Exponential Decay of Laminated Beam with Nonlinear Time-varying Delay and Microtemperature Effect

This research paper addresses a topic of interest to many researchers and engineers due to its effective applications in various industrial areas.It focuses on the thermoelastic laminated beam model with nonlinear structural damping,nonlinear time-varying delay,and microtemperature effects.Our primary goal is to establish the stability of the solution.To achieve this,and under suitable hypotheses,we demonstrate energy decay and construct a Lyapunov functional that leads to our results.

Forming limit and failure behavior of fiber metal laminates under low-constraint conditions

Fiber Metal Laminates(FMLs),as high-performance composite materials,demonstrate exceptional potential in a wide range of applications,such as aeronautical and astronautical industries.However,the traditional cured FMLs possess complex interlayer stresses and low forming limits,restricting further promotion and application of FMLs.Low-constraint FMLs exhibit a lower forming resistance and better formability due to no curing during the forming process;however,the formation mechanism and response are not clear.This paper presents the Forming Limit Diagram(FLD)of low-constraint GLARE(glass fiber reinforced aluminum laminates)based on the forming limit test,and compares it with the conventionally cured laminates to evaluate the differences in the forming limit.In addition,combined with the analysis of failure mechanism and micro-deformation mechanism of specimens,the influence of different temperatures(20–80℃)and forming states(width)on the deformation performance of laminates is further explored.The results reveal that the forming limit curve of low-constraint laminates shifts up with the increase of temperature,the forming limit initially increases with the increase of width,then followed by a gradual decrease,and the maximum principal strain of low-constraint laminates is increased by 29% at 80℃ compared to 20℃.The cured laminate has a principal strain range of 0–0.02,while the low-constraint laminates have a principal strain range of 0.03–0.14.Compared with cured laminates,low-constraint laminates possess a higher forming limit due to the improvement in deformable degree between layers by resin flow and fiber slippage,which enhances their formability.This study is expected to serve as a reference for establishing forming limit criteria and optimizing forming schemes for low-constraint laminates.

Snap-through behaviors and nonlinear vibrations of a bistable composite laminated cantilever shell:an experimental and numerical study

The snap-through behaviors and nonlinear vibrations are investigated for a bistable composite laminated cantilever shell subjected to transversal foundation excitation based on experimental and theoretical approaches.An improved experimental specimen is designed in order to satisfy the cantilever support boundary condition,which is composed of an asymmetric region and a symmetric region.The symmetric region of the experimental specimen is entirely clamped,which is rigidly connected to an electromagnetic shaker,while the asymmetric region remains free of constraint.Different motion paths are realized for the bistable cantilever shell by changing the input signal levels of the electromagnetic shaker,and the displacement responses of the shell are collected by the laser displacement sensors.The numerical simulation is conducted based on the established theoretical model of the bistable composite laminated cantilever shell,and an off-axis three-dimensional dynamic snap-through domain is obtained.The numerical solutions are in good agreement with the experimental results.The nonlinear stiffness characteristics,dynamic snap-through domain,and chaos and bifurcation behaviors of the shell are quantitatively analyzed.Due to the asymmetry of the boundary condition and the shell,the upper stable-state of the shell exhibits an obvious soft spring stiffness characteristic,and the lower stable-state shows a linear stiffness characteristic of the shell.

Flexible,high-density,laminated ECoG electrode array for high spatiotemporal resolution foci diagnostic localization of refractory epilepsy

High spatiotemporal resolution brain electrical signals are critical for basic neuroscience research and high-precision focus diagnostic localization,as the spatial scale of some pathologic signals is at the submillimeter or micrometer level.This entails connecting hundreds or thousands of electrode wires on a limited surface.This study reported a class of flexible,ultrathin,highdensity electrocorticogram(ECoG)electrode arrays.The challenge of a large number of wiring arrangements was overcome by a laminated structure design and processing technology improvement.The flexible,ultrathin,high-density ECoG electrode array was conformably attached to the cortex for reliable,high spatial resolution electrophysiologic recordings.The minimum spacing between electrodes was 15μm,comparable to the diameter of a single neuron.Eight hundred electrodes were prepared with an electrode density of 4444 mm^(-2).In focal epilepsy surgery,the flexible,high-density,laminated ECoG electrode array with 36 electrodes was applied to collect epileptic spike waves inrabbits,improving the positioning accuracy of epilepsy lesions from the centimeter to the submillimeter level.The flexible,high-density,laminated ECoG electrode array has potential clinical applications in intractable epilepsy and other neurologic diseases requiring high-precision electroencephalogram acquisition.

Dynamic and electrical responses of a curved sandwich beam with glass reinforced laminate layers and a pliable core in the presence of a piezoelectric layer under low-velocity impact

The dynamic responses and generated voltage in a curved sandwich beam with glass reinforced laminate(GRL)layers and a pliable core in the presence of a piezoelectric layer under low-velocity impact(LVI)are investigated.The current study aims to carry out a dynamic analysis on the sandwich beam when the impactor hits the top face sheet with an initial velocity.For the layer analysis,the high-order shear deformation theory(HSDT)and Frostig's second model for the displacement fields of the core layer are used.The classical non-adhesive elastic contact theory and Hunter's principle are used to calculate the dynamic responses in terms of time.In order to validate the analytical method,the outcomes of the current investigation are compared with those gained by the experimental tests carried out by other researchers for a rectangular composite plate subject to the LVI.Finite element(FE)simulations are conducted by means of the ABAQUS software.The effects of the parameters such as foam modulus,layer material,fiber angle,impactor mass,and its velocity on the generated voltage are reviewed.

Effects of Sinusoidal Vibration of Crystallization Roller on Composite Microstructure of Ti/Al Laminated Composites by Twin-Roll Casting

A new,innovative vibration cast-rolling technology of “electromagnetic stirring+dendrite breaking+asynchronous rolling” was proposed with the adoption of sinusoidal vibration of crystallization roller to prepare Ti/Al laminated composites,and the effect of sinusoidal vibration of crystallization roller on composite microstructure was investigated in detail.The results show that the metallurgical bonding of titanium and aluminum is realized by mesh interweaving and mosaic meshing,instead of transition bonding by forming metal compound layer.The meshing depth between titanium and aluminum layers (6.6μm) of cast-rolling materials with strong vibration of crystallization roller (amplitude 0.87 mm,vibration frequency 25 Hz) is doubled compared with that of traditional cast-rolling materials (3.1μm),and the composite interfacial strength(27.0 N/mm) is twice as high as that of traditional cast-rolling materials (14.9 N/mm).This is because with the action of high-speed superposition of strong tension along the rolling direction,strong pressure along the width direction and rolling force,the composite linearity evolves from "straight line" with traditional casting-rolling to "curved line",and the depth and number of cracks in the interface increases greatly compared with those with traditional cast-rolling,which leads to the deep expansion of the meshing area between interfacial layers and promotes the stable enhancement of composite quality.

Fractures interaction and propagation mechanism of multi-cluster fracturing on laminated shale oil reservoir

The continental shale reservoirs of Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation in Sichuan Basin contain thin lamina,which is characterized by strong plasticity and developed longitudinal shell limestone interlayer.To improve the production efficiency of reservoirs by multi-cluster fracturing,it is necessary to consider the unbalanced propagation of hydraulic fractures and the penetration effect of fractures.This paper constructed a numerical model of multi-fracture propagation and penetration based on the finite element coupling cohesive zone method;considering the construction cluster spacing,pump rate,lamina strength and other parameters studied the influencing factors of multi-cluster fracture interaction propagation;combined with AE energy data and fracture mode reconstruction method,quantitatively characterized the comprehensive impact of the strength of thin interlayer rock interfaces on the initiation and propagation of fractures that penetrate layers,and accurately predicted the propagation pattern of hydraulic fractures through laminated shale oil reservoirs.Simulation results revealed that in the process of multi-cluster fracturing,the proportion of shear damage is low,and mainly occurs in bedding fractures activated by outer fractures.Reducing the cluster spacing enhances the fracture system's penetration ability,though it lowers the activation efficiency of lamina.The high plasticity of the limestone interlayer may impact the vertical propagation distance of the main fracture.Improving the interface strength is beneficial to the reconstruction of the fracture height,but the interface communication effect is limited.Reasonable selection of layers with moderate lamina strength for fracturing stimulation,increasing the pump rate during fracturing and setting the cluster spacing reasonably are beneficial to improve the effect of reservoir stimulation.

Theoretical and experimental investigation of the resonance responses and chaotic dynamics of a bistable laminated composite shell in the dynamic snap-through mode

The dynamic model of a bistable laminated composite shell simply supported by four corners is further developed to investigate the resonance responses and chaotic behaviors.The existence of the 1:1 resonance relationship between two order vibration modes of the system is verified.The resonance response of this class of bistable structures in the dynamic snap-through mode is investigated,and the four-dimensional(4D)nonlinear modulation equations are derived based on the 1:1 internal resonance relationship by means of the multiple scales method.The Hopf bifurcation and instability interval of the amplitude frequency and force amplitude curves are analyzed.The discussion focuses on investigating the effects of key parameters,e.g.,excitation amplitude,damping coefficient,and detuning parameters,on the resonance responses.The numerical simulations show that the foundation excitation and the degree of coupling between the vibration modes exert a substantial effect on the chaotic dynamics of the system.Furthermore,the significant motions under particular excitation conditions are visualized by bifurcation diagrams,time histories,phase portraits,three-dimensional(3D)phase portraits,and Poincare maps.Finally,the vibration experiment is carried out to study the amplitude frequency responses and bifurcation characteristics for the bistable laminated composite shell,yielding results that are qualitatively consistent with the theoretical results.

Natural frequency analysis of laminated piezoelectric beams with arbitrary polarization directions

Piezoelectric devices exhibit unique properties that vary with different vibration modes,closely influenced by their polarization direction.This paper presents an analysis on the free vibration of laminated piezoelectric beams with varying polarization directions,using a state-space-based differential quadrature method.First,based on the electro-elasticity theory,the state-space method is extended to anisotropic piezoelectric materials,establishing state-space equations for arbitrary polarized piezoelectric beams.A semi-analytical solution for the natural frequency is then obtained via the differential quadrature method.The study commences by examining the impact of a uniform polarization direction,and then proceeds to analyze six polarization schemes relevant to the current research and applications.Additionally,the effects of geometric dimensions and gradient index on the natural frequencies are explored.The numerical results demonstrate that varying the polarization direction can significantly influence the natural frequencies,offering distinct advantages for piezoelectric elements with different polarizations.This research provides both theoretical insights and numerical methods for the structural design of piezoelectric devices.

Inter-well internal resonance analysis of rectangular asymmetric cross-ply bistable composite laminated cantilever shell under transverse foundation excitation

The chaotic dynamic snap-through and complex nonlinear vibrations are investigated in a rectangular asymmetric cross-ply bistable composite laminated cantilever shell,in cases of 1:2 inter-well internal resonance and primary resonance.The transverse foundation excitation is applied to the fixed end of the structure,and the other end is in a free state.The first-order approximate multiple scales method is employed to perform the perturbation analysis on the dimensionless two-degree-of-freedom ordinary differential motion control equation.The four-dimensional averaged equations are derived in both polar and rectangular coordinate forms.Deriving from the obtained frequency-amplitude and force-amplitude response curves,a detailed analysis is conducted to examine the impacts of excitation amplitude,damping coefficient,and tuning parameter on the nonlinear internal resonance characteristics of the system.The nonlinear softening characteristic is exhibited in the upper stable-state,while the lower stable-state demonstrates the softening and linearity characteristics.Numerical simulation is carried out using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method,and a series of nonlinear response curves are plotted.Increasing the excitation amplitude further elucidates the global bifurcation and chaotic dynamic snap-through characteristics of the bistable cantilever shell.

A novel solution of rectangular composite laminates under oblique low-velocity impacts

An analytical solution for the responses of composite laminates under oblique low-velocity impacts is presented for a cross-ply,orthotropic,and rectangular plate under oblique low-velocity impacts.The plate is under simply-supported edge conditions,and the dynamic displacement field is expressed in a mixed form by in-plane double Fourier series and cubic polynomials through the thickness as 12 variables for each layer.A system of modified Lagrange equations is derived with all interface constraints.The Hertz and Cattaneo-Mindlin theories are used to solve for the normal and tangential contact forces during the impacts.By further discretizing in the time domain,the oblique impact problem is solved iteratively.While the numerical results clearly show the influence of impact velocity,stacking sequence,mechanical parameters,and geometric parameters,the proposed analytical approach could serve as a theoretical basis for the laminate analysis and design when it is under low-velocity impacts.

Study of damage behavior and repair effectiveness of patch repaired carbon fiber laminate under quasi-static indentation loading

Damage caused due to low-velocity impacts in composites leads to substantial deterioration in their residual strength and eventually provokes structural failure.This work presents an experimental investigation on the effects of different patch and parent laminate stacking sequences on the enhancement of impact strength of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers(CFRP)composites by utilising the adhesively bonded external patch repair technique.Damage evolution study is also performed with the aid of Acoustic Emission(AE).Two different quasi-isotropic configurations were selected for the parent laminate,viz.,[45°/45°/0°/0°]s and[45°/0°/45°/0°]s.Quasi Static Indentation(QSI)test was performed on both the pristine laminates,and damage areas were detected by using the C-scan inspection technique.Damaged laminates were repaired by using a single-sided patch of two different configurations,viz.,[45°/45°/45°/45°]and[45°/0°/0°/45°],and employing a circular plug to fill the damaged hole.Four different combinations of repaired laminates with two configurations of each parent and patch laminate were produced,which were further subjected to the QSI test.The results reveal the effectiveness of the repair method,as all the repaired laminates show higher impact resistance compared to the respective pristine laminates.Patches of[45°/0°/0°/45°]configuration when repaired by taking[45°/45°/0°/0°]s and[45°/0°/45°/0°]s as parents exhibited 68%and 73%higher peak loads,respectively,than the respective pristine laminates.Furthermore,parent and patch of configuration[45°/0°/45°/0°]s and[45°/0°/0°/45°],respectively,attain the highest peak load,whereas[45°/45°/0°/0°]s and[45°/45°/45°/45°]combinations possess the most gradual decrease in the load.

海相细粒陆源碎屑岩主要沉积构造类型及页岩气意义

沉积构造不仅能揭示海相细粒陆源碎屑岩的形成环境和沉积时的古水动力条件,还影响到页岩气储集层的渗透性及可压裂性。文中通过系统总结国内外相关研究成果,明确了海相细粒陆源碎屑岩沉积构造的主要类型及成因。海相细粒陆源碎屑岩主要发育物理成因、化学成因和生物成因3类沉积构造:物理成因构造主要有流动成因构造和软沉积物变形构造,前者包括交错纹理、水平层理(纹理)、块状构造、递变纹理和复合纹理,后者包括滑塌—滑移构造、负载构造、火焰状构造、球—枕构造、包卷层理、扭曲纹理、碎裂纹理和坠石;化学成因构造包括碳酸盐结核和黄铁矿结核;生物成因构造主要有生物遗迹构造和生物扰动构造。该3类沉积构造主要为细粒浊流沉积、等深流沉积和远洋—半远洋沉积成因,少数为沉积物变形成因。沉积构造类型直接影响页岩气储集层的渗透性、水力裂缝的生成及延展方向。

有机/无机叠层高阻隔膜性能研究

柔性电子封装用阻隔膜需具备水氧高阻隔性、光学高透明性,膜层结合牢固等特性。采用有机/无机叠层技术开发高阻隔膜,通过PECVD制备无机SiOxCyHz膜层,真空蒸发制备丙烯酸酯有机膜层。对有机膜层、无机膜层及叠层的膜厚、膜层表面形貌、光谱进行测试,同时对阻隔膜层的阻隔性展开测试,并针对叠层应力性能进行研究。所制备的结构为“PET/无机层/有机层/无机层”的叠层膜透水率达到0.03 g/(m^(2)·d),透光率89.2%,得到高透光率、高阻隔性柔性薄膜材料。并分别测试了叠层结构中有机膜层、无机膜层的应力,通过有机层/无机层厚度匹配,抑制单层薄膜的高应力,制备了应力耦合的叠层阻隔膜。

HPFL加固砖砌体抗压强度试验研究

为了了解高性能水泥复合砂浆钢筋网薄层(HPFL)加固砖墙的受力机理、承载力提高程度和破坏形态,制作了4组HPFL加固的普通砖砌体抗压试件及1组对比试件,采用分级加载的方法进行抗压强度试验研究,比较分析了不同加固面数和砂浆面层厚度等参数对加固砖墙的承载力、延性和破坏形态的影响。实验研究结果表明:原砖墙与加固面层能较好的协同工作,HPFL能显著地提高砖墙的抗压承载力,砖墙延性得到改善。HPFL加固砌体是一种有效的加固方法,为工程加固设计时提供参考。

HPFL加固前后空斗墙片抗侧刚度试验

为了解空斗墙的抗震性能,对9片空斗墙墙体进行了水平低周反复荷载试验,研究了空斗墙墙体抗侧刚度及刚度退化情况,再通过9片经高性能水泥复合砂浆钢筋网薄层(High Performance Ferrocement Laminate,简称HPFL)加固修复的空斗墙墙体的水平低周反复荷载试验,对加固前后空斗墙片各个阶段的抗侧刚度进行了对比分析。试验表明,空斗墙的砌筑方式、砂浆强度和竖向压应力对墙体初始刚度有所影响,但不能明显延缓墙体刚度退化的速度;加固后的墙体极限荷载刚度均有所提高,圈梁构造柱加固所提高的幅度高于剪刀撑加固。可为研究空斗墙抗震性能提供必要理论,为寻求经济有效的加固方式提供思路。

HPFL加固空斗墙砌体抗压强度试验研究

高性能水泥复合砂浆钢筋网薄层（HPFL）加固法是一种新型的结构加固补强技术.通过2组对比试件和3组加固试件在分级加载下的轴压试验,研究了HPFL对空斗墙砌体的抗压加固效果.实验结果表明,单面加固极限承载力提高41.7%,双面加固不仅极限承载力提高50%-53.8%,开裂荷载也提高约21.3%-27%.笔者通过实验数据拟合了空斗墙受压应力-应变曲线,并提出HPFL加固空斗墙砌体承载力计算方法,供加固设计时参考.

基于BP神经网络的HPFL加固层与混凝土粘结强度预测

根据HPFL加固层和加固混凝土构件之间的243个正拉粘结强度试验测试和24个剪切粘结强度试验测试,将影响二者粘结强度的主要因素,如抹灰龄期、加固界面粗糙度、混凝土和砂浆强度、修补方位等作为特征参数,建立了预测HPFL加固层与混凝土粘结强度的BP人工神经网络模型。采用训练好的BP神经网络对HPFL加固层与混凝土粘结强度进行了预测,并与实测值进行了对比。正拉粘结强度预测值与试验值之比的平均值为1.056,标准差为0.057;剪切粘结强度预测值与试验值之比的平均值为0.988,标准差为0.127。结果表明:预测值与试验值符合良好,利用BP神经网络对HPFL加固层与混凝土粘结强度进行预测是可行的。

HPFL条带加固眠墙抗剪试验研究

为了了解高性能水泥复合砂浆薄层(High Performance Ferrocement Laminate,简称HPFL)加固低强度眠墙的抗震性能,本文通过1片未加固眠墙和4片采用HPFL条带加固的眠墙的水平低周反复荷载试验,对比研究了各个墙片的抗震性能。试验结果表明,用HPFL条带加固后的眠墙显著提高了其开裂荷载和极限荷载,墙体的脆性性质有所改善。通过进一步的分析得出了HPFL条带加固砖墙的抗剪承载力计算公式,以供加固设计人员参考。HPFL加固方法可应用于广大农村地区的砌体结构抗震加固。

Interface analysis of 7B52 Al alloy laminated composite fabricated by hot-roll bonding

The bonding interface of 7B52 Al alloy laminated composite （ALC） fabricated by hot rolling was investigated using optical microscopy （OM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, ultrasonic flaw detection （UFD）, and bonding strength tests. The results show that metallurgical bonding is achieved at the interface after composite rolling. The TEM analysis and tensile tests indicate that the 7B52 ALC plate combines high strength of the hard individual layer and good toughness of the soft individual layer. However, UFD technology and SEM analysis prove that the defects （thick oxide films, acid washed residues, air, oil and coarse particles） existing in the bonding interface are harmful to the bonding strength. To sum up, the composite roiling process is suitable for 7B52 ALC plate, and the content and size of the defects should be controlled strictly. Advanced surface treatment of each individual layer would be beneficial to further improve the bonding quality.