Lactobacillus paracasei B21060） once daily plus high-fibre diet for 6 mo. Treatment B （n = 21 patients） received high-fibre diet alone for 6 rno. The primary endpoint was regres- sion of abdominal symptoms and change of symptom severity after 3 and 6 mo of treatment. RESULTS： In group A, the proportion of patients with abdominal pain 〈 24 h decreased from 100% at base- line to 35% and 25% after 3 and 6 mo, respectively （P 〈 0.001）. In group B the proportion of patients with this symptom decreased from 90.5% at baseline to 61.9% and 38.1% after 3 and 6 mo, respectively （P = 0.001）. Symptom improvement became statistically sig- nificant at 3 and 6 mo in group A and B, respectively. The proportion of patients with abdominal pain 〉24 h decreased from 60% to 20% then 5% after 3 and 6 too, respectively in group A （P 〈 0.001） and from 33.3% to 9.5% at both 3 and 6 mo in group B （P = 0.03）. In group A the proportion of patients with ab- dominal bloating significantly decreased from 95% to 60% after 3 mo, and remained stable （65%） at 6-mo follow-up （P = 0.005） while in group B, no significant changes in abdominal bloating was observed （P = 0.11）. After 6 mo of treatment, the mean visual analogic scale （VAS） values of both short-lasting abdominal pain （VAS, mean ± SD, group A： 4.6 ± 2.1 vs 2.2 ± 0.8, P = 0.02; group B： 4.6 ± 2.9 vs 2.0 ± 1.9, P = 0.03） and abdom- inal bloating （VAS, mean ± SD, group A： 5.3 ± 2.2 vs 3.0 ± 1.7, P = 0.005; group B： 5.3 ±3.2 vs 2.3 ± 1.9, P = 0.006） decreased in both groups, whilst the VAS values of prolonged abdominal pain decreased in the Flortec group, but remained unchanged in the high-fibre diet group （VAS, mean ± SD, group A： 6.5 ± 1.5 vs 4.5 ± 2.1, P = 0.052; group B： 4.5 ± 3.8 vs 5.5 ± 3.5）. CONCLUSION： A high-fibre diet is effective in relievingabdominal symptoms in symptomatic uncomplicated di- verticular disease. This treatment may be implemented by combining the high-fibre diet with Flortec~.

Integrative proteomic-transcriptomic analysis revealed the lifestyles of Lactobacillus paracasei H4-11 and Kluyveromyces marxianus L1-1 under co-cultivation conditions

Compared with the rice-acid soup inoculated with single starter,the synergistically intensifi ed rice-acid soup inoculated with Lactobacillus paracasei H4-11(L.paracasei H4-11)and Kluyveromyces marxianus L1-1(K.marxianus L1-1)contained more fl avor compounds.Organic acids mainly included L-lactic acid and the main volatile fl avor component was ethyl acetate.Moreover,the signal intensity of astringency and bitterness and the total concentration of volatile sulfur compounds were reduced.The combined analysis results of RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)technology and 4D label-free quantitative(4D LFQ)proteomics explained the fl avor formation pathways in rice-acid soup inoculated with L.paracasei H4-11 and K.marxianus L1-1.In L.paracasei H4-11,L-lactate dehydrogenase,phosphoglucomutase,acetate kinase,alcohol dehydrogenase and acetyl-CoA were up-regulated and D-lactate dehydrogenase and N-Acetyltransferase were down-regulated.In K.marxianus L1-1,Acetyl-CoA,acetaldehyde dehydrogenase,acyl-coenzyme A,N-acetyltransferase,and L-lactate dehydrogenase were up-regulated and hexokinase,alcohol dehydrogenase,and alcohol O-acetyltransferase were down-regulated.The above up-regulation and down-regulation synergistically promoted the formation of characteristic fl avor compounds(mainly L-lactic acid and ethyl acetate).Enzyme-linked immunoassay(ELISA)and parallel reaction monitoring(PRM)quantitative analysis respectively verifi ed that 5 key metabolic enzymes and 27 proteins in L.paracasei H4-11 and K.marxianus L1-1 were associated with the characteristic fl avor of rice-acid soup,as confi rmed by the quantitative results of 4D LFQ.

Fermentation of mead using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus paracasei: Strain growth, aroma components and antioxidant capacity

Positive effects of fermented foods consumption on humans have stimulated lots of research attention.The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Lactobacillus paracasei M-8R on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of mead during its fermentation.The mixed fermentation mead with Lactobacillus paracasei M-8R had an alcohol content of 17%,higher total polyphenols(107.14 mg GAE/L)and total flavonoids(74.53 mg RE/L)and the highest antioxidant capacity.The control sample(fermented only by yeast)was successive:11.2%,94 mg GAE/L and 68.74 mg RE/L.The most abundant volatile flavor compounds(80 species)were detected in the mead fermented by Saccharomyces Only.Combined with sensory evaluation,the mixed fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae G10 and Lactobacillus paracasei M-8R is considered as the more promising fermentation method for mead production.

以酒精液态饲料评估副干酪乳杆菌Lactobacillus paracasei GKS68之护肝保健功效

过量饮酒易导致代谢过程产生过多自由基,造成氧化压力,影响脂质代谢造成脂肪累积于肝脏,长期会有慢性发炎、肝纤维化与肝癌等病变的风险。近年研究显示益生菌对人体健康扮演重要的角色。本研究以酒精液态饲料评估副干酪乳杆菌Lactobacillus paracasei GKS68之护肝保健功效。连续6周口服GKS68搭配酒精性饲料的C57BL/6雄性鼠动物模式中,小鼠之体重变化及摄取量与负对照组无显着差异;6周后牺牲进行血液生化分析,AST、ALT、TG、TC与负对照组均有显着下降。另外,肝脏相对重量、高剂量组之肝脏中TG、TC与负对照组亦有显着差异;肝脏酵素GSH含量、SOD活性在高剂量组与负对照组相比具有显着提升,显示GKS68可改善酒精引起的肝细胞损伤、有效降低酒精所造成的脂肪堆积,达到肝脏保健之功效。

益生菌Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei Zhang对海南地区部分青年人肠道菌群的影响

【目的】以海南地区征集的29名健康青年志愿者为研究对象,分析该地区青年人肠道菌群多样性,并探究益生菌Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei Zhang (LCZ)对其肠道菌群的影响。【方法】29名健康青年志愿者每日补充2 g益生菌LCZ (0.5×10^10CFU/g),为期14 d。采集摄入益生菌LCZ第0、14、28天的志愿者粪便样品,采用Pac Bio SMRT测序技术基于16S rRNA基因全长测序分析志愿者粪便微生物组成和结构,评估益生菌LCZ对其肠道菌群的影响。【结果】在门水平上,Firmicutes (54.46%)和Bacteroidetes (33.79%)在志愿者粪便微生物中含量最高;在属水平上,Bacteroides (23.13%)的相对含量最高;在种水平上,优势菌种为Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (9.72%)、Eubacterium rectale (7.00%)和Prevotella copri (6.07%)等。摄入益生菌LCZ 14 d后,肠道中的优势菌属变化不显著,低丰度菌属如Oscillospira和Parabacteroides等显著增加,Aeromonas和Fusicatenibacter等显著减少(P<0.05)。此外根据志愿者粪便中Lactobacillus含量的变化情况,将所有志愿者分为两组。其中一组志愿者在摄入LCZ后粪便中Lactobacillus菌属相对含量显著增加,同时该组志愿者肠道中其他菌种如Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum、Lactococcus raffinolactis和Parabacteroides distasoni亦显著增加;而另一组志愿者,Lactobacillus及上述菌种均未发生显著变化。【结论】连续2周摄入益生菌LCZ对志愿者肠道菌群中优势菌属的相对丰度影响不显著,但对低丰度菌属的相对丰度影响显著。

Lactic acid bacteria mediated fermented soybean as a potent nutraceutical candidate

Objective: To study some soybean cultivars commonly used in Northern Thailand that exhibit high nutritional profile and to investigate the changes in bioactive principles and antioxidant capacity of the fermented soy broth that was prepared using the selected soybean cultivar and Lactobacillus paracasei HII02 mediated fermentation process.Methods: The best soybean cultivar was subjected to fermentation, and then analyzed the phytochemical, antioxidant and nutritional changes by high performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometric analysis.Results: Sor Jor 2 soybean cultivar showed rich nutritional profile and was subjected to fermentation process. Lactobacillus paracasei HII02 mediated fermentation of Sor Jor 2 soybean exhibited stable physical and chemical characteristics. Lactic acid bacteria mediated fermentation also increased the aglycone forms of isoflavone content, exhibited antioxidant capacity and thereby enhanced the quality of the fermented soy broth. It also prevented the growth of coliforms in fermented soybean.Conclusions: The study results suggest that fermented soybean is rich in nutrition and considered to be safe for consumption for the improvement of health and to treat the malnutrition.

<i>In-Vitro</i>Comparison of Antimicrobial Actions of Probiotics (<i>Lactobacilli</i>Species and <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i>) with Standard Antibiotics for the Treatment of Diarrhea in Pediatric Population

Background and objectives: Irrational and repeated use of broad spectrum antibiotics for infectious diarrhea in children has resulted in their increased resistance along with several systemic toxic effects. Probiotics are also used in the management of infectious diarrhea as these are supposed to be favorable in promoting overall health benefits including stability of the intestinal flora. However, these agents are not used as an alternative to antibiotics as their exact bactericidal/bacteriostatic effects have not been evaluated on the basis of any clinical or in-vitro samples (Culture and Sensitivity test). Hence the aim of our study was to compare the culture and sensitivity patterns of standard antibiotics and two probiotics, Lactobacilli (Lactobacillus paracasei/Lactobacillus acidophilus) and Saccharomyces boulardii used for the treatment of infectious diarrhea in children less than 5 years of age in a tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: This prospective quasi experimental study was conducted for a period of six months. After getting informed consent from parents/guardians, the stool samples were obtained from children of ages, 6 months to 5 years, presented with signs and symptoms of diarrhea in outpatient department (OPD) or being referred to microbiology department for stool C/S (culture and sensitivity). The sensitivity patterns of the cultured isolates were assessed for standard antibiotics according to the CLSI guidelines (2018), while the two probiotics (Lactobacilli and Saccharomyces boulardii) were evaluated by means of Dried Modification method. The data was analyzed using statistical software SPSS version 19.0. Results: A total number of 325 stool samples were collected, out of which 152 samples were positive for pathogens i.e. E. coli, Klebsiella and Salmonella typhi. The sensitivity of combination of Lactobacilli for E. coli, Klebsiella and Salmonella typhi was 28.3%, 25% and 25% respectively. While, for Saccharomyces boulardii the sensitivity for E. coli, Klebsiella and Salmonella typhi was 37%, 32.1% and 25% respectively, which were slightly higher or equivalent to commonly prescribed antibiotics such as Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid, Ceftazidime, Ampicillin, Cefotaxime, Cefuroxime, Ceftriaxone, Aztreonam, Trimethoprim/ Sulfmethoxazole and Nalidixic acid. In comparison, the antibiotics which are not frequently used for infectious diarrhea showed higher sensitivities for all isolated organisms;as for E. coli the highest sensitivity was observed for Amikacin (96.7%), Gentamycin (95.7%) Imipenim (95.7%) and Piperacillin/Tazobactam (84.8%). Moreover, for Klebsiella the highest sensitivity was observed for Imipenim (98.2%), followed by Amikacin (94.6%), Piperacillin/Tazobactam (92.9%) and Gentamycin (89.3%). Conclusion: On in-vitro cultured samples, the two probiotics Lactobacilli and Saccharomyces boulardii have shown slightly higher or equivalent sensitivity in comparison to the most commonly prescribed antibiotics (Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid, Ceftazidime, Ampicillin, Cefotaxime, Cefuroxime Ceftriaxone, Aztreonam, Trimethoprim/Sulfmethoxazole and Nalidixic acid). However, both probiotics displayed lower sensitivity in comparison to some broad spectrum but less commonly prescribed antibiotics (Amikacin, Gentamycin, Imipenim and Piperacillin/Tazobactam) in our clinical settings.

Highly active probiotic hydrogels matrixed on bacterial EPS accelerate wound healing via maintaining stable skin microbiota and reducing inflammation

Skin microbiota plays an important role in wound healing,but skin injuries are highly susceptible to wound infections,leading to disruption of the skin microbiota.However,conventional antibacterial hydrogels eliminate both probiotics and pathogenic bacteria,disrupting the balance of the skin microbiota.Therefore,it is important to develop a wound dressing that can fend off foreign pathogenic bacteria while preserving skin microbiota stability.Inspired by live bacteria therapy,we designed a probiotic hydrogel(HAEPS@L.sei gel)with high viability for promoting wound healing.Lactobacillus paracasei TYM202 encapsulated in the hydrogel has the activity of promoting wound healing,and the hydrogel matrix EPS-M76 has the prebiotic activity that promotes the proliferation and metabolism of Lactobacillus paracasei TYM202.During the wound healing process,HAEPS@L.sei gel releases lactic acid and acetic acid to resist the growth of pathogenic bacteria while maintaining Firmicutes and Proteobacteria balance at the phylum level,thus preserving skin microbiota stability.Our results showed that live probiotic hydrogels reduce the incidence of inflammation during wound healing while promoting angiogenesis and increasing collagen deposition.This study provides new ideas for developing wound dressings predicated on live bacterial hydrogels.