Objective:Acorus calamus(AC)L.(Araceae)is an annual semi-aquatic and aromatic plant found in Europe,North America and Asia.Its rhizomes are often used by Native Americans,Americans,and Chinese as well as by other cult...Objective:Acorus calamus(AC)L.(Araceae)is an annual semi-aquatic and aromatic plant found in Europe,North America and Asia.Its rhizomes are often used by Native Americans,Americans,and Chinese as well as by other cultures.Ethnobotanical studies and documents have shown their use in various disease treatments,such as insomnia,mental disorders,diabetes mellitus,epilepsy,inflammation,asthma,neuropathic pain,and diarrhea.In this study,the antidepressant activity of methanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts of the AC rhizome part in mice was investigated.Methods:Three doses of methanolic extract of AC rhizome(MEACR)(25,50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt),three doses of hydroalcoholic extract of AC rhizome(HAACR)(100,200 and 400 mg/kg b.wt),and standards(imipramine,15 mg/kg b.wt and fluoxetine,20 mg/kg b.wt)was daily oral administration to the mice for consecutive 14 days.The extract effect on the immobility time was monitored by a tail suspension test(TST)and a forced swimming test(FST).Monoamine oxidase(MAO)levels were also analyzed using standard methods.Results:The optimum antidepressant activity was viewed at 100 mg/kg b.wt of MEACR extract and400 mg/kg b.wt of HAACR extract with 23.82%and 20.59%immobility period reduction,respectively.Besides,the extracts weakened the FST-induced elevation of MAO activity significantly and returned to near-normal levels of neurotransmitters in the brain.100 mg/kg b.wt or above of MEACR extract significantly prevented the MAO-A and MAO-B activities in mice brain at a dose-dependent fashion.But,just 400 mg/kg b.wt of HAACR extract prevented the activity of MAO-A and MAO-B.Fluoxetine and imipramine showed a tendency to prevent the activity of MAO-A and MAO-B.Conclusion:This study suggests that AC rhizome extract mediated antidepressant activity by modulating the central neurochemical and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis in response to FST and TSTinduced stress.Therefore,AC rhizome extract can be used as a valuable plant supplement to treat depressive disorders.展开更多
The safety of oxyclozanidc suspension was preliminarily evaluated through acute toxicity test in mice. Administration dose, formal trial grouping and group interval were determined in pre-trial using incremental metho...The safety of oxyclozanidc suspension was preliminarily evaluated through acute toxicity test in mice. Administration dose, formal trial grouping and group interval were determined in pre-trial using incremental method. Formal test was performed using simplified karber＇s method. Changes in sign of mice after ad- ministration were observed; the mortality rate was statistically calculated, and the time of death was recorded; the median lethal dose （LD50） and 95% confidence limit of oxyclozanide suspension were calculated. The results showed the LD50 of oxyclozanide suspension in mice by oral administration was 1. 679 g/kg, and the 95% confidence interval was 1. 439 - 1. 947 g/kg. According to toxicity grading of chemicals, oxyclozanide suspension was low toxic substance.展开更多
Objective To investigate the effects of high concentrations of iodide exposure on mitochondrial superoxide production,cell viability and cell damage in the thyroid of metallothioneinⅠ/Ⅱknockout(MT-Ⅰ/ⅡKO)mice and c...Objective To investigate the effects of high concentrations of iodide exposure on mitochondrial superoxide production,cell viability and cell damage in the thyroid of metallothioneinⅠ/Ⅱknockout(MT-Ⅰ/ⅡKO)mice and corresponding wild type(WT)mice.Methods Thyroid cell suspension of six to eight weeks old healthy male MT-Ⅰ/ⅡKO mice and WT mice were prepared.展开更多
试验以2株乳杆菌MG2 1、L casei zhang按不同剂量分别饲喂小鼠,在5,10,15,20,25,30天测定其血清中IgG及肠道内SIgA含量。结果表明:饲喂不同剂量2株菌的乳悬液均能极显著地提高IgG、SIgA的含量(P<0.01)。在提高IgG含量方面,2菌株均表...试验以2株乳杆菌MG2 1、L casei zhang按不同剂量分别饲喂小鼠,在5,10,15,20,25,30天测定其血清中IgG及肠道内SIgA含量。结果表明:饲喂不同剂量2株菌的乳悬液均能极显著地提高IgG、SIgA的含量(P<0.01)。在提高IgG含量方面,2菌株均表现出低、中剂量饲喂组随着饲喂时间的不断增加,有超过高剂量组的趋势。在第25天时,菌株MG2 1中剂量组极显著地高于高剂量组;L casei zhang低剂量组极显著地高于中、高剂量组。而SIgA高剂量组比低、中剂量组高。展开更多
目的:改良传统鼠尾悬吊试验(Tail Suspensi on Test,TST),通过计算机精确地测定及评估大鼠体力及精神状况,实现行为学的计算机辅助化。方法:以大中型手术创伤复制体力及精神低下的动物模型,41只大鼠随机分为手术创伤组及对照组,并以这...目的:改良传统鼠尾悬吊试验(Tail Suspensi on Test,TST),通过计算机精确地测定及评估大鼠体力及精神状况,实现行为学的计算机辅助化。方法:以大中型手术创伤复制体力及精神低下的动物模型,41只大鼠随机分为手术创伤组及对照组,并以这两组为验证对象。以Medlab-U多导生物信号记录仪结合传统鼠尾悬吊试验,以计算机辅助化的电子信号波形式记录处于倒挂厌恶条件下大鼠因反抗不适体位或试图逃脱而挣扎时释放的动能及势能,并依据释放的能量提出挣扎域上面积、累积不动时间和单次最长静止时间等三大指标评价该两组大鼠体力耐力及精神方面的差异。结果:改良法三大指标验证手术创伤组术后改变,在该实验中以上三大指标都有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01);与传统法相比,改良法不仅能排除实验人员主观因素导致的误差,使实验结果客观化,增加可信度,而且提高了动物行为学测定效率,更实现了动物行为学试验的自动化、量化。结论:改良法用于测定及评估各种大鼠模型体力及精神情况,方法简单,结果可靠。展开更多
文摘Objective:Acorus calamus(AC)L.(Araceae)is an annual semi-aquatic and aromatic plant found in Europe,North America and Asia.Its rhizomes are often used by Native Americans,Americans,and Chinese as well as by other cultures.Ethnobotanical studies and documents have shown their use in various disease treatments,such as insomnia,mental disorders,diabetes mellitus,epilepsy,inflammation,asthma,neuropathic pain,and diarrhea.In this study,the antidepressant activity of methanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts of the AC rhizome part in mice was investigated.Methods:Three doses of methanolic extract of AC rhizome(MEACR)(25,50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt),three doses of hydroalcoholic extract of AC rhizome(HAACR)(100,200 and 400 mg/kg b.wt),and standards(imipramine,15 mg/kg b.wt and fluoxetine,20 mg/kg b.wt)was daily oral administration to the mice for consecutive 14 days.The extract effect on the immobility time was monitored by a tail suspension test(TST)and a forced swimming test(FST).Monoamine oxidase(MAO)levels were also analyzed using standard methods.Results:The optimum antidepressant activity was viewed at 100 mg/kg b.wt of MEACR extract and400 mg/kg b.wt of HAACR extract with 23.82%and 20.59%immobility period reduction,respectively.Besides,the extracts weakened the FST-induced elevation of MAO activity significantly and returned to near-normal levels of neurotransmitters in the brain.100 mg/kg b.wt or above of MEACR extract significantly prevented the MAO-A and MAO-B activities in mice brain at a dose-dependent fashion.But,just 400 mg/kg b.wt of HAACR extract prevented the activity of MAO-A and MAO-B.Fluoxetine and imipramine showed a tendency to prevent the activity of MAO-A and MAO-B.Conclusion:This study suggests that AC rhizome extract mediated antidepressant activity by modulating the central neurochemical and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis in response to FST and TSTinduced stress.Therefore,AC rhizome extract can be used as a valuable plant supplement to treat depressive disorders.
基金Supported by National Key Technology R&D Program(2015BAD1101)Special Project of China Agricultural Industry Research System(CAR-38)
文摘The safety of oxyclozanidc suspension was preliminarily evaluated through acute toxicity test in mice. Administration dose, formal trial grouping and group interval were determined in pre-trial using incremental method. Formal test was performed using simplified karber＇s method. Changes in sign of mice after ad- ministration were observed; the mortality rate was statistically calculated, and the time of death was recorded; the median lethal dose （LD50） and 95% confidence limit of oxyclozanide suspension were calculated. The results showed the LD50 of oxyclozanide suspension in mice by oral administration was 1. 679 g/kg, and the 95% confidence interval was 1. 439 - 1. 947 g/kg. According to toxicity grading of chemicals, oxyclozanide suspension was low toxic substance.
文摘Objective To investigate the effects of high concentrations of iodide exposure on mitochondrial superoxide production,cell viability and cell damage in the thyroid of metallothioneinⅠ/Ⅱknockout(MT-Ⅰ/ⅡKO)mice and corresponding wild type(WT)mice.Methods Thyroid cell suspension of six to eight weeks old healthy male MT-Ⅰ/ⅡKO mice and WT mice were prepared.
文摘试验以2株乳杆菌MG2 1、L casei zhang按不同剂量分别饲喂小鼠,在5,10,15,20,25,30天测定其血清中IgG及肠道内SIgA含量。结果表明:饲喂不同剂量2株菌的乳悬液均能极显著地提高IgG、SIgA的含量(P<0.01)。在提高IgG含量方面,2菌株均表现出低、中剂量饲喂组随着饲喂时间的不断增加,有超过高剂量组的趋势。在第25天时,菌株MG2 1中剂量组极显著地高于高剂量组;L casei zhang低剂量组极显著地高于中、高剂量组。而SIgA高剂量组比低、中剂量组高。
文摘目的:改良传统鼠尾悬吊试验(Tail Suspensi on Test,TST),通过计算机精确地测定及评估大鼠体力及精神状况,实现行为学的计算机辅助化。方法:以大中型手术创伤复制体力及精神低下的动物模型,41只大鼠随机分为手术创伤组及对照组,并以这两组为验证对象。以Medlab-U多导生物信号记录仪结合传统鼠尾悬吊试验,以计算机辅助化的电子信号波形式记录处于倒挂厌恶条件下大鼠因反抗不适体位或试图逃脱而挣扎时释放的动能及势能,并依据释放的能量提出挣扎域上面积、累积不动时间和单次最长静止时间等三大指标评价该两组大鼠体力耐力及精神方面的差异。结果:改良法三大指标验证手术创伤组术后改变,在该实验中以上三大指标都有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01);与传统法相比,改良法不仅能排除实验人员主观因素导致的误差,使实验结果客观化,增加可信度,而且提高了动物行为学测定效率,更实现了动物行为学试验的自动化、量化。结论:改良法用于测定及评估各种大鼠模型体力及精神情况,方法简单,结果可靠。
