线上线下双模式教育的应用——以机械电子工程专业必修课《热力学与传热学基础》为例

后疫情时代,为适应教学要求,逐渐衍生出线上线下双模式的教学方式。本文以机械电子工程专业的必修课《热力学与传热学基础》为例介绍了线上线下双模式教育在教学中的应用。首先介绍了《热力学与传热学基础》这门专业必修课的主要授课内容、学习目标和考核标准,其次以理想气体基本热力学过程的p-v图和T-s图为例,说明了双模式教育的应用为教学带来的好处。

免疫检查点T细胞激活抑制物免疫球蛋白可变区结构域、人内源性逆转录病毒-H长端重复相关蛋白2在子宫内膜癌中的表达及临床意义

目的分析免疫检查点T细胞激活抑制物免疫球蛋白可变区结构域(VISTA)、人内源性逆转录病毒-H长端重复相关蛋白2(HHLA2)在子宫内膜癌(EC)中的表达及临床意义。方法选取2017年9月至2019年10月唐山市妇幼保健院收治的120例的EC患者作为研究对象,收集其的EC组织和癌旁正常组织。检测EC组织和癌旁正常组织VISTA、HHLA2的表达;采用Spearman分析免疫检查点VISTA、HHLA2的相关性;Kaplan-Meier分析VISTA、HHLA2与预后的关系;Cox回归分析影响EC患者预后的危险因素。结果EC组织中VISTA、HHLA2阳性表达率显著高于正常癌旁组织(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性结果显示EC组织中VISTA与HHLA2表达呈正相关性(r=0.587,P<0.05)。EC组织中VISTA、HHLA2表达与临床病理特征有关(P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier曲线结果显示VISTA阳性表达患者3年生存率低于阴性表达患者(χ^(2)=11.864,P<0.05),HHLA2阳性表达患者3年生存率低于阴性表达患者(χ^(2)=4.975,P<0.05)。Cox回归分析结果显示VISTA和HHLA2是影响EC患者预后的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论免疫检查点VISTA、HHLA2在EC中高表达,其是影响EC预后的危险因素,二者可能是有价值的预后标志物。

黄河流域近40年土地利用/覆被时空变化特征

[目的]研究土地利用/覆被时空变化特征对于黄河流域土地资源保护与合理开发具有重要意义,可为黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展战略实施提供重要参考。[方法]基于黄河流域1980-2021逐年土地利用/覆被数据,采用Mann-Kendall和滑动t检验、地学信息图谱、标准差椭圆和重心迁移模型等方法,探究近40年黄河流域土地利用/覆被变化特征。[结果](1)1980-2021年林地、灌丛、水域、建设用地显著增加,耕地、草地、湿地显著减少。(2)流域土地利用/覆被变化时段可划分为1980-1992年,1993-2001年,2002-2012年,2013-2021年,数量结构逐渐呈现快速变化特点,建设用地、湿地和水域变化敏感。土地利用结构均衡度逐渐增强,呈现的阶段性变化与实施的重大战略措施关联性高,并与划分的阶段较符合。(3)流域中上游以2012-2021年和间歇变化型、耕地和草地的相互转换为主,下游以2001-2012年和2012-2021年变化型、耕地转为建设用地和草地为主。流域内宁夏北部、内蒙古东部及部分沿黄河水系分布的地区变化频繁。(4)湿地、水域和建设用地的重心向西迁移,分别呈现向西南集中分布、向东分散、向西北集中分布态势。[结论]土地利用结构在政策导向下总体趋势变好,未来应重点关注湿地以及土地利用变化频繁的地区。

Strong ground motion characteristics observed in the February 6,2023 M_(W)7.7 Türkiye earthquake

Türkiye is located in a seismically active region,where the Anatolian,African,and Arabian tectonic plates converge.High seismic hazards cause the region to be struck repeatedly by major earthquakes.On February 06,2023,a devastating M_(W)7.7 earthquake struck Türkiye at 01:17 am local time(01:17 UTC).In this regard,near and far-field ground motion data within the distance of 120 km are compiled and later characterized to identify the key ground motion intensity measures.Additionally,the vertical components of ground motions were examined to capture the complete three-dimensional nature of the seismic event.Moreover,the effect of Pulse-Like(PL)and Non-Pulse-Like(NPL)ground motion on a representative RC frame structure built as per the Türkiye code was investigated.The results indicate that PL behavior was observed in both horizontal and vertical components of ground motions and PL behavior were noted both near the epicenter and at higher distances from the epicenter.Moreover,the ratio of the peak vertical acceleration to peak horizontal acceleration at certain stations was found to be close to 1.Finally,the non-linear time history analysis of the representative reinforced concrete frame structure for ground motions recorded at stations located equidistant from the epicenter,indicated that PL ground motions led to more significant damage compared to NPL ground motions.

基于Python语言辅助化工热力学教学

化工热力学由于公式繁多,概念抽象,计算求解过程中通常要用到迭代试差而成为化工专业课程中教学难度较大的课程之一。随着计算机技术的迅速发展与应用,将其融入化工热力学教学已经成为培养新时代化工专业人才的必然趋势。结合近年来流行的Python语言及其优势,重点介绍其在p-V-T关系计算中的应用实例。通过Python语言编程解决化工热力学中的计算问题,可以有效解决化工热力学教学中的难点问题,很大程度提升课堂的教学质量和效率。

新型免疫检查点分子VISTA的研究进展

T细胞活化V结构域免疫球蛋白抑制因子(VISTA)是一种新型免疫检查点蛋白,具有与B7家族相似但独特的结构。VISTA在多种细胞中表达,包括髓系细胞和肿瘤细胞。在肿瘤中,VISTA可能通过调节髓系细胞和T细胞起到免疫抑制的作用。临床研究发现,VISTA在多种癌症中表达并与患者预后相关,可能是癌症治疗的潜在靶点,已有多种VISTA拮抗剂正在研发中。然而对VISTA分子机制和在免疫治疗中的确切作用仍需进一步研究。VISTA最新研究进展包括其与配体的相互作用以及其在肿瘤免疫治疗中的应用可能是免疫检查点抑制剂治疗实体肿瘤的新理论依据。

一种基于FPGA的宽范围绝缘测试系统设计与研究

针对工业领域对绝缘测试越来越高的需求,提出了一种基于FPGA的宽范围绝缘测试系统,同时针对大电阻测试情况下工频干扰对测试精度的影响,提出了采用双T型陷波器的方法。首先,分析绝缘测试平台的测试原理,并给出系统整体设计框架,该绝缘测试平台分为上位机和下位机两部分,两者通过以太网进行通信;其次,分析电路原理,根据原理和测试需求提出相应的硬件设计,陷波器采用双T结构,电阻测试原理采用二线法;再次,根据电路和测试原理设计软件和通信协议;最后,对电路仿真并进行实物测试。测试结果表明,绝缘测试系统测试范围能覆盖至10Ω~10 MΩ,双T型陷波器能够滤除大电阻测试情况下的工频干扰,滤波后的测试误差均在10%以内。

地质灾害监测预警管理平台建设研究

为实现地质灾害监测预警工作的科学化、信息化和精细化,提高地质灾害实时监测和动态预警预报能力,本文利用GIS、三维可视化、云计算等先进技术,基于云服务的T-C-V(terminal-cloud-virtual)框架,构建了地质灾害监测预警数据库,开发了地质灾害监测预警管理平台,实现了地质灾害的二三维一体化展示、基本信息管理、监测预警管理、应急指挥管理等功能,有效地提高了地质灾害的监测预警能力和管理水平。

V频段宽带高效率功率合成放大器设计

介绍了一种基于混合波导魔T的V频段宽带高效率功率合成放大器。采用混合波导魔T结构和超宽带扇形开路薄膜电阻,设计了一款覆盖整个V频段的新型小型化高隔离二路功分器,实测在50~75 GHz频率范围内,平均电路损耗0.2 dB,输入回波小于-20 dB,隔离和输出回波小于-14 dB。基于该电路结构,采用V频段宽带GaN功放芯片,研制了一种3.5 W功率模块,以该功率模块为基本单元,并采用16路高效率功率分配/合成网络,研制出一款V频段宽带高效率功率合成放大器。实测在50~75 GHz的V频段全频段范围内,连续波饱和输出功率大于47 dBm,小信号增益大于46 dB,合成效率全频带内大于82%,在全频段实现了高效率合成和大功率输出。该电路结构紧凑,工作频带宽,合成效率高且便于散热,具有很好的工程应用价值。

Frequency of the C677T Polymorphism of MTHFR, G20210A of Prothrombin and R506Q of Factor V Leiden in Type 2 Diabetics in Abidjan

In Africa, the prevalence of diabetes is escalating and remains a concern due to the numerous complications it causes. Vascular damage associated with diabetes leads to a prothrombotic state observed in diabetic individuals. Diabetes is a complex and multifactorial disease involving genetic components. With the aim of preventing complications and contributing to an efficient management of diabetes, we investigated genes likely to lead to a risk of thrombosis, in particular the C677T of MTHFR, G20210A of prothrombin, and R506Q of factor V Leiden in type 2 diabetics in Abidjan receiving ambulatory care. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on consenting type 2 diabetic patients. Mutation detection was carried out using the PCR-RFLP method employing restriction enzymes. Hemostasis tests (fibrinogen, D-dimers, fibrin monomers, and von Willebrand factor) were performed using citrate tubes on the Stage? Star Max automated system. Plasminogen activator inhibitor was assayed by ELISA method, and biochemical parameters were determined using the COBAS C311. The study population consisted of 45 diabetic patients, 51.1% of whom presented vascular complications, mainly neuropathy. Disturbances in hemostasis parameters were observed, with 15.5% of patients showing an increase in fibrin monomers. Mutation analysis revealed an absence of factor V mutation (factor V Leiden) and of G20210A mutation of the prothrombin gene. However, 15.6% of subjects had a heterozygous C677T mutation of MTHFR, with 57% of them being anemic. The exploration of biological and genetic factors associated with thrombotic risk is of significant interest in the optimal management of African type 2 diabetics.

The Application of Modern Art Techniques in T.S. Eliot's The Waste Land

The literature in 20th century is mainly characterized by irrationalism presented in modernism. Under the background, this paper aims to explore how Eliot attempts to use modern art techniques in The Waste Land to reveal a real life to readers.

基于t-SNE法对寒地水稻种质资源品质的分类研究

为探究数据降维后可视化呈现并进行图像分割聚类的方法,本研究利用160份粳稻种质资源的品质指标,引入t-SNE算法将11项品质指标转化为两个相互独立的成分并进行可视化呈现,进一步采用K-means聚类,将图像聚类分割为具有不同特征的三个簇,分别利用非线性对数主成分分析,根据每个指标在主成分中平均贡献率进行排序,得到具有不同品质特征的三个类别。结果表明,160份寒地水稻种质资源被分成具有不同特征的簇0(62份资源)、簇1(47份资源)、簇2(51份资源),其中簇0强调蛋白质、直链淀粉等营养品质,簇1注重光泽、味道和香气等感官品质,而簇2更加突出糙米率、精米率和完整性等加工品质特征。本方法解决了聚类时数据维度过高、信息冗余等问题,并较完整地保留了高维数据的分布特征,而非线性对数主成分分析又可以进一步明晰每一类的特征。

乳腺癌患者不同病理特征中H3K9ac、PD-L1、VISTA表达及其联合检测对乳腺癌不良预后的预测价值

目的探讨乳腺癌患者不同病理特征中组蛋白H3第9位赖氨酸残基乙酰化(H3K9ac)、程序性死亡因子配体1(PD-L1)、T细胞激活抑制物免疫球蛋白的可变区结构域(VISTA)及其联合检测对乳腺癌不良预后的预测价值。方法选取2018年5月至2020年7月平顶山市第一人民医院收治的130例乳腺癌患者,免疫组化检测乳腺癌组织及癌旁组织中H3K9ac、PD-L1及VISTA表达情况。比较乳腺癌组织、癌旁组织中H3K9ac、PD-L1及VISTA表达情况;比较乳腺癌不同病理特征中H3K9ac、PD-L1及VISTA表达情况;随访3 a,根据是否发生转移、复发、死亡分为预后不良和预后良好;比较预后不良和预后良好乳腺癌患者H3K9ac、PD-L1及VISTA表达情况;分析H3K9ac、PD-L1、VISTA表达联合检测对乳腺癌不良预后的预测价值。结果乳腺癌组织中H3K9ac、PD-L1、VISTA高表达率均高于癌旁组织(P<0.05);不同组织分化程度、T分期、N分期、阳性淋巴细胞数目中H3K9ac、PD-L1、VISTA高表达率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);随访3 a,130例乳腺癌患者失访7例(5.38%),预后不良22例,预后良好101例。预后不良患者H3K9ac、PD-L1、VISTA高表达率高于预后良好患者(P<0.05);H3K9ac、PD-L1、VISTA联合检测预测乳腺癌患者不良预后的AUC为0.902,大于各指标单独预测的0.714、0.866、0.781(P<0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者癌组织中H3K9ac、PD-L1及VISTA均呈高表达,其高表达与分化程度、分期、淋巴细胞数目等病理特征相关,H3K9ac、PD-L1、VISTA联合检测对乳腺癌患者不良预后具有较高的预测价值。

Evaluation of Technical Education by Using a Modern Structured MOODLE Laboratory Course, in Relation to Recent Data

E-learning platforms support education systems worldwide, transferring theoretical knowledge as well as soft skills. In the present study high-school pupils’, and adult students’ opinions were evaluated through a modern structured MOODLE interactive course, designed for the needs of the laboratory course “Automotive Systems”. The study concerns Greek secondary vocational education pupils aged 18 and vocational training adult students aged 20 to 50 years. The multistage, equal size simple random cluster sample was used as a sampling method. Pupils and adult students of each cluster completed structured 10-question questionnaires both before and after attending the course. A total of 120 questionnaires were collected. In general, our findings disclosed that the majority of pupils and adult students had significantly improved their knowledge and skills from using MOODLE. They reported strengthening conventional teaching, using the new MOODLE technology. The satisfaction indices improved quite, with the differences in their mean values being statistically significant.

流水线式高效提取赤泥中钪稀土钛钒铌元素研究

针对传统“酸浸出法”低效和不能满足环保、低成本、流水线式提取赤泥中富含多种微量稀土与贵金属元素等问题,文章基于异种电荷“静电相吸”机理研究了带负电活性基团的微生物与N高分子活性和G可溶性碳氢化修饰的T聚糖在赤泥中流水线连续高效提取钪稀土钛钒铌五种金属的回收效率和机理。研究结果表明微生物和修饰T聚糖在赤泥中金属元素连续吸附过程中兼容性优,且实现对特定的金属离子的专一性吸附。钪稀土钛钒铌的回收率分别为95.2%、93.8%、95.6%、96.4%和96.9%。阐明了微生物和修饰T聚糖与有价稀土贵金属元素的吸附、络合行为及沉淀行为等机制。

Study on Land Use Structure Changes and Countermeasures

Land structure change not only relates to the coordinated development of regional social economic,but also determines the ecological environment security in certain region. Ili river valley was chose as the study area. The scientific and quantitative assessment of land use struc- ture and spatial pattern is significant to the sustainable development of the Ili river valley area. Based on the detailed investigation date of land use from 2002 to 2008,and social and economic statistics of the Ili river valley in eight counties and one city in 2008,the study area's land use structure changes were discussed in three aspects from the land use structure,the degree of land use,to the land use efficiency. The changes of land use structure were analyzed by the use of qualitative and quantitative methods. Factors that influence land use structure changes were analyzed. In the end,suggestions were put forward to optimize the management.

Analysis of T.S.Eliot's The Waste Land from the Discourse of Animality

T.S.Eliot's works have the didactic purpose of turning his readers away from what he considered the selfindulgence of the Romantics and toward the sterner splendors of Elizabethan drama and the 17th-century metaphysical poetry.Associated with the rise of literary modernism,he was established as the voice of a disillusioned generation by The Waste Land(1922).Especially,Eliot's description of the discourse of animality received highly artistic effect on the aspect of expressing his "impersonal theory".The discourse of animality in The Waste Land in plenty,thus,it made the author's expressive force more vivid.Furthermore,various imagos of different animals drew a mythical picture of modern waste land.So that,Eliot's The Waste Land also has the epic signification.

Analysis on Capitalization of Rural Land Ownership in China by Law and Economics

To find solutions for legal system for capitalization of rural land ownership in China,this paper studied and analyzed existing problems in rural land system and legal environment using legal theory and transaction cost theory. Results indicated that(i) the restriction of institutional condition upon property right and transaction is more essential,and key points include the relationship of entities of right formed jointly by the state,collective and farmers,accurate positioning of property right structure,and security for land appreciation income right and allocation mechanism;(ii) the land property right structure should select a legal structure with minimum transaction cost. It is concluded that entitling the ownership to a single entity is an economical method to eliminate current conflict of rural land right.

Dynamic Spatial Evolution of Market-oriented Supply Level of State-owned Land

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the spatial distribution and change trend of the marketing level of stateowned land supply so as to provide policy recommendations. Method of spatial autocorrelation analysis is employed. The results indicate that the spatial layout of the land supply marketing level is generally dispersed,but it does assemble in some specific area. The correlation between the marketing level of state-owned land supply and the economic development is not statistically significant. But their relations fluctuate obviously. The overall marketing level of state-owned land supply is increasing and spatially concentrated. The expansion rate of marketing has decreased first and then increased and stabilized now. The high-value cluster center of marketing level of state-owned land supply exists all over the country; however the existence probability of the cluster is bigger in undeveloped areas. It is concluded that spatial autocorrelation analysis is a good method to quantitatively analyze the spatial variation of marketing level of state-owned land supply in China. To grasp the spatial and temporal variations of the marketing level of state-owned land supply is also good to enhance running of the state-owned land market.

PARAMETRIC MODELING OF COMPONENT LIBRARY FOR LANDING GEAR BASED ON CATIA/CAA

The design of landing gear is complicated due to the numerous considered elements.And the initial elements related to each other can also be influenced by different factors.Landing gear design often involves a very large variety of configurations,especially in the conceptual design phase.However,traditional method costs more time to complete the whole procedure for suitable configurations of landing gears.Therefore,the parametric modeling of component library for landing gear based on computer aided three-dimensional interface application/component application architecutre(CATIA/CAA)is proposed.According to the analysis of the characteristics of landing gear components,a method is presented to extract the primary parameters of landing gear components so that a systematic classification can be established.Further,the related theories and methods,including receiving geometrical parameters of the components and updating the parametrical model,displaying the component parts,are also illustrated.Finally,the development technology for component library is explained.The proposed modeling method can improve the efficiency of the whole design cycle for landing gear.