降解检材STR分型Ladder-Like条带形成原因的探讨

目的探讨降解DNA短串联重复序列PCR扩增产物在PAGE中Ladder-L ike条带的形成原因。方法用一组人工合成的不同长度的D8S1179DNA单链,模拟降解检材中的断裂DNA;利用John M设计的D8S1179引物对模拟模板的DNA单链进行PCR扩增,PAGE分离。结果不同模拟模板的DNA单链的组合可以扩增出不同的Lad-der-L ike条带。结论短串联重复序列Ladder-like条带是PCR过程中降解DNA多态区互补扩增的产物。

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL REACTIVE LADDER-LIKE POLYSILSESQUIOXANE WITH LATERAL BROMOPHENYL GROUPS

A novel soluble, reactive ladder-like polysilsesquioxane (L) with lateral bromophenyl groups was synthesized successfully by stepwise coupling polymerization (SCP) method including preaminolysis, hydrolysis and polycondensation steps. The monomer 3-trichlorosilylpropoxy-4-bromobenzene (M) was first prepared via hydrosilylation reaction catalyzed by dicyclopentadienylplatinum dichloride (Cp2PtCl2). The title polymer (L) was characterized by 1H-NMR, 29Si-NMR, FTIR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), DSC and vapor pressure osmometry (VPO). The experimental results indicate that the polymer (L) possesses a typical ladder-like structure.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Novel Double Ladder-like Cadmium Coordination Polymer Constructed by Isophthalate and Imidazole

A novel double ladder-like cadmium coordination polymer with isophthalate as bridging ligands and imidazole as non-chelating capping ligands was obtained by a hydrothermal reaction. The crystal is of triclinic, space group P1 with a = 10.266（2）, b = 11.573（2）, c = 12.651（3） A, α = 89.95（3）, β= 74.64（3）,γ = 68.54（3）°, C50H44Cd4N12O18, Mr = 1550.57, V= 1341.1（5）A3, Dc = 1.920 g/cm3, F（000） = 764, p = 1.651 cm-1 and Z = 1. The final refinement gave R = 0.0342 and wR = 0.0738 for 5925 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. The crystal structure involves two different ladder-like chains, which are further connected to form a ladder-like double chain architecture via hydrogen bonding interactions, extending along the b axis. The weak interactions including hydrogen bonds and π-π staking interactions contribute to the alignment of the complex in the crystalline state.

Synthesis and Structure of a Ladder-like Co-crystal Cu^ICl with 3,5-Dipropyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole

Redox reaction of a mixture of CuC12·2H2O, HaPO3 and dpatrz （3,5-dipropyl- 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole） at room temperature yields one new compound, [Cu（1）（/.t2-dpatrz）aCu（1）CI2], with two independent cis- and trans-propyl side chain molecules. Compound 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 7.474（1）, b = 17.807（1）, c = 18.851（1） A, β = 108.32（1）°, V = 2381.7（2） A3, Z = 4, C16H32CI2Cu2Ns, Mr = 534.48, Dc = 1.491 g.cm-3,μ = 2.03 mm-1, F（000） = 1104, GOOF = 1.050, the final R = 0.0445 and wR = 0.1162 for 3162 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. Compound 1 shows discrete dimeric structures （A and B） containing inversion centers and the Cu（l） ions are coordinated in triangle geometries. The isomers are connected by N-H…CI hydrogen bonds, chains with graph-set C（7） and rings R22（14） and C-H..＇Jr interactions into stair-step chains （Tapes A and B） running parallel to the [01-1] direction. The N-H…C1 hydrogen bonds result in chain and cyclic structures with graph-sets C22（17） and R34（18） linking tapes A and B to form two-dimensional networks along the [031] direction. Packing of crystal 1 is stabilized by rings R34（18） and weak C-H…C1 hydrogen bonds parallel to the [01-2] direction. Bond valence sum （BVS） and UV-Vis absorption spectra support the existence of Cu（I） ions. Compound 1 exhibits extensive green blue phosphorescence in the solid state at room temperature.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACERIZATION OF LADDER-LIKE POLYDECYLSILSESQUIOXANE

Ladder-like polydecylsilsesquioxane (LPDS) was synthesized by a preamminolysis reaction ofdecyltrichlorosilane with ethylene diamine, followed by hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction. LPDS issoluble in a nonpolar solvent such as heptane and insoluble in a high polar solvent such as methanol. It wascharaterized by IR, ~1H-NMR, ^(29)Si-NMR, GPC and X-ray diffraction.

Synthesis and characterization of a ladder-like structure compound formed by cadmium (II) and anionic nitronyl nitroxide

A ladder-like structure compound formed by cadmium (II) and anionic nitronyl nitroxide, [Cd2(NITpBA)4(H2O)4] (where NITpBA = 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydro-imidazol-1-oxyl-3-oxide), has been synthesized and characterized. X-ray analysis reveals that the compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/c (No. 14) space group, and [Cd2(NITpBA)4(H2O)4] units are linked into infinite chains by radical bridging ligands.

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF LADDER-LIKE HEISENBERG SYSTEM

By combining the cumulant expansion method with the double-chain approximation, we study thermodynamic properties of ladder-like He isenberg system. We find the interaction between interchains has different effect in high and low temperature.

Synthesis of Ladder-like Polyphenylsilsesquioxanes with Fairly High Regularity Using 1,2-Ethylenediamine as Endo-template

Ladder-like polyphenylsilsesquioxanes with fairly high regularity were synthesized using an endo-template 1,2-ethylenediamine at mild temperature via direct co-hydrolysis and condensation reactions in the presence of acid catalysts in the mixture of 1,4-dioxane/H20. The features for synthesis of ladder-like polyphenylsilsesquioxanes were investigated in detail. The products obtained were characterized by FTIR, SEC, XRD and NMR.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AMINO FUNCTIONALIZED LADDER-LIKE POLYSILSESQUIOXANES AND THEIR HYBRID FILMS WITH POLYIMIDE

Ladder-like polysilsesquioxanes （LPSQs） with different amino contents have been synthesized by controlling of the dosage of Pd/C catalyst. The concentration and activity of amino groups were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Polyimide （PI）/LPSQ hybrid films have been prepared by incorporating of the obtained LPSQs with different amino contents into PI matrix, respectively. The interfacial interactions between PI matrix and LPSQ were studied with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, meanwhile the thermal and mechanical properties of the hybrid films were studied using dynamic mechanical analysis and tensile tests. The results indicate that the functionality of LPSQ has great effects on the interfacial interactions and the properties of hybrid films. With the increase of amino content, both the interracial interactions and the cross-linking density of hybrids enhanced, which results in the decline of surface silicon concentration, increase of Young＇s modulus and drop of elongation at break. Excessive amino content makes the hybrid films brittle and leads to incomplete imidization.

两组引物对无毛囊毛根的PCR-STR分型

目的了解无毛囊毛根的短扩增子引物和通用引物PCR-STR分型在法医实践中应用的可行性。方法应用5对Bulter设计的短扩增子引物D8S1179、D21S11、THO1、D16S539和VWA与其对应的STR通用引物,利用非变性PAGE,对无毛囊毛根进行PCR-STR分型的对比研究。结果短扩增子引物与通用引物对无毛囊毛根分型的正确率:D8S1179为11.4%和17.1%、D21S11为3.7%和5.9%、vWA为22.2%和33.3%、THO1为9.3%和5.6%、D16S539为0和9.2%。毛根的短扩增子引物和通用引物部分STR分型出现了干扰结果的Ladder-like背景条带。结论在对无毛囊毛根检材进行通用引物和短扩增子引物PCR-STR分型时,五个STR位点分型检测的成功率有限,还需注意Ladder-like条带的干扰。

中国胶东焦家式金矿类型及其成矿理论

胶东焦家式金矿是中国最重要的金矿类型,是受构造控制的热液型金矿,可分为破碎带蚀变岩型、含金石英脉型、破碎带石英网脉带型、硫化物石英脉型、层间滑动构造带型、蚀变砾岩型和盆缘断裂角砾岩型等亚类。金矿成矿时期为早白垩世,成矿物质来源于强烈的壳幔相互作用,常具有绢英岩化、黄铁矿化、硅化、钾化等矿化蚀变,金矿体产出具有尖灭再现、分支复合、侧伏、斜列、叠瓦规律。岩浆热隆、流体活动、伸展拆离是导致胶东大规模金矿形成的三大关键要素;早白垩世壳幔同熔岩浆活动分凝和激活的围岩流体是金矿迁移、富集的载体;岩浆上隆产生的伸展拆离构造为金矿成矿提供了有利空间。据此,提出了焦家式金矿"热隆-伸展"成矿理论。焦家式金矿形成于早白垩世中国东部岩石圈大规模减薄阶段,受伸展构造系统控制。控矿构造沿倾向呈现陡缓相间的倾角变化规律,金矿主要沿断裂倾角变化的平缓部位和陡、缓转折部位富集,构成"阶梯式"分布型式。

反应性梯形聚氢基倍半硅氧烷合成方法的改进

对反应性梯形聚氢基倍半硅氧烷 (H T)的合成方法进行了改进 .首先利用硅羟基与硅氯基之间的脱氯化氢缩聚来代替以前采用的硅羟基间脱水缩聚反应 ,进一步提高了作为梯撑的对苯二胺之间氢键在聚合反应中的模板作用 .另外利用三甲基氯硅烷与对苯二胺梯撑的聚硅氧烷中间体的末端硅羟基进行封端反应 ,从而保证在脱除对苯二胺梯撑模板分子过程中避免进一步的无规缩合导致支化或交联 ,得到的反应性梯形聚氢基倍半硅氧烷 (H T)的规整性有所改善 .热分析结果表明与单链聚二甲基硅氧烷的Tg(- 12 3℃ )相比 ,其Tg 高达 117 0℃ ,证明这种梯形高分子具有刚性链结构 .尤其是2 9Si NMR谱中代表梯形主链上硅原子 (SiO3 2 )峰的基线宽度Δ =5 ,而采用硅羟基间脱水缩合方法得到聚合物的Δ =8～ 10 .表明该反应性梯形聚氢基倍半硅氧烷H T的规整性得到了明显的提高 .而且 ,该聚合物又是第一个可溶性、反应性、纯梯形主链无机高分子 ,它可以进一步通过硅 氢侧基接枝反应制备不同类型的梯形无机主链功能高分子 .

两个具有Sn_4O_4梯状结构二丁基锡羧酸酯的微波溶剂热合成、结构和体外抗癌活性

在甲醇微波溶剂热中,二丁基氧化锡分别与4-甲基苯甲酸、4-二甲氨基苯甲酸反应,合成了2个具有梯形结构的二丁基锡羧酸酯[(μ3-O)(μ2-OMe)(n-Bu2Sn)2(O2CR)]2(R=4-Me-C6H4(1),4-Me2N-C6H4(2)),并对其进行了元素分析、IR和(1H,13C和119Sn)NMR光谱表征。X射线晶体衍射分析表明,化合物1、2具有Sn4O4构筑的3个四元环梯形骨架平面结构,μ3-O桥联2个环内梯锡和1个环梯端锡原子,此外,甲醇氧还以μ2-O桥联1个环内梯锡和1个环梯端锡原子,锡与配基原子构成畸形三角双锥六面体。化合物对人结肠癌(HT-29)、肝癌细胞(Hep G2)、乳腺癌(MCF-7)、鼻咽癌(KB)和肺癌细胞(A549)均显示出比临床使用的顺铂还强的抗癌活性。

改良髋臼周围截骨阶梯状植骨术治疗大龄儿童先天性髋关节脱位

目的 :探讨大龄儿童先天髋脱位的手术方法。方法 :采用改良髋臼周围截骨 ,阶梯状植骨术治疗大龄儿童先天髋脱位 48例 62髋关节 ,并进行随访观察。结果 :得到随访 45例 5 7髋 ,关节位置同心复位良好 ,无 1例发生脱位及半脱位 ,关节功能恢复良好。结论

阶梯性疗法对预防消化性溃疡复发的疗效观察

目的:用四种治疗消化性溃疡的药物对消化性溃疡患者进行阶梯性治疗,观察其预防复发的临床功效。方法:把确诊的113例消化性溃疡患者分为两组:奥美拉唑、羟氨苄青霉素、胶态次枸橼酸铋、呋喃唑酮阶梯性治疗组和单纯奥美拉唑治疗组,对两组进行疗效观察。结果:前6周两组疗效无明显差异,半年复查阶梯性治疗组复发率低于单纯组。结论:阶梯性疗法治疗消化性溃疡能有效地降低消化性溃疡的复发率。

山东省基于财政补贴的农业阶梯水价改革探讨

基于最严格水资源管理制度,提出了国有水利工程农业供水阶梯水价改革思路。根据农业灌溉定额管理、计量收费的原则,由政府和农户共同承担农业灌溉供水费用:国有水利工程农业供水分为定额内水价和超定额水价,按照实际供水到户亩灌水量,定额内水费由国家或地方财政承担,超定额实施阶梯水价由农户承担。这种方法针对山东省新形势下的农业水费进行合理分摊,既能起到贴补农业、减轻农民负担的作用,也有利于提高农民节水意识,解决水管单位农业水费不足、难以维持良性发展的困境。

珠江口盆地向海阶梯状断裂特征及成因分析

珠江口盆地是南海北部大陆边缘新生代发育起来的裂陷型盆地,蕴藏丰富的油气资源,同时位于华南块体与南海块体的洋陆转换带上,因此研究珠江口盆地的裂陷演化过程对探讨南海的成因机制有重要的意义。前人研究成果表明,珠江口盆地新生代的断裂以NE向和NW向为主,把珠江口盆地分隔成南北分带、东西分块的构造格局,本文通过地球物理资料解释发现其中NE向断裂呈明显的向海阶梯状排列的发育特征,控制着珠江口盆地从北向南的裂陷演化过程以及沉积构造迁移。结合区域构造演化背景分析,认为太平洋板块俯冲以及印度-欧亚板块碰撞引起的远程和深部效应是阶梯状断裂的主要动力学机制,南海北部岩浆活动、张裂作用以及南部洋盆的洋脊跃迁等构造事件在时空上为连续、有序的构造事件,与深部地幔物质一边上涌一边向南迁移有关。

廊坊市城市生活用水全成本定价模式的研究

廊坊市是我国北方严重的资源型缺水地区,随着社会经济的发展,供需矛盾日益突出。本文针对目前廊坊市居民生活用水水价存在的问题,提出采用全成本定价模式计算水价,并对资源水价和环境水价进行了量化。用模糊数学方法测得资源水价为2．82元／m3,采用平均增量成本法计算得出环境水价为0．50元／m3,从而得出全成本水价为4．62元／m3。考虑到居民收入差距较大,建议实行阶梯式计量水价。

梯形聚苯基倍半硅氧烷的新型制备方法

以苯基三氯硅烷为原料,利用经过改良的热平衡缩合法,得到产物梯形聚苯基倍半硅氧烷(Ph-T)。借助傅立叶红外、X射线衍射和核磁共振硅谱等方法,确定了产物具有规整的梯形分子结构;以热重分析测定了其耐热性,在空气中失重5%时温度为530℃,具有优良的耐热性能。

孔隙率阶梯分布多孔介质内传热及流动性

为研究孔隙率阶梯分布多孔介质内传热及流动,采用局部热平衡假设,考虑流体密度随温度变化,引入Brinkman-Forchheimer的扩展Darcy模型进行修正,建立水平方向孔隙率阶梯分布多孔介质自然对流数值模型,采用有限体积法进行计算.对数值模型进行实验验证,分析出孔隙率阶梯分布对传热及流动的影响.综合数值计算和实验结论表明:相同温差条件下,大孔隙率侧为高温壁面时对流传热达到稳态的时间比小孔隙率侧为高温壁面时要短;流体速度场分布主要受孔隙率分布影响,最大流速随温差和Ra增大而增大,且最大流速出现在大孔隙率靠近壁面处,与是否靠近高、低温壁面无关;高温壁面平均努谢尔数u随着Ra增大而增大,当lgRa>4时,Ra的增加对u的变化影响较小.